【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ17

前スレが容量オーバーとなったので立てました。

・和訳依頼する側は和訳してほしい原文全文を載せるが原則
・依頼する前に自分で調べ、それでも分からなかったら原文カキコ
・依頼するときは「よろしく」和訳してもらったら「ありがとう」
・依頼はまともな日本語でないと、答える気がしなくなります。
・お礼をしないと、その時はよくても、次から答えるものが減ります。
・原則として高校生対象ですが、大学生でもＯＫ．
・翻訳者の方はマルチ依頼されているかどうか注意しましょう。
・訳すかどうかは自由です。

以上の点を踏まえて神様に訳してもらいましょう

【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ16
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1246722031/

Voyager Reading Lesson6 です。


Another interesting survey of college students compared national differences in positivity and ranked Puerto Rico, Colombia and Spain as the three most cheerful countries.
The high spirits of the Puerto Ricans and Colombians, who live in countries with a relatively low GDP, may come from a "positivity tendency."

They believe that the aspects of life in general are good.
In other words, Latin Americans are happier because they look on the sunny side of life.

This tendency does not seem to be as common in East Asian countries like Japan.
Among the bottom five in the study are Japan, China and South Korea.
East Asians tend to rate themselves lower and it's not clear whether they actually feel unhappy or whether they're just controlling their answers.
Again, that may be a result of cultural differences.

American and Japanese students were recently asked to describe the positive and negative aspects of happiness.
The American students could only see happiness as pure good, while the Japanese students repeatedly pointed out that personal happiness could invite envy.
Japanese, from early in life, may be trained to focus on the negative aspects of themselves rather than positive ones.
Japanese often see little value in personal happiness that disturbs family or group harmony, though that might be part of the fun for average American students.
Japanese happiness is probably much more social than personal.
However, that may be changing year by year.


長文ですがよろしくお願いします。

Womanという題のイギリス人作家のエッセイです。
It may be only an illusion, but I fancy that dramatists are particularly fond of depicting Woman in the middle and later
parts of her life as an angel of peace.
As I sat through the first performance of "Juno and the Paycocka", at the Royalty Theatre, it seemed to me the figure of
the mother was a figure whom all the dramatists love to portray - woman the peacemaker, the assuager of suffering,
the understanding one.
Even in Mary Rose, where the mother is only a faint sketch, she is shown continually allaying the petty quarrels of two
elderly gentlemen over pictures and less important things and smoothing hostility into affection.

よろしくおねがいします。

長文ですがよろしくお願いします。
長文すぎてエラーが起きる一文もありますので分割しているところがあります、ごめんなさい。

The Godfather : a story of the family

�@The concept - that the most evil of men have basically the same dreams, drives, and ambitions as the most innocent -
never received more elaborate attention than in the 1972 film adaptation of Mario Puzo’s novel The Godfather.
At its core, this extraordinary movie may have harked back of the gangster melodramas of the thirties, but it dramatized an idea that organized crime thrived on, indeed, depended on ‘‘the family.’’
The family was all - and not just the gang members but their wives, their children, their friends in the community.
This was the central metaphor of The Godfather; one could lie, steal, cheat, and kill for family, but the strictest code of honor, fidelity, and respect must be maintained.

�AThe Corleones, the principal family of The Godfather, live in a protected fortress that we see in the film’s opening sequence: the wedding day of Vito Corleone’s daughter Connie.
Even on this festive occasion, Vito Corleone (Marlon Brando), the Godfather, the revered head of the family, is receiving those who need his help.
Proud of his Italian heritage, proud of his children, he is the stern but benign patriarch. He worships his adopted country - he tells his first visitor,
‘‘You found paradise in America.’’ But during the course of this extremely violent movie, we see the consequences of Vito Corleone’s criminal empire.
His sons are drawn into the network of murder and vengeance: Sonny　(James Caan) is brutally murdered by a rival family, and Michael (Al Pacino), the family
‘‘scholar’’ and the one who had stood outside the nefarious activities, proves to be the most ruthless off all when he inherits his father’s mantle.
Carlo (Gianni Russo), the treacherous son-in-raw married in the opening scene, is strangled by Corleone musclemen.
Within this tightly knit, intensely loyal family, lives are lost or wrecked - in this private club, the price of membership is high.

�BThe Godfather is the gangster film carried to a new level of bravura and theatrical intensity.
The screenplay, credited to Mario Puzo and director Francis Ford Coppola, is punctuated with scenes of explicit violence that earlier crime movies could only hint at; in these scenes death is ugly, grotesque, horrifying
- it lacks the ‘‘aesthetic’’ quality suggested in Bonnie and Clyde. Essentially, the film is concerned with events that drastically changes the makeup of the Corleone family, and especially with the emergence of Michael as the new Don.
His transformation from a dutiful Godfather is traced in Al Pachino’s strong, vivid performance.
When he commits his first act of murder, killing a corrupt police chief and a rival family head, his eyes turn cold and his face hardens.
A series of revenge killings - his brother Sonny and Michael’s young Italian wife - draws him closer to the family, and his father’s death confirms his position.
When he is finally addressed as Don Corleone, his face half-hidden in darkness, the effect is disquieting.
In the film’s most brilliant sequence, Michael’s power is consolidated at the same time that the continuity and indestructibility of the family is
demonstrated: scenes of the baptism of Connie’s baby alternate with others showing the extermination of the heads of opposing families.

What is international balance of payments?
The balance of international payments is divided into four sections: (1) current account, (2) capital
account, (3) changes in reserve assets, and (4) errors and omissions.
Current account includes trades, services, income, and transfers. In Japan, the current account has been
in surplus in spite of the fact that services have had a large deficit. Capital account includes direct
investment, portfolio investment, financial derivatives, and so on, and has been in deficit.
The international balance of payments can be considered using various theoretical approaches. One is
the elasticity approach, which considers the responsiveness of exports and imports to a change in the
exchange rates. The absorption approach analyzes a current account by determining the difference between
income and absorption (consumption, investment, and government expenditure). The last is the saving
investment approach, which hypothesizes that the difference between saving and investment is as the
current account. If saving is larger than investment, it means surplus.

Some structural factors have resulted in the recent ‘current account’ surplus. As companies increased
production capacity at Japanese production bases in Asia, Japan’s exports of capital goods and parts surged.
The trade surplus widened mainly due to increased exports following increased sales of (1) motor vehicles,
(2) IT-related goods, and (3) machinery and parts. The deficit in the transportation account shrank because
air freight charges changed into surplus. The deficits in other services also narrowed. This resulted from an
increase in royalty receipts in response to expanded overseas production by Japanese automakers. The deficit
in royalties and license fees gas narrowed recently.
自分ではきれいな文が出来ません＞＜どなたか和訳お願いします

�CFrancis Ford Coppola keeps events flowing smoothly, and he manages a large cast with skill, extracting noteworthy performances from everyone but his star, Marlon Brando.
Elaborately made-up and speaking a hoarse voice, Brando appears to be acting in a difficult film from anyone else.
True, it is a showy role, but he seems to be overly aware of the weight and bearing he must bring to it.
Despite the Academy Award Brando won - and refused – it is a self conscious performance.
Yet his death scene is both poignant and chilling; he expires in the garden while playing with his little grandson, and as he lies dead, grandson ‘‘guns him down’’ with a spray can, a reminder of the boy’s inheritance and probable destiny.

�DAs good as The Godfather was, The Godfather: Part�U (1974) was even better: afilm of staggering dimensions and near-operatic power that deepened the story of the Corleone family.
Sweeping both backward and forward in time from the period of The Godfather, it begins in Sicily in 1901, with nine-year-old Vito Corleone as the only survivor of a bloody vendetta against his family,
and ends in Lake Tahoe in 1958, with Michael Corleone as the undisputed don, feared and alone.
Between the frightened immigrant boy and the Mafia leader isolated in his fortress lay the corruption of the American dream, a subject large enough to embrace the epic style employed by Francis Ford Coppola.
Few movies of the seventies made such eloquent use of the medium or crowded such an array of stunning images into a running time or three hours and twenty minutes.

前スレの>>517-522を訳して頂いた方々
本当に有難うございました！非常に助かりました<(_ _)>

どなたか7>>お願いします＞＜

長くて申し訳ありませんがどなたかお願いいたします。
THE WORD philosophy means the love of wisdom, but what phi-lospphers really love is reasoning. They formulate theories and
marshal reasons to support them, they consider objections and try to meet these, they construct arguments against other views.
Even philosophers who proclaim the limitations of reason−the Greek skep-tics, David Hume, doubters of the objectivity of science−all adduce
reasons for their views and present difficulties for opposing ones. Proclamations or aphorisms are not considered philosophy unless they also enshrine and delineate reasoning.
One thing philosophers reason about is reasoning itself. What prin-ciples should it obey? What principles must it obey? Aristotle initiated the explicit formulation and study
of deductive principles, writers on science and support, Descartes attempted to show why we should trust the results of reasoning, Hume questioned the rationality of our doing
so,and Kant demarcated what he held to be reason`s proper domain. This delineation of reason was not an academic exercise. Discoveries were to be applied: people`s reasoning was to be improved,
their be-liefs and practices and actions made more rational. Inquiring into the rationality of contemporary beliefs and practices carries risks, Socrates discovered.
The traditions of a society sometimes do not withstand scrutiny; not everyone wishes to see the implicit examined explicitly.
Even the simple consideration of alternatives can seem a corrosive undercutting of what actually exists, an exposure of arbitrariness.

>>12続きです。
Rationality fixed human distinctiveness, the Greeks held. "Man is a rational animal." The capacity to be rational demarcates humans from other animals and thus defines them.
Human specialness has repeat-edlu been contracted since the Middle Ages−this was the first large statement about intellectual history that I recall reading. Copernicus, Darwin, and
Freud taught us that human beings do not occupy a taught us that human beings do not occupy a spe-cial place in the universe, they a spe-cial place in the universe, they are not special in their
origin and are not always guided by rational or even consciously known motives. What continued to give humanity some special status, though, is its capacity for rationality. Perhaps we
do not consistently exercise this valuable attribute; yet it sets us apart. Rationality provides us with the (potential) power to investigate and discover anything and every-thing; it
enables us to control and direct our behavor through reasons and the utilization of principles.
お願いいたします。あとところどころ改行がおかしくて読みづらいです…すみません。

和訳お願いします

Cherry blossom trees, or sakura, grow naturally in the Himalayas and in East Asian countrties such as China, Korea and Japan. Sakura grow widely throughout japan.
More than 200 kinds are found here.
Many of them were made by Japanese plant specialists hundreds of years ago.
Flower viewing, or hanami, came to Japan from China.
During the Heian Period (794-1191) the Japanese upper classes tried to copy many of the things that the Chinese upper classes did.
One of those things was hanami. In China the delicate cherry blossom is a symbol of feminine beauty and love.
In Japan, cherry blossoms symbolize the shortness of our lives, because of their short blooming times.

Hanami was originally a kind of religious ceremony in Japan.
It was held on a special day.
If the cherry trees were in full bloom, it meant that there would be a very good harvest of rice.
The upper classes would celebrate by happily drinking and eating under the trees.
Short plays were performed and women wore brightly colored kimonos or happi coats. Hanami did not become popular among the common people until the end of the 17th century Today hanami is enjoyed by everyone.

VoyagerReadingのLesson6-3です。
お願いします。
The above-mentioned research has shown that people's ways of thinking about happiness and positive emotions tend to be different according to their cultures.
But is there anything common to all cultures of the world that makes the human heart sing?
Take wealth, for example, and all the dilightful things that money can buy.
Once your basic needs are met, additional money does little to raise your sense of satisfaction with life.
A good education?
Neither education nor a high IQ leads to happiness.
Youth? No, again.
In fact, older people are more satisfied with their lives than the young.
A recent survay found that people aged between 20 and 24 are sad for an average of 3.4 days a month,
but it is just 2.3days for people aged 65 to 74.
Watching TV?
Not at all.
People who watch more yhan three hours a day are unhappier than those who spend less yime in front of the box.

On the positive side, the most distinct traits of cheerful people were strong ties to friends and family,
and time spent together with them.
These traits were shared by the 10% of students who believe they are really happy.
In other words, it's important to work on sosial skills, close human relationships and cosial support in order to be happy.
A resercher observes that people between the ages of 30 and 50 are less happy than other groups.
This is perhaps because they have less freedom and more responsibilities for kids, jobs and housing.
People are happiest when they are given a certain amount of freedom and decision-making power in their jobs.
After working in the field for 25 years, the researcher claims that happiness is related to how much you like the life you are living.

>>15の続きです
こちらもよろしくお願いします
part4

Do you want to lift your level of happiness? Here are some suggestions based on research findings and other sources.
First of all, practice acts of kindness. Being kind to others,
whether friends or strangers, has positive effects.
It makes you feel happy, gives you a greater sense of connection with others, and brings you smiles.
Next, make a good friend who you can talk with about anything.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Friendship cannot be built in a day, but it can make your life happier.
The biggest factor for feeling satisfaction with life appears to be strong personal relationships.
Thirdly, have realistic goals in your life and work for them.
Happiness lies in the very process of their achievement.
If you like to help someone who is in trouble, work as a volunteer.
Volunteering is becoming more popular these days and people who do so are happier than people who don’t.
Helping others makes you feel happy.
Lastly, do things that you enjoy and that are good for your body.
Getting plenty of sleep, exercising, stretching, smiling and laughing can all improve your mood in a short time.
Practiced regularly, they can help make your daily life more satisfying.
Although the sense of happiness differs between individuals, why don’t you try to put these examples into practice?
Then you will be able to live a happier life from now on.

4
I see a lighted ship. The day is breaking.
And then I see the cliffs of Newfoundland wound in ribbons of fog.
The night and the storm had caught us and we had been flying blind for nineteen hours.
I am tired now, and cold. Ice is beginning to film the glass of the cabin windows, and the fog is playing a magician's game with the land.
But the land is there.
After a while there will be New Brunswick, and then Maine-and then New York.
I tell myself,"Well, if you stay awake, you'll find it's only a matter of time now."
Another 640 kilometers of water, and then I will see the land again-Cape Breton.
I will stop at Sydney to refuel and go on.
It is easy now. Success breeds confidence. But who has a right to confidence except the Gods?
My engine begins to shudder before I see the land again.
It coughs and spits black smoke toward the sea.
I try everything, but nothing works. I am losing altitude slowly, While　the realization of failure is becoming reality.
If I can make the land, I will be the first to fly the Nonh Atlantic from England, but from a pilot's point of view,
a forced landing would be a failure.
In the distance I see land.
The engine cuts again, and then catches, and each time it comes to life I climb as high as I can get, and
then it stops and I glide once more toward the water,
to rise and descend again,like a seabird.

前スレの続きでpart4です。
よろしくお願いいたします。

>>16 　（　>>15は他スレに訳してありますよね　）
あなたは幸福の度合いを上げたいと思いますか。ここに研究による発見と他の資料をもと
にしたいくつかのアドバイス(suggestions:提案)があります。
まず第一に、親切な行動をしなさい。他人に親切にすることは、それが友達にでも見知ら
ぬ人に対してでも、プラスの（肯定的な）効果があります。そうすることで、あなたは幸
せになり、他人とつながっている感覚が大きくなり、あなたの顔に微笑が生まれます。
次に、何でも話せる親友を作ることです。まさかの友は真の友なのです。友情は一日では
作れませんが、あなたの人生をより幸せにしてくれます。人生に対する満足を感じる最大
の要素は、強い人間関係のようなのです。
三番目に、人生に目標を立てて、それに向かって努力すること。幸福はその達成の過程そ
のものにあります。困っている人を助けることが好きならば、ボランティアとして働きな
さい。ボランティアは今日ますます人気になり、ボランティアをしている人はしていない
人より幸福です。他人を助けることがあなたを幸せだと感じさせてくれるのです。
最後に、あなたが楽しいと思うことをしなさい、そして、そのことがあなたの身体にもよ
いのです。たくさん眠り、運動し、ストレッチをし、微笑み、笑うことはどれも短時間で
あなたの気分を改善してくれます。
これらのことは規則的に訓練すれば、あなたの日々の暮らしをもっと満足のあるものにし
てくれるでしょう。幸福の感覚は個人によって異なるものですが、これらの例を実践して
みてはどうでしょうか。そうすれば、あなたはこれから先もっと幸福な人生を生きること
ができるでしょう。

◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
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◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
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◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆

>>18
和訳ありがとうございます、助かりました

◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
　　　　　　　　　　http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/



◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆

◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
　　　　　　　　　　http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/



◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆

It may be only an illusion, but I fancy that dramatists are particularly fond of depicting Woman in the middle and later
parts of her life as an angel of peace.
As I sat through the first performance of "Juno and the Paycocka", at the Royalty Theatre, it seemed to me the figure of
the mother was a figure whom all the dramatists love to portray - woman the peacemaker, the assuager of suffering,
the understanding one.
Even in Mary Rose, where the mother is only a faint sketch, she is shown continually allaying the petty quarrels of two
elderly gentlemen over pictures and less important things and smoothing hostility into affection.

◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
　　　　　　　　　　http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/



◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆

>>24はマルチ

【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ17
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253717625/3
【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ17
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253717625/24
【長文OK】2ch英語→日本語part184
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1249107999/405

In the past, many people believed that infants developed
attachments or　bonds with only those who took care of the
infant's physical needs, for example,
the need to be fed. This led to a number of debates such as
whether mothers should go out work. As a result of
these debates, psychologists began to study the development
if the relationship in great detail, and found that things
weren't nearly so simple. For one thing, many babies develop
special attachments to more than　one person, and sometimes
they will develop a special relationship with someone that
they see only for a relatively short period each day.
A pioneering study by Shaffer and Emerson, conducted
in 1964, found that many of the infants they were studying
had special attachments with their fathers who were out
at work all days, as well as with their mothers who were at home.
Some other babies, however didn’t from attachments
with their fathers. Furthermore, some formed attachments
with the fathers, but not with their mothers, even though
it was the mother who was with them most of the time.

What made the difference? The above study found
that it was the quality of social interaction between
parent and child which affected the infant’s response.
Babies become especially fond of parents (and others)
who are sensitive to the signals they are giving out
― smiling and other facial expressions, movements and so on
− and who are prepared to interact with them in their playing.
They don’t develop attachments to people who care for
them physically ― unless they also talk and play with them.
Even though parents become attached to their infants very quickly,
it takes longer for the infant to develop its own attachment.
Although infants often prefer to be with one person,
in the first few months they are rarely upset if that
special person is not present. Psychologists found that the full
attachment would appear at about seven months.
This attachment forms the basis of the loving relationship
between parent and child, which persists throughout life
(if it is not purposefully damaged). And that attachment,
in its turn, has been based on the quality of the interactions
between the pare t and the baby. A natural ability to interact
with people and to form relationships with the people who
respond to you sensitive is common among human infants
all over world. It is, quite literally, part of our heritage
as human beings.

大変長い文章で恐縮ですが、宜しくお願いします。

長い文章ですが和訳お願いします。

pert1
High in the woods that morning, snow covered the ground. Into
The silence came two horses. Their riders were laughing. The older
giril, Judith, was leading the way on her horse, Gulliver, and looking
back over her shoulder at Grace on Pilgrim.
Grace said, "We may have lost our way." Then they turned to a
steep path. Suddenly, Gulliver's shoe hit ice. He dropped to his
knees and fell back down toward the road, hitting Pilgrim hard.
Both horses and their riders landed in the road.

Just then, a large truck came round the corner. The sound of the
horn made Pilgrim go crazy. He lifted his front legs toward the
truck, and grace was thrown onto the road.
Grace's father, Robert, found a message on the answering
machine, which made him go cold. Soon after that, he phoned
Annie, his wife, at her office. "Grace is in the hospital. She's
very badly hurt. Judith is dead."
When annie arrived at the hospital, Robert said, "She's going to
be al right, but her leg must be taken off."

Part2
Grace came home on Christmas Day short visit from the hospital. She showed little interest in the hundreds of presents that she received from her friends.
The next morning, Robert, Annie, and Grace went to see Pilgrim. They opened the door of the stable. “No! Oh, no!”
Grace shouted. Pilgrim’s eyes were bloody and crazy. There were terrible cuts on his face.
Several weeks later, Grace was getting better physically. She could walk quite well now with the help of her crutches. But something was wrong inside. Annie could see that something inside her daughter was slowly dying.
“If Pilgrim were all right, he would be a great help to Grace,” she said to herself.
Annie looked for someone to calm Pilgrim’s troubled heart.
One day, she heard of Tom Booker, a horse whisperer in Montana. Horse whisperer can understand horses. They can calm the most troubled horses just by talking to them.

Part3
Tom Booker could see how much Grace and Pilgrim were joined in their suffering.
“If I could help the horse, I could also help Grace,” he thought. Tom decided to do something for them.
Day after day, he stayed with Pilgrim in the arena for some time.
Weeks passed, but nothing changed. When Tom came near Pilgrim, the horse always moved away to a far corner.
One day, however, little by little Pilgrim came to Tom.
Tom was whispering something to Pilgrim. “Go on, Pilgrim. He won’t hurt you,” Grace thought. Pilgrim put his nose to Tom’s hands and smelled them.
Tom just stood there and let him.
At then moment, Grace was all happiness.
Pilgrim’s show of trust changed everything.
She knew that this change in herself was going to stay with her forever.
Tom called Grace into the arena.
She held her hands out below the horse’s nose. There was fear on both sides.
Then Pilgrim put his nose to her hands and then to her face and hair.

すみません。
>>25
を見落としていました。

>>29〜31を教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/に書き込みます。

和訳お願いします。
すべて短文ですが、量がとても多いです…。


・She got deeply involved with the children's library.
・We regarded her as our leader of the movement.
・A lot of people got infected with the disease.
・The writer deals with water shortages in his book.
・They went on playing baseball in spite of the rain.
・To our surprise,he succeeded in sailing across the Atlantic.
・They escaped from the burning building by breaking down the door.
・He got in through the back door.
・The two countries have many thing in common.
・The problem lies in your behavior.
・He got up early so that he might catch the first train.
・It snowed three days on end.
・To my joy, my brother passed the entrance examination.
・We sight of the plane in the clouds.
・It won't be long before he arrives at the station.
・Every player has to go through hard training.

以上です。

◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
　　　　　　　　　　http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/



◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆

◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆



　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　教科書ガイド翻訳スレ17
　　　　　　　　　　http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/



◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆　重複スレッド　◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆

In short, government has finally refused to pay its debts, and has vir- tually absolved the banking system from that onerous duty. ,

　The children start coming into the school health center after first period. “I don't
feel well,” they complain. “I'm tired.” The nurse sighs. What is the matter with
these children? It's not fever, not flu. Pretending to be ill? Not that either.
How can elementary school children be so weakened so early in the day?
　It's not just this one school. Last year a survey of school students indicated more
than half routinely felt under the weather in the morning.. It also suggested a
probable cause − the children weren’t sleeping enough.
　Why not?　“Watching TV， ” said 28.7 percent of the respondents. “Studying,”said
18.4 percent. “No particular reason,” said 31.9 percent.
　Actually，there is a particular reason. The children get so little exercise during the
day that they aren’t tired enough for sleep at night. The lifestyle of children today
gives them no opportunity for physical effort.

和訳よろしくお願いします!!

　This is not good for the spine. Lack of exercise leaves the backbone so weak it
can barely support a child's weight.Teachers who see children slouching when
they stand and slumping when they sit suspect sullenness. Inattention and
disorderly behavior in class are generally blamed on emotional problems. But sitting
straight and paying attention require a physical strength many children may more or
less have.
　Everyone knows that children are less active and therefore not as strong as they
used to be. But no one appreciated just how bad the damage was. Recently the
teachers　were　shocked　by　the　results　of　the　testing　of　school　children's　spinal
strength.
　Spinal strength is important. It's what allows us to walk upright; in a sense，
therefore, it defines　us　as　a species.　If elementary　schools don't　start taking
children hiking or introducing some other exercise program， Japan will end up
“a country of monkeys."
　The problem is grave but easily solved， say optimists.“lf schools have pupils do
tug-of-war or sumo once a week,"they say， “spinal strength will soon recover."
Maybe so. But can today's children be induced to throw themselves into such
activities? Tug-of-war is a great sports day event, but once a week? As for sumo,
it's pretty remote from the lives of most preteens.

こちらも和訳お願いします!!

>>1
このスレッドはそもそもが教科書ガイドが出てない英語教科書の和訳をするスレッドだったのに、
現在では普通の「長文なんでも和訳スレッド」化してしまい、完全に重複スレッド状態。


長文和訳ならば、重複スレッドがある。

【長文OK】2ch英語→日本語part185
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1257773511/l50

もしひまだったら、翻訳を手伝っていい？　Part 3
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253259061/l50

>>1

こういう重複スレッド化の原因を作ったのはパート９を立てたバカ。


パート８までは１のテンプレで

【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 8 【無し】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1183876629/1

>【教科書の名前、ページ】
>原文ってな感じでよろしくお願いします


と、あったのに、パート９を立てたバカがこれを勝手に削って変えた。


【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ ９ 【無し】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1195552439/


そして、パート１０からはスレッド名まで変えた。

【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ １０
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1209756292/

これで単なる長文和訳依頼スレッドになって、重複スレッドが乱立。

【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ【無し】
http://academy3.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1093275301/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 2　【無し】
http://academy3.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1115062546/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ ３　【無し】
http://academy4.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1124530542/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 4　【無し】
http://academy4.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1137083694/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 5　【無し】
http://academy4.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1147566738/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 6　【無し】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1156584516/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 7　【無し】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1178564183/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ 8　【無し】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1183876629/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ ９ 【無し】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1195552439/
【教科書ガイド】教科書和訳スレ １０
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1209756292/
【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ１１
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1214022374/
【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ１２
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1223188289/
【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ１３
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1227045872/
前スレ　【ENGLISH】 - 【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ14
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1239510961/
前スレ　【ENGLISH】 - 【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ15
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1243745984/
【教科書ガイド】和訳スレ16
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1246722031/

>>1-38

∴　このままならば、重複スレッドだから、以下のスレッドに合流。


【長文OK】2ch英語→日本語part185
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1257773511/l50

もしひまだったら、翻訳を手伝っていい？　Part 3
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253259061/l50





教科書ガイドの出てない英語教科書の教科書ガイド（和訳）ならば、こういう具合に倉庫スレッドに和訳を蓄積。

【sage】高校教科書和訳倉庫【sage】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1150228887/　[dat]

☆★高校英語教科書「クラウン」を訳そう☆★
http://academy3.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1031755303/　[dat]

以下原文
｢世界の癌細胞糞白人に告ぐお前らは人種差別をすることしか脳がない劣等人種だ自覚して私の元で懺悔せよ|o|｣

翻訳サイトや辞書なので調べたのですが乱暴な文章なのでどうもしっくりした英訳文ができません
いろいろと外道ですが英訳してくだいよろしくお願いします

http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253259061/346-347

http://buy-soma.webgarden.com/

The Pilgrims left England on the famous ship, the Mayflower, in September 1620 and arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in December of the same year.
They had a very difficult time at first. Winter soon set in, and their food gave out. Many became sick and died.
One day, in early spring, an Indian appeared and said in English, "Welcome!" The Pilgrims were very much surprised.
The Indian knew a few more words of English and was able to explain that he had a friend who spoke English well.
In a few days this friend arrived. His name was Squanto. Squanto proved to be of great help to the Pilgrims in many ways.
The history of Squanto is very interesting. Some fifteen years earlier he and four other Indians had been picked up by an English ship and taken as prisoners to England.
Squanto remained in England for nine years. Then John Smith, having promised to return Squanto to his people, brought hin back to America in 1614.
However, there were two ships in Smith's party. After Smith left America for England in his own ship, the captain of the second ship, Thpmas Hunt, captured Squant again with fifteen other Indians and cerried them to Spain, where he sold them as slaves.
In Spain, Squanto was helped by some Spanish priests and finally mede his way back to England. There he worked as servant for another four or five years - until 1619, when he was again brought back to America.
He arrived in America about six months before the Pilgrims.
Squant's tribe had disappeared completely while he was away. It seems that a serious epidemic of some kind had broken out, and the whole tribe was wiped out.
For a time Squanto went to live with another tribe but was not happy there. When he met the Pilgrims, he seemed pleased to be among white people again.
He settled down immediately with them and stayed with them for the rest of his life.

come trueという教科書のLesson6です。
誰か和訳していただけないでしょうか。

>>46
>>42

come trueなんて英語教科書の名前は初めて聞いた。
出版社は脳内出版か？

>>46
ピルグリムファーザーズの一行は、1620年9月に有名な船、メイフラワーの乗
ってイングランドを発ち、同年の１２月に、マサチューセッツのプリマウスに
到着しました。彼らは、最初は非常に苦労しました。すぐに冬が始まりました。
そして、彼らの食物はなくなりました。多くの人々は病気になり、死にました。
春の初めのある日、１人のインディアンが現れて、英語で言いました。
「ようこそ！」ピルグリムファーザーズの一行はとても驚きました。そのイン
ディアンはあと少し英単語を知っていて、彼には上手に英語を話す友人がいると
説明することができました。
二、三日後に、この友人は到着しました。彼の名前は、スクワントでした。
スクワントは、様々な点でピルグリムファーザーズの一行にとって大いに
役立つことがわかりました。
スクワントの履歴は、非常に面白いです。約15年前、彼と4人の他のインディ
アンは、イギリスの船に拾い上げられて、イングランドへ囚人として連れて
行かれました。
スクワントはイングランドに９年留まりました。それから、ジョン・スミスは、
彼の身内にスクワントを返すと約束して、1614年に彼をアメリカに連れ戻しました。
しかし、スミスの党派には2台の船がありました。スミスは自分自身の船でアメ
リカからイングランドへ向かったあと、第2の船トマス・ハントの艦長が15人
の他のインディアンと再びスクワントを捕えて、スペインに彼らを運び、そこで、
彼は奴隷として彼らを売りました。スペインでは、スクワントは何人かの
スペインの聖職者によって助けられて、ついにイングランドに戻りました。
そこで、彼はさらに4、5年、使用人として働きました。彼が再びアメリカに
連れ戻された１６１９年まででした。彼はおよそ６年後にアメリカに戻りま
したが、そのときにはスクワントの部族は彼がいない間に完全に消えていま
した。ある種の重い流行病が起こったようです。そして、種族全部が絶滅しま
した。しばらく、スクワントは別の種族と一緒に暮らしに行きましたが、
そこでは幸せでありませんでした。彼がピルグリムファーザーズの一行に会っ
たとき、彼は白人の中にいられることが嬉しかったようです。彼は彼らと
すぐに落ちついて、彼らと一緒に余生を過ごしました。

ここは重複スレッドだから、以下のスレッドに合流。


【長文OK】2ch英語→日本語part185
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1257773511/l50

もしひまだったら、翻訳を手伝っていい？　Part 3
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253259061/l50






教科書ガイドの出てない英語教科書の教科書ガイド（和訳）ならば、こういう具合に倉庫スレッドに和訳を蓄積。

【sage】高校教科書和訳倉庫【sage】
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1150228887/　[dat]

☆★高校英語教科書「クラウン」を訳そう☆★
http://academy3.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1031755303/　[dat]

ORBIT　English ReadingのThe　King and His soldierです
誰か和訳よろしくお願いします。

Once there was a king who had a strong army.
Once day a young man came to the king's army.
He was tall and very strong. "He is just the man for the army."said
the commander of the army. I'll make him into a good soldier."
So the tall young man became a member of the king's army.
One morning,the commander said to the young soldier:"Tomorrow the king will visit the army.
He always asks new soldiers three questions in the same order.
"The king's first question is "How old are you?" You must answer,"Twenty-one."
"To the second question,"How many years have you been in my army?'
You must say,"one year."
"The king's last question is "Have you had good food and a good time since you joined my army?
You must answer,"Both."

>>51
昔、強い軍隊を持った王様がいました。ある日、その王様の軍隊に若い男が
やってきました。彼は背が高くとても力がありました。「彼は軍隊にぴったり
の男だ」と軍の司令官が言いました。「我輩は彼をよい兵隊にするぞ」ある朝、
司令官が若い男に言いました。彼は新兵に同じ順序で３つ質問をします。
王様の最初の質問は「お前は何歳か？」です。あなたは「２１才です」と答えなけ
れなりません。第二の質問は「我輩の軍隊に何年いるのか」です。「１年です」
と言わなければなりません。王様の最後の質問は「我輩の軍隊に入隊してから、
美味い食事をして、楽しく過ごしているか」です。「両方ともです」と答えなけ
ればなりません。

>>51-52
>>50

>>50
追加
教科書翻訳スレ
http://academy6.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/english/1253629138/l50

よろしくお願いします。

The conference room window overlooks a line of floor-to-ceiling, gleaming steel flasks.
The steel feels chilly but not cold; the warehouse-like space they inhabit is unheated in the Arizona "winter".
But don't lift the inner styrofoam lid and stick your hand in: they are filled with liquid nitrogen, which boils at 77 degrees Kelvin (-196C).
From a nitrogen storage tank, a pipeline snakes along the ceiling sending a runner to each flask - more correctly, "dewar" - to top it up.

Most of the dewars are occupied. This is a little eerie. We are at Alcor, the cryonics organisation.
The dewars' 79 occupants were - possibly will have been - people with a dream: that given enough time, medical science will advance enough to cure them of whatever killed them.
To pay for their decades - centuries, possibly - at temperatures cold enough to prevent decomposition, they bought life insurance policies of between $75,000 (£38,500) and $100,000.
Legally, they are dead. To Alcor's staff, they are "patients".

Cryonics is a small community.
The two largest cryonics organisations, Alcor and Michigan-based Cryonics Institute, together poll about 1,600 members.
Alcor has 79 patients and 33 pets in cryopreservation; CI has 85 patients and 50 pets.

Grand dream

Science was always going to be slow to fulfill a dream as grand as this.
First, cryopreservation techniques need to improve so patients' bodies
- and especially their brains, the repositories of memory and personality -
suffer minimal damage. Second, the medical techniques for revival, such as cures for Aids, cancer and heart disease, must be developed.
Many cryonicists opt to preserve only their heads, hoping for revival technology good enough to give them new, younger bodies.
However, there are not even animal experiments to bolster the idea. Nobody has yet frozen and revived any mammal.

続きです。

But the dream no longer seems quite as lunatic as it did in 1962, when Robert Ettinger's The Prospect of Immortality launched the modern cryonics movement.
But because cryonics is so small, it has little funding for research.

The area of most immediate concern to cryonicists is improvements in preservation techniques: less damage at the beginning means an easier eventual repair job.
The key technique, which came into use in 2001, is vitrification.

Ice cream that's melted and refrozen develops ice crystals. So do human bodies, where crystals can tear through delicate tissues.
As one cryonicist puts it: "We didn't evolve to be frozen." Vitrification avoids this by replacing the blood with a mixture of antifreeze-like chemicals
known as cryoprotectants via a machine like the cardio-pulmonary bypass devices used in hospitals. The right mixture at the right temperature, between -90C and -130C,
becomes a smooth solid, like glass - hence vitrification.

This process and the cryoprotectants used vary between Alcor and CI; Alcor's cryoprotectants were developed and published by 21CM, a media-shy Florida-based company
whose website stresses vitrification's usefulness to organ banks. Published research has shown that vitirication preserves the brain's structure remarkably well.

The downside is that cryoprotectants are toxic. In addition, vitrified human flesh tends to fracture. These are, respectively, the key areas for ongoing research to Ben Best, CI's president, and Alcor.
Tanya Jones, director of operations at Alcor, says the cause of the fractures isn't clear, but that at least a few large fractures are easier to repair than many small ones.

The other problem is that it's illegal to vitrify someone while they're medically alive. So the teams have to wait for someone to be declared dead before they can go to work with vitrification.

続きです。

Meantime, medical research throws up a new and promising headline almost every day.
Last year, scientists at the J Craig Venter Institute successfully transferred an entire genome from one bacterium to another.
In Maryland recently, scientists built an entire microbial chromosome.

Or take, for example, the work being done by Lance Becker, director of the Penn Center for Resuscitative Medicine.
Becker is not directly concerned with cryonics, but it's easy to see connections.
Becker wants to extend today's five-minute window for successful resuscitation after the heart stops.

"Fundamentally," he says, "what we are focused on is bringing people back to life from death or near-death, and reinventing or revolutionising the way we approach that."
Becker's key discovery is that cells don't die during that five-minute window. The real damage comes when the heart restarts and oxygen floods the tissues, a process known as reperfusion.

"It's pretty well accepted that at the point at which the usual human being gets pronounced dead, all their cells are alive
. It's a very eerie question: if all their cells are alive, what is death?" says Becker. Besides, if all the patient's cells are alive,
why can't the patient recover and walk out of the hospital? "With our current therapies we can't do it."

One option, says Becker, is cooling the patient - by a few degrees, not to cryonic extremes
- to buy time, an idea he says has been around for thousands of years. In studies, dogs and mice cooled before reperfusion have recovered better.
"We believe it prevents reperfusion injury."

続きです。
Cooling, he adds, is much quicker if you cool the blood directly, either by injecting a slurry of micro-ice particles or by using a bypass machine.
Imagine, he says, a soldier in the Iraq war, bleeding to death while you watch. "If you could zap, perfuse him, put him on a plane, wing him to a major hospital and fix him all up - that's not at all crazy."

Mad or prescient?

That idea is in fact close to Jones's vision. "If we succeed in our mission," she says, "cryonics will become a process carried out in hospitals by medical staff for much shorter times."

That in itself is a change from the early days, when cryonicists more often aspired to immortality, not just more life.
In addition, the demographics are changing. Formerly, most cryonicists were young, male and geeky. Now, Alcor gets whole families.

The important unknown is: Can a cryosuspended brain, warmed and revived, retain the memories and personality of its owner?
Until this is proven - in a dog, if not a human - cryonicists don't know if they're mad or prescient. How long before we know?

Best says: "I think within 30 years we'll see a successful revival, but the people revived then would be cryopreserved 30 years from now."
Last in, first out: the earliest patients to be cryopreserved suffered the worst damage. James Bedford,
who in 1967 became the first person ever to be cryonically suspended and who is now at Alcor, was barely perfused at all.
"For the people being cryopreserved now, under the best conditions, my guess is 50 to 100 years."
Given the current rate of medical progress and research into nanotechnology, says Jones: "If we haven't done it in 100 years, it's not going to work."

以上です。よろしくお願いします。

>>55-58
なんという教科書のどの部分ですか？

あぁ、すみません！

Reading the World through The Times and The Guardian　-タイムズとガーディアンで読む今日の世界-　という教科書名です。

音羽書房鶴見書店の発行です！

そして先の英文は、その教科書の五つ目の英文で、人体の冷凍保存について書かれた文章です。

the fact that the hippocampal slice is the most commonly used slice preparation today
(Figure 1.1). The attraction of this slice is due to its clearly layed-out cytoarchilecture,
where the cell bodies lie in various clearly visible cell bands, and dendritcs make con-
tact with fibers from known origin. A lot is known about the histology, as well as the
pharmacology of the different areas of the hippocampus. Even though the hippocampus
is the most widely used slice preparation, many others have been established in the last
ten years. It is theoretically possible to cut any sort of slice from any region of the central
nervous system.


訳お願いします

Figure 1.1 SchematJc drawing of a parasagtttal hlppocampal shce. Shaded areas indicate
where the cell bodies of the principal excitatory cells are found, i.e. in areas CA1, CA3 and the
granule cell layer of the dentate gyms. The remaining area within the slice contains internet!-
rons and axons making synaptic contact onto the dendhtes of the pyramidal cells. The Now of
excitation within the hippocampus is indicated by the smaH arrows.

SLICING PROCEDURE

'It is perhaps on this topic more than others where myths, unfounded dogmas, and
notions based on intuition or anecdotal evidence tend to influence the choice of method*
(Algcr et al.. 1984). Despite the many different procedures employed, the main goal is
to prepare a slice of tissue where (he neurons, fibers, synapses and glia that are impor-
tant-to the experiment are in a viable condition.
The animals used in preparing slices are most often small rodents: guinea pig, rat
mM wim^. k appears fet vo>uagQf sinmiate pi^ufe^ bauat i^ukh ikm njitekr LMoraiife

mainly because they are more resistant to the traumatic and ischaemic insult of the slic-
ing procedure. It scans that the speed of dissection is not nearly as important as the care
taken in removing and slicing the tissue. Several studies point to the fact that the actual
cutting of the tissue is the critical step. The removal of the brain tissue is done after
decapitation of the animal or during deep anaesthesia. Decapitation tends to be slower
but less bloody, and it seems to yield superior results.
Once the tissue is removed, it is normally cooled down to temperatures around 2-4ｰC
by placing it in ice-cold oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) to minimize
metabolic activity. The piece of tissue is then cut with a scalpel to obtain the desired
tissue orientation and then glued onto a stage using cyano-acrylic glue. Cutting is then
done in ice-cold ACSF using a vibratome, a mechanical instrument which cuts by slowly
moving a laterally vibrating blade through the brain tissue. These instruments were orig-
inally designed for the preparation of histological specimens. The rate of advance and
vibration amplitude of the blade are best set at the maximum values that will permit rapid
cutting without compressing or 'pushing' the tissue. Small blocks of agar (2-5ffc made
up in ACSF) can be glued onto the stage for additional support.

A 'standard* slice is cut at 400 /<m thickness. This thickness is a compromise between
retaining the cytoarchitecture and visibility, and the diffusion distances for oxygen and
glucose. It can be shown that the limiting thickness of a cerebeliar slice is about 450 /xm
at 37ｰC. Regions of the slices that are thicker than this value exhibit centrally-located
nccrotic cells, suggestive of hypoxic damage. This limiting thickness may vary in dif-
ferent brain regions according to the particular tissue demands.
After cutting, the slices usually need to be trimmed away from the surrounding tissue
with fine scissor* and forceps. The slices are then incubated at a temperature of around
36ｰC for at least forty minutes. Oxygenation and normal pH are maintained by bubbling
the ACSF with 95^ (ty5% CO2. This allows the tissue to 'recover* from the damage
imposed by the preparation and adjust to the new extracellular milieu as well as to the
changed metabolic activity. It has been suggested that during the incubation period cel-
lular enzymes are released which help 'soften' the surface of the slice. This seems to be
important for whole-cell recording. Following the recovery period, the slices arc main-
tained at room temperature to keep metabolic activity low.
SLICE CHAMBERS

For experimental use slices must be kept in an environment providing appropriate oxy-
genation, pH , osmolarity, and temperature. In addition , depending on the techniques used,
it is necessary to have excellent visual control, good mechanical access and stability.
Most commonly used chambers allow the supervision of ACSF across the slice. This
imposes special demands on the mechanical stability of the supcrfusion system.
There are two different supcrfusion chamber designs where the slice either rests on
a net at the gas-liquid interface (so-called "interface chamber*) or is totally submerged
(/submersion chamber*). The best design depends on the particular experimental require-
ments. Submersion chambers are normally used for whole-cell patch recording, whereas

TEMPERATURE
Although the body temperature of small rodents is around 38ｰC, most investigators main-
tain the slices at 3O-35ｰC in the experimental chamber. There are two reasons for this.
Firstly, it has been found that preparations survive longer, and in a healthier state at the
lower temperature. Secondly, the higher humidity resulting from wanner solutions leads
to the formation of droplets on recording and stimulating electrodes. These tend to fall
off and result in mechanical instability during recordings, Many people tend to work at
room temperature. However, as most of the biological processes have a Q,o of about 2,
working at room temperature will slow biological processes down to half their normal
values. Most affected are ionic currents and synaptic transmission.
CELL VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUES
The real advantage of the slice is its accessibility, especially the visibility of structures

such as cell body layers. If individual cells are being sought, slices are normally cut to
a thickness of less than 250 /*m (thin slice technique). Thin slices allow a greater opti-
cal resolution due to the smaller effect from light scattering. The slices may also be
obtained from younger animals because they have thinner myclin sheets which also
improves visibility. Slices are placed in a chamber on the stage of an upright microscope.
Inverted microscopes are not preferred due to the problems encountered when trying to
visualize the approach of recording electrodes and stimulating electrodes to the tissue.
The cells and parts of the dendrites can be visualized using a 40 times high numerical
aperture, long working distance water immersion objective. To further improve the con-
trast between different cells, Nomarski or Hoffman optical arrangements are preferred.
Newer approaches make use of the properties of infrared light (750-850 nm). The
basic theory behind this technique is the fact that brain tissue is much more translucent
to longer wavelengths. This increases the transparency for cellular visualization. Infrared
microscopy (Dodt & Zieglgansberger, 1990) can easily be implemented on a normal
microscope by using a band-pass filter blocking light with a wavelength of less than
750 nm and longer than 1050 nm as the longer wavelength will heat the slice

The image
produced by the optics is then projected to an infrared sensitive video camera and the
image generated is displayed on a video monitor. Optical resolution can be further
improved by digital image processing.
ASSESSMENT OF SLICE PREPARATIONS
'Despite worries about the suitability of slices for certain studies and the problems that
an isolated in vitro preparation introduces into interpretation of data, investigators should
remember that virtually all experimental preparations in vivo as well as in vitro, chronic
as well as acute introduce intcrprctational difficulties. The most satisfying validation of
slice phenomena has been the general finding that in vitro studies arc similar to in vivo
investigations. Clearly, this reasoning is somewhat circular, and our criteria for useful
data are invariably arbitrarily set/ (Alger et al.. 1984). There are, however, some help-
ful techniques to evaluate the suitability and viability of slices.

Histology

A clearly, well-defined cytoarehitecture, like that found in the hippocampus or the cere-
bellum can help in assessing slices. Without staining, highly translucent cell bands,
ill-formed borders and "mushy* consistency are indicative of swollen cells and are a bad
omen. Obviously, there is always some necrosis present in a slice due to the cutting
damage to the tissue. However, the necrotic tissue should not extend more than about
100 /im into the slice. Vital dyes, like trypan blue, are not taken up by viable cells,
however they deeply stain necrotic tissue. Such dyes can give reliable guidance in the
assessment of the viability of slices during an experiment. Post-experimental processing
of tissue material based on histological stainings can help in assessing the extent of tissue
damage, necrosis and oedema.
Elect rophysiology

あげげ

一文だけ意味がわからないのでお願いします。
It must be recognized that this is a retrenchment
in our earlier ideal of understanding nature.

>>72
> 一文だけ意味がわからないのでお願いします。
> It must be recognized that this is a retrenchment
> in our earlier ideal of understanding nature.

前後の文脈がないと正しくないかもよ

>>72
これは一種の削減だと認識しなければならない。
我々の初期の自然理解の理想において。。。

細かいニュアンスは自分で調節します。ありがとうございましたｗ

どうかよろしくお願いします

Even at age 35, Ichiro runs so well that opponents must play their infielders closer to home plate than speedsters who are 10 years younger.
"What impresses me the most about 'Ich' is all the infield hits he gets," Mariners teammate Ken Griffey Jr. said.
"He has an arsenal of weapons that most of us don't have.
He can beat out a ball he barely hits, he can hit home runs and drive balls into the gaps.
It was fun watching him on TV when I was in Cincinnati. It's even more fun watching him [in person]."
Ichiro hits line drives all over the place, but even when he doesn't hit a ball solidly, he can still beat it out for a hit.
He makes one of the toughest things in the sport to do -- hitting a baseball -- look easy.
"Nothing in baseball is easy," he said. "I am always playing at a fine line between beating the opponent or being defeated."

出典
http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20090720&content_id=5958220&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb

なんだこのスレは？
教科書ガイド買えばすむのに買わない人ばかりなの？

それに明らかに中学、高校教科書からでない要求も少なくないし。

スレ違いだったようなので
>>76の依頼を取り消します
失礼しました

てｓｔ

If you were among the large number of people who shouted,"What an inspiration that my dog is,"you were right.
But if you said," Ah,poor dog," you were wrong.

What〜のところをどう訳していいかわかりません。
場面は、ある犬が交通事故にあってしまったところです。
どなたかお願いします。

unicorn �Tのlangagefocus の訳ってどこにありますか？

First dismissed as romantic and unrealistic, the Gaia hypothesis has since gained
more adherents as scientists came to realize that the hypothesis was quite powerful
in helping to predict scenarios for the future. Some of the predictions are based on
common sense. Fishing communities, for example, understand that, as their
population grows, they catch less fish. They understand that natural resources are
not infinite, that when you take from the sea and do not give anything back, its
resources are depleted. What members of fiishing communities may not see are the
other chain reactions that lead to the dwindling of other marine resources besides
fish, and to changes in the sea itself. It is harder to see how changes in the marine
environment will affect all other aspects of life on the planet, on land and in the
atmosphere.

82の続きです
The Gaia theory forces us to think of nature as a total system. Who would have
thought that turning forest lands into coconut plantations in St. Bernard town in
Southern Leyte province back in the 1920s would eventually converge with other
developments ― growing population, the loss of other trees and, finally, the heavy
rainfall ― to cause the landslide? Its organic balance having been challenged,
nature had to make a tough "choice." In this case nature did not "punish" humans; it
simply did away with the mountain, allowing it to fall to the earth where several
thousand people just happened to live.

83の続きです
When the environment comes under severe pressure, humans actually become
quite dispensable. We are the greatest sources of stress for the planet, and yet we
are really quite inessential to its survival in the long run. The Gaia hypothesis
reminds us that we have to be conscious of how our decisions and solutions relate to
the entire life, that is to say, the planet.

以上です、よろしくお願いします

MAIN STREAMのlesson8,9の和訳ありますか？

すみません85です
MAIN STREAM�Uのlesson8,9です

英語教科書和訳倉庫: ﾒｲﾝｽﾄﾘｰﾑ�U
http://web.archive.org/web/20080822122633/umewakabashi.cocolog-nifty.com/blog/cat3669383/index.html

お願いします。最後のmountainはどう訳したらいいですか？

I learned a lot of words for food and figured out the kanji for mountain.

>>88

>>1を百回音読して出直せ

神様助けてください！！
スレ15、16でずっと放置されたままでした(；´Д｀)

Part1

In America the imagination is generally looked on
as something that might be useful when the TV is
out of order. Poetry and plays have no relation to
practical politics. Novels are fbr students, housewives,
and other people who don't work. Fantasy is for
children and primitive peoples. Literacy is for
reading the operating instructions.
I think the imagination is the single most useful tool
humankind possesses. I can't imagine living without
my imagination.
I hear voices agreeing with me. "Yes, yes!" they
cry. "The creative imagination is a tremendous plus
in business! We value creativity, we reward it!" In
the marketplace, the word creativity has come to mean
the production of ideas to make larger profits. This
reduction in meaning has gone on so long that the
word crean've can hardly be degraded further. I
s don't use it any more, yielding it to capitalists and
academics to abuse as they like. But they can't
have imag'nation.
Imagination is not a means of making money. It is
a fundamental way of thinking, an essential means
of becoming and remaining human. It is a tool of the
mind.

Part2

We have to learn to use the imagination. Children
have imagination to startwith, as they have body,
is intellect,the capacity for language. They need
exercises. ln imagination as they need exercise in all
the basic skills of life, bodily and mental.
This need continues as long as the mind is alive.
All of us have to learn
how to invent our lives, make them up, imagine them.
We need to be taught these skills; we need guides
to show us how. If we don't, our lives get made up
for us by other people.
Human beings have always joined in groups to
imagine how best to live and help one another carry
out the plan. The essential function of human commu-
nity is to arrive at some agreement on what we need,
what life ought to be, and then teach our children so
that they can go on the way we think is the right way.
Small communities with strong traditions are
usually clear about the way they want to go, and
good at teaching it. But tradition may crystallize
imagination as dogma, forbidding new ideas. Larger
communities, such as cities, open up room for
people to imagine alternatives, learn from people of
different traditions, and invent their own ways to live.

Part3

As alternatives proliferate, however, those who take
the responsibility of teaching find little social and
moral consensus on what they should be teaching-
what we need, what life ought to be. In our time
there are too many people who want to own us, shape
and control us through seductive and powerfu1 media.
It's a lot to ask of a child to find a way through all
that, alone. Nobody can do anything very much, really,
alone.
What a child needs, what we all need, is to find
some other people who have imagined life along lines
that make sense and that also allow some freedom,
and listen to them. Not hear passively, but listen.
Reading is a means of listening. Reading is not as
passive as hearring or viewing. It's an act: you do it. You
read at your pace, your own speed, not the ceaseless,
incoherent, gabbling, shouting rush of the media. You
take in what you can and want to take in, not what
they shove at you so fast and hard and loud that
you're overwhelmed. And though you're usually
alone when you read, you are in communion with
another mind. You've joined in an act of the
imagination.

Part4

When children are taught to read and understand
the literature of their people, their imagination is
getting a very large part of the exercise it needs.
Nothing else does as well, not even the other arts.
We are a wordy species. Words are the wings
both intellect and imagination fiy on. To train the
mind to take off from immediate reality and return
to it with new understanding and new strength,
there is nothing like poem and story. Through story,
every culture defines itself and teaches its children
how to be people and members of their people.
The media are so controlled by advertising and
profiteering that even the best people who work in
them get drowned out by the endless rush for
novelty, by the greed of the entrepreneurs. Much of
literature remains free of such control. Many poets
and novelists continue to be motivated less by the
desire for gain than by the wish to practice their
art-make something well, get something right.
Books remain comparatively, and amazingly, honest
and reliable.
The reason literacy is important is that literature is
the operating instructions. The best manual we have.
The most useful guide to the country we're visiting,
life.

大変長いですがよろしくお願いします。

>>90
アメリカでは想像力は一般にテレビが故障した時に役立つかもしれない物と見なされいて
る。詩歌と演劇は実際の政治には何の関係も持たない。小説は学生や主婦、そして仕事を
していない人たちのための物だ。空想(fantasy)は子供や未開な(primitive)民族のための物
である。字が読めると言うことは取扱説明書を読むためのものである。私は想像力こそ人
類が持っているただ一つのいちばん役に立つ道具だと考えている。私は自分の想像力なし
に生きることが想像できない。私には賛同の声が聞こえる。「そうだ、そうだ」と声が叫ん
でいる。
「創造的な想像力はビジネスにおいてとてつもないプラスとなる。私たちは創造性を高く
評価し、それに褒賞を与えます」　市場においては、創造性(creativity)という言葉は、さ
らなる利益をもたらすための考えを生み出すこと、を意味するようになってしまった。意
味におけるこの格下げがあまりに長く続いたので、このcreativeという言葉はもはやこれ
以上貶めることができないほどになってしまった。私はもうその言葉を使わないで、資本
家や学者たちに好きなだけ虐待させることにした。しかし、彼らには想像力がない。想像
力は金を稼ぐ手段ではない。想像力とは考える基本的な方法であり、人間になり人間であ
り続ける基本的な手段である。

>>91
我々は想像力を使うことを学ばねばならない。子供たちは、肉体や知性、言語能力を持っ
ているように、まず初めから想像力を持っている(is intellect ?)。彼らには訓練が必要だ。
想像力でも、全ての基礎的な生活技能と同じように、肉体面と精神面の訓練が（必要だ）。
この訓練の必要性は心が生き続ける限り続く。我々はみんな、自分たちの生活を生み出し
(invent)、作り上げ、それを想像することを学ばねばならない。我々はこれらの技能を教え
てもらう必要がある。つまり、我々にはそのやり方を見せてくれる案内人が必要なのだ。
そうでなければ、我々の人生は他の人たちによって作り上げられてしまう。人類はずっと
集団に参加して、どう生き、どうしてお互いに計画を実行するのを助け合うのが最善なの
かを想像してきた。人間社会の基本的な役割は、我々に必要な物は何か、生活がどうある
べきか、について何らかの合意点に到達し、それから子供たちを教育して、我々が正しい
と思うやり方で（子供たちが）生きていけるようにしていくことである。強い伝統を持つ
小さな社会においては、たいてい彼らの求める生き方は明確で、その教え方も上手い。し
かし、伝統は想像力を教義として具体化し、新しい思想を禁止するかもしれない。都市の
ような、より大きな社会では、人々が他の選択肢を想像したり、別の伝統を持つ人たちか
ら学んだり、自分の生き方を作り出すといった余地がある。

>>92
しかし他の選択肢が増加するにつれて、教育の責任者たちは自分たちが何を教えるべきか
ということ、つまり我々は何を必要としていて、我々の人生がどうあるべきかということ、
に対しての社会的、倫理的な合意（意見の一致）が得られにくくなる。我々の時代（=現代）
においては、誘惑的で強力なメディアを通して、私たちを所有し、形作り(shape)、コント
ロールしたいと思う人たちが多すぎるのだ。子供に対してそのなかで一つの方法（生き方）
を一人で見つけるように要求するのは荷が重過ぎる。本当に誰も一人ではあまり何も出来
ないのだ。子供が必要とすること、我々の誰もが必要とすることは、道理にかなった、い
くらかの自由を許すという方向性をもった生き方を想像した人を見つけること、そして彼
らの言葉を聞くことだ。ただ受身的に聞き流すだけではなく、しっかりと聞くのである。
読書はしっかり聞くという一つの手段だ。読書は聞き流すことや、さっと見るような受身
的なことではない。読書は行動である。人はそれを「する」のだ。人はその人のペースで
読む。人それぞれの速さで。メディアのような休むこともない、支離滅裂で、早口で、叫
びたてるような調子ではない。人は取り入れることができ、取り入れたい物を取り入れる
のであって、こちらが圧倒されるほどに速く激しく大声で彼らが押し付けるものを取り入
れるのでない。そして、人は読書する時にはたいてい一人であるはずなのに、他の人の心
と交流している。想像力の活動に参加したのである。

>>93
子供たちが本を読み、その国民の文学を理解することを教えられる時、彼らの想像力は
それが必要とするかなり多くの量の訓練をしている。これほど効果的に（訓練を）行うも
のは他にない。他の芸術でさえもこれほどではない。我々は言葉の種族である。言葉は知
性と想像力の両方が舞い上がるための羽根なのだ。心が目の前の現実から離陸し、新しい
理解と新しい力強さを伴ってまた（現実に）戻ってくるように訓練するためには、詩歌や
物語ほど良いものはない。物語を通して、すべての文化は自分たちを定義し、子供たちに
どのようにしてその民族の民であり一員になるのかを教える。メディアは広告と利益の追
求にあまりにコントロールされているので、そこで働いている最良の人たちでさえ、新奇
さを求める終わりのない波と、企業の強欲さに溺れさせられてしまっている。文学のほと
んどがそのようなコントロールはない（自由なままである）。詩人や小説家の多くは利益の
追求よりは、何かを上手く作りたいとか何かを正しくやりたいというような、自分たちの
芸術を実践したいという願望を動機として働き続けている。本はいまでも比較的、そして
驚くほどに正直で信頼にたる物である。文学が重要である理由は文学が取扱説明書だから
だ。我々が持つ最高のマニュアルなのだ。我々が訪れている人生という国のいちばん役に
立つ案内人なのである。

お早い解答ありがとうございます(TдT）
本当に助かりました！

お願いします

Ed Johnson was born in 1917 in star,Illinois.
He received a degree in engineering from the University of Illinois in 1939.
Johnson served in the U.S.Army during Rorle War II,achieving the rank of major.
He earned a Silver Star for gallantry in action at Omaha Beach in the D-Day operation.
After the war, he returned to Star to work in the Stellar Television Company.
He was named president of the company in 1955.
He married Martha Hellman in 1948.
The johnsons had two children, Steven and Susan.

English economist，widely regarded as one of the greatest practitioners of the deductive method of analysis in economics．
He was born in London on　April 18，1772，to orthodox Jewish parents and studied from the age of 11 to 13 at the Talmud Torah attached to the Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam.
Ricardo became estranged fronm his family when he ｂｅｃａｍｅ a Unitarian and married a Quaker in 1793．
He was first employed by his father In the London Stock Exchange in 1786 and operated there independently from 1793 to 1816．
By 1813，he had amassed a large fortune and retired from business．
He served in the House of Coumons as the mem ber from Portarlington from 1819 umtil his death in Gloucestershire on September 11，1823．
Ricardo's most famous work，On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation，first appeared in 1817．
from the Encyclopedia Americana

The Stellar Television Company; Star, Illinois, and its citizens; and Congressman Frank Bates are products of the author's imagination.　
Any resemblance of these characters to any persons， living ordead, is purely coincidental.　
All of the other companies ahd people are real.
I have tried to portray them and the American economy as accurately as possible. Sources are found at the conclusion of the story, in Chapter 17.

続きです

INITIAL TRIAL
DATE: Septaember 11,1823
MAGISTRATE: Please state pertinent biographical detail.
DEFENDANT: I was born in 1772 and given the name David Ricardo. My mother, peace be upon her, named me after KingDavid, writer of psalms, sweet singer of Israel. She-
MAGISTRATE: Mr. Ricardo. Less lyricism. More facts. Occupation?
DEFENDANT: Iwas chiefly a financier, then later apolitician.
MAGISTRATE: Speak up, Mr. Ricardo. Your occupation will not be held against you. What do you consider your most important achievement while you were alive?
DEFENDANT: My theory of comparative advantage. Outlined in my 1817 book, On th{ Principles ofPolitical Economy and Taxation, the theory showed how nations benefit from free trade.
In addition, as a member of the British Parliament,I spoke numerous times on the dangers of protectionisnm and the benefits of free trade.
MAGISTRATE: Were your views heeded?
DEFENDANT: Not yet, but in time I believe-
MAGISTRATE: That will be all, Mr. Ricardo. You are sentenced to a period of wandering until further evidellce is brought to the attentioII of this court.

REQUEST FOR RETRIAL
DATE: Decenmber 18,1846
MAGISTRATE: Mr. Ricardo. You have requested this hearing to put forward additional evidence you believe relevant to your case.
DEFENDANT: Yes. I am happy to report that down below, my native country bf England has abolished the Com Laws that, protected British farmers from foreign conmpetition.
Irequest that the court consider reopening my case.
MAGISTRATE: Request dismissed. It js too early to tell if this change is temporary or permanent. In addition, do not virtually all nations outside of Britain stin practice extensive trade restrictions ?
DEFENDANT: Yes,but-
MAGISTRATE: That will be all, Mr. Ricardo.

最後です

REQUEST FOR TOUCHING DOWN
DATE: July 13,1960
MAGISTRATE: M. Ricardo. You have requested an opportunity to intervene in human affairs to remove your status as a wanderer. What evidcnce justines your request?
DEFENDANT: Ibelieve the United States is about to embark on apolicy of protectionism that will destroy the American economy.
I request one evening on Earth to help put America on the path of freer trade and prosperity.
MAGISTRATE: Request granted. You realize, Mr. ricardo, that a wanderer is allowed only one period of touchng doum during the pr'obationary period.
DEFENDANT: Yes, sir. I feel confident that-
MAGISTRATE; That will be all,Mr. Ricardo. Good luck. And Godspeed.


以上お願いいたします。

長文ですがお願いします。
その1

When our factory opened, a worker made $50 per week, and over at Willie's ApPliance Store, a Stellar television cost $250.
So it took a worker five weeks of work to earn
a television. Today, the average worker in that factory makes $100 per week and WiMe gets $200 foraStellar television-two weeks of work to earn a television.
That's how I measure our success-how many hours it takes one of you to earn one of our products. That number has been falling since the first year of operation.
That was Ed Johnson talking back in 1959, a year before I touched down. Ed's the chief executive othcer of Stellar Television Company.
Their headquarters are in Star, Illinois, the destination for nmy one night back on Earth.
If you had been dead for 137 years and had one evening back on Earth, you probably wouldn't head for a town of 100,000 people in nminois.
But Ed Johnson and Star hold the key to my future and America's.
I thought you'd like to get to know Ed and his company before I touched down.
Ed was speaking at the annual company. picnic, held every year in Johnson Park. They named the park for his father, who started the company.
Ed always has a great time. He brings the family, tears his pants sliding into second in th6 softball game, alld eats a lot of fried chicken and potato salad.
Ed gets along fine with the workers-he worked in the factory in high school before heading off to study engineering.
Stellar has three other factories around the state, but the one in Star's the biggest.
In a good month, the 5,000 workers in Star nmake 80,000 televisions.
As you can tell from Ed,s speech, Ed is pretty proud of his conmpally.
But walking home from the picnic, his wife Martha sensed something was wrong.
She waited umtil their two children ran up ahead and out of earshot.

What,s bothering you, dear?
Foreign competition･ Japanese televisions are coming into America.

その2です。
I almost had to lay off workers this month. And I may have to lowerwages and break the streak I talked about this afternoon.
Oh,honey, you're teasing. People know that "Made in Japan" means junk. No one is going to buy a Japanese television.
'Some are buying them now.'

The next moming, after a restiess night, Ed drove into Chicago and took a plane to Washington. He met wnh his congressman, Frank Bates.
He asked for a limit on imports Of Japanese televisions. Eliminating foreign competition would keep thejobs and wages of his workers safe.
"Well now, Ed,Ijust don't know. You've been good to me, always helping out with the campaign, and I appreciate that. But this kind of bill is tricky.
People want a level playing field. Competition is the American way of life. Playing tough with the Japanese isn't going to look good."
"That's nonsense, Frank. We invented the television. The Japanese stole it from us. Now they,re stealmg our jobs.
If good jobs go to Japan, what will we replace them with? What will happen to Star?
And what will happen to the companies around Chicago that supply us?
If Stellar Television closes, the trouble doesn,t end in Star, it just begins there! We can,tlet the Japanese get ahead.
"They'll get all the future inventions in electronios if our television industry disappears."
"I hear what you,re saying, Ed. Hey,I fought in the Paciic. Listen, Ed. There's serious talk of me making a real um at the White House.
I don't need some trade bill around my neck. Let me get in the White House, and then I can help."
"How are you going to um for president if people in your honme district are having trouble making ends meet? A bill like this can put you in the White House.
You just have to explain it right. Buying American will make America rich again."
"It sounds better when you put it that way. Let me think it over."

その3です。
Frank Bates thought it over and decided to sponsor a bill banning foreign televisions.
Every month another 80,000 televisions came off the line at Stellar Television, and every month there was more talk of Congressman Bates becoming President Bates someday.
His trade bill banning imports of televisions passed. He started speaking about a plan to keep out an foreign products entirely, to pass on the benefits to other industries, not just televisions.
That plan became the centerpiece of his presidential campaign. Ed Johnson did a lot of traveling and speaking for Frank Bates, defending protectionism.
By the suumer of 1960, Frank Bates was even money to get his party's. nomination. He asked Ed to make one of his nominaihg speeches at the convention.
Ed hesitated, but riFrank explained that his staff would write the speech for him.
Ed would talk about the glory of America and the importance of protecting basic American indusuies from foreign competition.
He'd explain how Frank's economic policies would lead to prosperity for all,just as it had for Stellar's workers and the citizens of Star. It didn't seem too difficult. Ed said yes.
The night before his plane was due to leave for the convention in Los Angeles, Ed Johnnson tossed and tumed in bed, unable to sleep.
He had practiced his speech. Ms wife and kids were healthy and asleep on a July night in Illinois. His workers had never fared better.
Stellar televisions were selling for $300, but his workers earned up to $200 a week, working only a week and a half to earn a television.
The plant was at full capacity, and there had been talk of expanding. What was bothemig Ed Johnson?

その4です。

At 2:00 A.M. Ed headed downstairs for a glass of milk and a piece of chocolate cake. He went back upstairs to the den, talking to himself.
He walked over to the hi-fi, put oll Frank Sinatra,s Only the Lonely, and placed the needle on the mournful "One for My Baby."
"Never did like government," he muttered. "I admit that quota bill sure has been good for Stellar Television. But I'm worried about a bill that wpuld lmit all foreign imports.
Televisions are different. Electronics are the future of America. But al1･products? Maybe it won't turn out so well."
That was my cue. So while Ed was pacing the room,Igot the Magistrate to approve my request to come back to Earth for a night. When I popped into the leather armchair in the corner.
Ed didn't see me at first;
he was too busy digging a trench in the carpet. When I finally caught his eye, he came to a full stop and gave out a snort of breath. His words of greetMg Were a nervous staccato.
"Whoa, my friend, who the hell are you?,"
l had not heard much profanity from Ed Johnson in all the years l had observed him. Arriving unannounced in a man,s den at two in the morning willjar even the most peaceful spirit.
"My name is David,but you can call me Dave. I'm-"
"Look here, Dave," said Ed gently, "are you hungry? There,s fried chicken downstairs. How about a piece?"
Ed had taken me for a beggar of some kind, looking for a warm place to stay and a meal. No call to the authorities. Just an offer of help.
"Thank you kindly, Mr. Johnson. I wish I could accept your offer, I truly do. Where I come from, we don't get hungry."

その5です

"Plenty to eat where you come fronm, then?', asked Ed in a nervous voice. The temperature had fallen in the room and Ed began checking the windows while he was talking, looking for a draft.
"The windows are all fine, Mtr. Johnson. That draft you're feelmg is my doing, I'm afraid. It's a natural consequence when a wanderer touches down."
"A wanderer?"
"Yes.Mr Johnson, have you ever seen It's a VVonderfal Life?"
"Of course. See it every Christmas. One of my favorite movies."
"You remember Clarence in that film?"
"Sure. Clarence was George Bailey,s guardian angel. Great how he got his whgs in the end. Now, Dave, let's head downstairs. I'm sure there,s somethng in the icebox to interest you."
"I'm afraid it doesn't quite work that way."

"What doesn't work what way?"
"Getting the wings. Mr. Capra was merely being fanciful."
"Is that so?" Ed reached for the telephone on his desk. "Why won't this phone work?" Ed asked, speaking to himself
"Probably my doing, thoughIdaresayIcan't explain it. More in your line of work, I would venture. Electricity, televisions-"
"Listen, Mr. David whatever-your-last-name-is-"
"Rikicardo."
"Listen, Mr. Kcardo, if you've cut my phone line,Iam going to lose my sense of humor-"
"Calm down, Mr. Jokmson. Remember in lt's a Wonderfal Life how Clarence proves he's an angel? Ijust have to do somethng similar for you."
"Why don't you tell nme why I'm eating milk and chocolate cake?"
"Not too difficult. When you were a boy, you used to go downstairs with your father on the pretext of makmg sure the lights were out. He would give you a glass of milk and a piece of chocolate cake.
You and Steven have continued the ritual, but tonight, it is too late for Steven."

Ed sat down. I'd gotten his attention.
"Parlor tricks are so demeatmg, Ed. May I call you Ed? I know you very well, far better than one who would know about the scar on your knee from that nasty fall as a child.
Such knowledge does not establish my unearthly origins-a man with enough nerve and gumption could uncover such a detail.
No, Ed, my ear is more finely tuned than you can inmagine.
I know of your dreams for your son Steven and how you yearn to see your daughter Susan safe and secure.
I, too, had such dreams for my children.Iknow your uneasiness at thne thought of your alliance with Mr. Bates.
You tossed and turned in bed tonight because of guilt, wasn't it?
Guilt at knowing you had turned to others for help, that you sought unfair advantage for your company... "
Ed Johnson's gaze had softened, and I knew I had struck home.
"Patience, Ed. You,ll have real cause for guilt before the night is through. But you will have a chance for redemption that few men are given. "
"I am at your service."
"We are going to travel in time. I am going to show you what will become of America if Frank Bates fails in his bid for the presidency.
If Frank Bates becomes president of the United States, America will become increasingly protectionist.
Instead,I am going to show you the America of increasingly free trade.
Perhaps when you see such a world, you will no longer support Frank Bates, and you will throw away that speech on your night table."
"I'm ready, Mr. rikicardo."
"Call me Dave."
"You don't have relatives in Cuba by any chance?"
"Cuba? I don't think so. Most of my relatives remain in England."
"The phrase 'Babaloo' doesn't mean anything to you, then?"
"ah, I catch the allusion. Very good, Ed. But I am afraid that is another Ricardo. No relation."
On that note, we soared into the future.

以上です。
一部でもいいのでよろしくお願いします。

The aging and death of leaves is natures way of saving water and growth chemicals from year to year.


お願いします

長いのですが和訳お願いします
Google defies China’s censors and risks being blocked. Its woes send a chilling message.
Economist, Mar 22nd 2010.
AFTER a couple of months of talks with the Chinese authorities,
Google announced on Monday March 22nd that it had stopped
censoring search results on its China portal, Google.cn,
and was automatically redirecting its users to Google.com.hk,
an uncensored portal in Hong Kong. The company said it
would try to maintain an advertising-sales operation in China,
and would continue research and development work there.
However, it acknowledged that the Chinese authorities might
block access to its site, in effect putting it out of business.
Google's decision follows several attempts to hack its e-mail
system, ever stronger censorship of its searches, legal
complaints tied to its digitisation of books, and always
a worrying sign in China growing vitriol in the state-controlled press.必要ないかもしれませんが原文です↓
ttp://www.economist.com/business-finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=15760510
よろしくお願いします

>>110
教科書的な訳じゃないけど、参考まで

Google、中国の検閲に逆らうも、排斥のリスク。同社の中国問題は萎縮効果も

中国当局との数ヶ月に及ぶ交渉の末、Googleは3月22日（月曜）、同社の
中国ポータルGoogle.cnで検索結果の検閲を中止し、香港拠点の検閲対象
となっていないポータルGoogle.com.hkにユーザ先を自動的に変更している
と発表した。同社によると、中国には広告・販売事業を据え置くつもりであり、
同国での研究開発は継続するとのことである。だが、中国当局が同社サイト
へのアクセスを遮断する恐れがあり、事実上同社の中国事業撤退となること
を認めた。今回のGoogleの決断の背景として、同社電子メールシステムに
対する度重なるハッキングの試みがあったことや、同社検索結果に対する
検閲がさらに厳しくなっていること、書籍のデジタル化に関連する告訴の
数々、それに中国では前々から憂慮すべき兆候があったのだが、国家
統制下のマスコミにおける論調がますます手厳しくなっていることが挙げられる。

>>111
こんなにも早くに、ありがとうございます
とても参考になりました＾-＾

長文ですいません。
訳をお願いします。

Birth Order and Personality

If you have a brother or sister, you already know you are different from each other.
You live together in the same house and have the same parents, but you have different personalities.
Why is this?
One possible reason is the way your parents treat you.

First-born children receive all the attention from their parents.
Most families have twice as many photos of a first-born than any other child.
Parents tend to give first-borns more responsibility and depend on them to take care of younger brothers and sisters.
As a result, first-borns are often responsible, hard-working, and serious.
They often want to do well at school and work.
There are more first-born American Presidents―for example George W.
Bush, George Washington, and Lyndon Baines Johnson―than second or last-born children.

When a second child arrives, parents are more relaxed.
The second child is allowed to be more independent, but also has to compete with the first- born for the parents' attention and love.
These children often choose different sports and hobbies to show independence and they develop different personality traits.
They are often adventurous, fun-loving, and outgoing, but can be jealous and get angry easily.

The youngest child tends to be the happiest, and has fewer responsibilities and more freedom.
These children do not feel pressure to do well at school and work, but have to be creative to get their family's attention.
They are often friendly, humorous, and calm.
Many famous talk-show hosts and comedians were born last.

訳をよろしくお願いします！！

Your Music and Your Personality

Sue and Jim were neighbors for five years but they were never interested in each other.
Then one day, Sue saw Jim's music collection.
She noticed a rare punk rock CD that she also owned.
At that moment, she realized that they both shared the same interest in music and they started talking.
Sue said,"I thought we had nothing in common until I saw his CD by the New York Dolls."
They are now married and living with each other.

Some psychologists believe that your taste in music is related to your personality.
As part of a test at the University of Texas, Austin, USA, volunteers created a CD of their favorite songs.
The volunteers then listened to each other's CDs and made guesses about the CD creator's personality―outgoing, adventurous, happy, and so on.
These strangers correctly guessed much more about each others' personalities through their CDs than through their clothes or taste in films.
For example, Sue and Jim love punk music, which means they have outgoing personalities.

>>114のつづきです。
長文ですいません。訳をお願いします。

The psychologists who carried out the test found Snoop Dogg (hip-hop) fans are likely to be energetic and talkative.
People who like U2 (rock/pop music) are generally independent and adventurous.
The psychologists also found that Louis Armstrong (jazz) fans tend to be serious and intelligent while fans of classical music are also likely to enjoy jazz music and tend to be shy.
The psychologists were surprised to find that rap and heavy metal fans were also shier and quieter than many other music lovers.

長文ですいません。
訳をお願いします。

Birth Order and Personality

If you have a brother or sister, you already know you are different from each other.
You live together in the same house and have the same parents, but you have different personalities.
Why is this?
One possible reason is the way your parents treat you.

First-born children receive all the attention from their parents.
Most families have twice as many photos of a first-born than any other child.
Parents tend to give first-borns more responsibility and depend on them to take care of younger brothers and sisters.
As a result, first-borns are often responsible, hard-working, and serious.
They often want to do well at school and work.
There are more first-born American Presidents―for example George W.
Bush, George Washington, and Lyndon Baines Johnson―than second or last-born children.

>>116は>>113の文です。
二重になってしまいました。
すいません。

どなたか和訳お願いします

Even the weather in Campodimele is beautiful: At 2,100 feet above sea level, the town catches fresh sea breezes that keep the temperatures moderate- not too hot, and not too cold.

crown reading lesson1のstay hungry stay foolishの全訳ありますか？
もし無かったら教えてください
合ってるのか分からなくて困ってます

In Akkadian mythology Rabisu ("the vagabond") is an evil vampiric spirit or demon
that is always menacing the entrance to the houses and hiding in dark corners, lurking to attack people.
In Hell, they live in the Desert of Anguish, attacking newly arrived souls as they travel down the Road of Bone to the City of the Dead.

In the role-playing game , the Rabisu are a fictional house of fallen angels.
They are the House of the Wild.
The creation of humanity was a huge thorn in their sides.
They were to care for the animals, but couldn't interact with humanity.
When the war broke out, the house was divided.
Those who followed Lucifer felt there was no way to fulfill their job.
Once in hell they reverted to their most primal instincts and hatred for humanity.
Now free from Hell, they are here on Earth to destroy humans.

洋画「THE　LANDLOAD」に出てくる「ラビス」という職業大家さんの悪魔について調べていて突き当たった文なのですが…
「アッカド神話によればラビス（放浪者）はバンパイア的な精霊、もしくは悪魔である」
「彼らは建物の入り口や暗い角に潜み待ち構え、人々に攻撃を加える」
「彼らは砂漠に住み、やってきた新たな旅人を死の都市へ導く」

「RPGでは、ラビスは堕天使の住む、（荒野にある）架空の家である」
「人類の創造は彼らのサイドには巨大な○○だった」
「ラビス達は動物を世話するために存在していて、人間と会話することはできない」
「（神と悪魔の）戦いが起こり、その家は分けられた」
「ルシファー側に付いた者は彼らの仕事をfulfillする以外ないと感じた」
「地獄では…
「地獄から解き放たれた現在、彼らは人類を滅ぼすため働く」

突っ込み、補完などをお願いしたいです…

POWWOW ENGLISH READING 平成20年年度
LESSON1 DIFFERENT WAYS TO VIEW THE WORLD P16.18
の和訳か本文どなたか教えてください。

�@Look at the world map on the next page. This map is different from the map you usually see. What dose this unique map show?
�AJapan has expanded like a balloon. It is the largest country on the map. On the other hand, the countries in Africa and South America are so small that we can hardly see them. Australia is only a line.
�BThis map shows the proportion of each country’s　meat imports by value. Japan accounts for half of world meat imports. It tells us that the eating habits of Japanese people have changed and that Japan depends heavily on foreign countries for its meat.

�CNext, what does the map on page 19 show? The largest country on this map is India, followed by northern African countries. However, we can barely see Japan and the European countries.
�DThe territory size on this map shows the proportion of all people living on an amount less than or equal to US $1 a day.　
This map tells us that the largest number of such people live in Southern Asia, most in India In contrast, Japan and the European countries are among the richer countries in the world.
�EFrom these maps, we can see at a glance how different the living conditions are from country to country.
Mark Newman, who made these maps, said, They show the true scale of things in a way that numbers in the newspapers or on TV never really do.
和訳よろしくお願いします。

CROWN Reading Nwe Edition の和訳が載っているサイトを教えてください。

はじめまして。長文になってしまい申し訳ありませんが、訳をお願いします。
The new work is "a major advance in autonomous robotics," says roboticist Dario Floreano of the Swiss Fedral Institute of Technology in Lausanne.
"The algorithm... is very efficient and applicable to a wide range of robots."
Typically, when creating a robot, developers face two daunting tasks, says Cornell mechanical engineer Victor Zykov, a codesigner of the new machine.
The scientists must devise a detailed, mathematical model of the device and also create a related control mechanism that operates the robot under carious conditions.
In the new experiment, neither step was necessary. "This achievement could be expanded to other machines that are difficult to control," Zykoc adds.
Those could include the remarkably agile prosthetic limbs currently under development, Lipson says.
"Desinging robots that can adapt to changing environments and can compensate for damage has been a difficult problem," comments neuroscientist Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in Bloomington.
"This work provides a nes way toward solving this important problem."
Sporns uses robots to study how body structure influences the data that a machine or organism gathers about its environment.
With the new self-modeling robot, cognitive scientists might investigate whether people and other animals employ abstract representations of their bodies and environments, Lipton says.

　【】部の「spare」の意味と意訳をお願いします。質問の部分以外はすべて訳しています。

（前略）
　"Mother," Mary Lou said impatiently, "Would you like it if someday I sent you away when you are old?"
　"No," her mother said thoughtfully, "no, I wouldn't like it."
　"Now you know how I feel about Grandfather!" said Mary Lou. "Please don't send him away. I'll do anything to take care of him."
　"There seems to be a good deal of truth in what Mary Lou is trying to say, Marian," her father said.
　"Well, if that's the way she feels," her mother said, "then, yes, I was completely wrong."
　That was the way it ended. The moment they got home, Mary Lou's mother said to Grandfather, "Please stay with us. 【We have decided that we can't spare you.】"
　Grandfather looked up, surprised. "But I thought ..." he began.
　Mary Lou said, "Please, please, stay with us."
　Grandfather, now surrounded by their lively faces, felt like the old tree. And he knew one thing for sure. This was right.

vivid reading new editionの和訳を掲載してるサイトありませんか

Front-runners in the 21st Century:12 Outstanding Companies
のChapter4です。
長文ですがよろしくお願いします。

1
Koichi Tsukamoto miraculously survived military service during World War �U.
His experience made him believe that he was meant to live not for himself but for his war-torn country.
He started his business as a wholesaler of synthetic pearl necklaces on the very day he returned.
Encouraged by the brightened faces of women wearing his products and wishing to give them more mobility
and confidence in wearing Westernstyle clothing, Tsukamoto established Wako Shoji Corporation three years later in 1949.
He had one million yen capital and 10 employees then.
As of March 2005 the Wacoal group included 36 consolidated subsidiaries and nine affiliated companies, and 80% of its 12,565 employees were women.
It posted net sales of 160.9 billion yen.

2
Wacoal's mainstay business is the manufacturing and marketing of intimate apparel,
outerwear, sportswear, and other textile products.
Foundation garments and lingerie account for 71% of its revenue,
while the next largest product category is nightwear, which is a mere 7%.
In 2004 approximately 34.8 million bras and 46.2 million panties were sold worldwide.

Tsukamoto's encounter with bras began with its predecessor, the "brapad."
It was a conical aluminum spring with cotton stuffing and covered with cloth, and it had to be sewn into a dress.
He immediately foresaw a grate business opportunity.
He become a retailer of brapads, but soon decided to try his hand at making a new product−something
that could be held in place with straps and had pockets to put in brapads.
Using his wife as a model, he designed and redesigned sewing patterns until he got his first workable archetype.
It proved to be a hit.
The development and manufacture of Wacoal products are based on careful analysis of information gleaned from customer opinions
collected from customer centers and in-store staff, examination of foreign trends and marketing, and research findings of the Human Science Research Center.
Established in 1964, the Center has been monitoring more than 1,000 females annually and now has data from over 35,000 females, aged four to sixty-nine.
Some of the women have provided longitudinal data, which have led to an understanding of changes in the body as it ages.
Using equipment such as a thermograph to measure skin temperature distribution and a non-contact three-dimensional measurement device, the Center conducts research on
reactions to three basic stimuli, that is, temperature, pressure, and touch.
The findings are then used to develop products that provide both sensory and physiological comfort, whether sportswear for athletics or pajamas for senior citizens.

3
Wacoal’s standardized product quality is a natural outcome of its uncompromising quality control and production management.
Prototypes are rigorously tested and evaluated.
Only products that pass Wacoal’s strict quality standards for design and tailoring reach consumers worldwide.
The first company in the Japanese apparel industry to achieve ISO 9001 certification (1997), Wacoal also acquired ISO 14001 certification (2001).

Wacoal has always been a forward-looking company.
In 1961 it pioneered an original method of designing and manufacturing bras that would produce a beautiful three-dimensional look.
In 1965 it obtained patents in 13 countries for its “Tummy Girdle,” and nine years later it launched its Remamma brand, products for women
who have undergone mastectomies.
In 1986 Wacoal was the first in the world to use flexible, soft-shape-memory alloy wire in its bras.
In 1996 the La Vie Aisee brand was launched specifically tailored for the changing needs of aging women.

Wacoal’s philosophy of supporting customers ”from cradle to rocking chair” is now realized in its variety of products.

大変だと思いますがよろしくお願いします。

難しくてさっぱり意味がわかりません。
全訳お願いします。

Yet there is a dark underside to this record of accomplishment.
The achievements of our science are astounding, the future
scarcely imaginable.
In a world of specialization there is the danger, though , that
we may lose sight of our place in nature, that we may begin to
view ourselves as above it all
― as supernatural.
We have developed an undeniale capacity to transform the earth,
to change, for example, the composition of the atmosphere on a
global scale with uncertain but surely serious implications for the
climate.
We have the power to extinguish in an astronomical instant
species that took billions of years to evolve.
The important question is whether we are developed enough to
employ our scientific and technological skills with discretion.

神様お願いします(人∀・)ﾀﾉﾑ

�@If we woke up and learned one morning from reading the newspaper that 12 jumbo jets filled with children had crashed, leaving no survivors, the world would be shocked and horrified.
Yet, each day, a child somewhere in the world is dying every 8 seconds from drinking contaminated water — the equivalent of 12 jumbo jets of children dying per day.
�AAccording to the World Commission on Water for the 21st Century, more than 1 billion people worldwide have no access to clean drinking water, and 3 billion — half of humanity — live in squalor without proper sanitation.
The problem is already very severe in Asia, the world's most polluted and environmentally degraded region, where some 830 million people do not have access to safe drinking water and more than two billion lack proper sanitation.
It is bound to get worse.
�BWithin 25 years, half of the world's population is projected to have trouble finding enough fresh water for drinking and irrigation.
Asia will be hardest hit as its bodies of freshwater are far more polluted than those in the rest of the world.
Over 90 percent of Asia's wastewater is discharged directly into rivers, lakes, and coastal waters without any treatment.
In China, the world's most populous nation, 80 percent of the rivers are too toxic to support fish.
�CAgriculture consumes a massive 70 percent of global freshwater.
Many Asian farmers believe free or cheap water is a right.
This has encouraged wasteful consumption throughout the region.
However, Asian governments are reluctant to raise water prices because they are wary of angering people who have grown used to having something cheap.

つづきです(人∀・)ﾀﾉﾑ
�DIncreasing urbanization is also causing city dwellers and factories to compete with farmers for water.
In June, the Chinese government imposed water rationing in 100 cities in the parched northern part of the country.
Water is so scarce that government leaders have even questioned whether Beijing should remain China's capital.
Many Asian cities — where 56 percent of the region's population will live by 2025 — are ill-equipped to provide the ever larger number of residents with the sanitation and safe water they need.
�EGreater public awareness is needed to create policies, strategies, and incentives for improving management of water resources.
Local non-government and community based organizations can play an important role by teaching farmers and urban dwellers to recognize the value of water and encourage its efficient use.
National governments should scrap water subsidies, while assuring all citizens of a minimum supply.
�FA lot of money is needed to pay for safe drinking water — $70 billion per year for the next 10 years, according to the World Water Council.
Many will say that this is simply too high a price to pay for clean water.
But water is in increasingly short supply and without it there can neither be food, fish, forests, nor humans.

よろしくお願いします

In most tachnical subjects, like enginnering, mathematics is very important.
Mathematics is the study of numbers ans spaces. In this unit we look at numbers. We look at spaces in Unit 5.

There are two main kinds of numbers - whole numbers and fractions.
Whole numbers are like 1,2,3.
We can also write whole numbers as decimals; for example, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0.

Fractions are numbers between whole numbers; for example, the numbers between 1 and2.
We can express them as common fractions.
With common 1/2(a half), 3/4(three-quarters).
The number below the line is called the denominator.
It shows how many pieces we are dividing the whole number into.
The number adove the line is called the numerator.
It shows how many pieces of the denominator we have taken.

We can also express fractions as decimals.
Decimals are based on the idea that the whole number 1(one) can be divided into thens, hundredths, etc.
If we use hundredths(100 parts), 1/4 will be 25 of these parts.
We write it as 0.25 and say zero point two five.
Note that we don't say, for example, twenty-five after a deciaml point.
Fractions can also percentages.
Percentages are also based on 100 but in this case we say 1/4 is the same as 25 out of 100, or 25%.
If you look closely, the % symbol for percentage looks like 100, written in a strange way.

↑の続きです。

How do you say these numbers: 10, 11?
What abount when they are part of a date: 10/11/2003?

In American English we can say ten eleven in both cases, but we can also say the date as October eleventh because we are thinking of the days in order.
When we put things in order, we use special number words in English called ordinals.

Most ordinals are almost the same words as the cardinal numbers. We just add th to the cardinal number to make the ordinal.
For example, for becomes fourth, six becomes sixth.

However, there are a few spelling changes.
Be carefull with five, which becomes fifth.
Don't forget thateight only has one t in the ordinal from (eighth).
Nine loses a e(ninth)..
Remember also that numbers ending in y lose the y and add ieth(twenty-twentieth).

When we write the date in American English, We don't use any special symbol.
So we write, for example, October 11.
But in mathematics there is a special symbol for a ordinal number.
We use the extra th; for example, 5th.
In printing, th is often written as two very small letters above the line; for example, 5^th.

Be carefull with the first tree ordinal numbers.
They are different words from the cardinals. One, two, three become first, second, third.
Like other ordinal numbers, we use the last two letters of the ordinal words in the symbols, so we get 1st, 2nd and 3rd or, in printing, 1^th, 2^nd and 3^rd.

よろしくお願いします。
クラウン教科書３１ページのグーグル副社長さんのメッセージです。

When i showed up at Stanford,I did^t know much about computers.
The fall of my freshman year I used all the babysitting money I had saved to buy my first computer.
one of my friends helped me unpack my computer and even taught me how to use the mouse.
So,it was entirely new.

At the time,i thought I might pursue medicine,but there was a lot of memorization and I was^t being challenged.
So I started looking for another major and discovered an interdisciplinary major-Shimbolic Systems,which combines philosophy,linguistic,psychology and computer sience.
We studied how people think.
And that autually changed the way I think.

Google is a very comfortable environment for me because I live technology and innovation.
I have a lot oh endurance and an ability to work hard.
Those qualities help make me successful at what I do.

One important thing about leadership is approachability,people feling they can come up talk to you.
I have a few meetings that have an open-door enviroment where people can put topics that they want addressed on the agenda.
I want people to challenge me,tell me that I^m wrong and show me the data.
That type of healthy debate helps us get to the best possible outcome.

I^m happy to manage product managers.
While we still have a lot to do,I^m amazed at the fact that the Web site my friends and I built has positively touched the lives of so many millions of people.

>>128
塚本幸一氏は、第二次世界大戦中兵役についていたが、奇跡的に生き残った。
その体験が、自分のために生きるのではなく、戦争で荒廃した国のために生きるべきである、という思いを強くさせた。
真珠ネックレス模造品の卸売商として、帰国したその日から商売を始めた。
自分が売った商品を身につけた女性の明るい表情に元気付けられ、また、
女性が益々洋服を着るようになり、女性が自信を持って洋服を着て欲しい、
との思いから、3年後の1949年に和江商事を設立した。
当時、資本金は百万円で従業員は10名であった。
2005年3月時点で、ワコールグループは36の子会社と九つの関連会社を有し、
12,565人の従業員の80%は女性である。
純売上は、1609億円を計上した。
more　mobilityのところは、うまい訳語が思いつきませんでしたが、参考にどうぞ。

Explain the logical arrangement of the content in the documents.
教科書でなくて申し訳ないんだけど…
"文章内容の構成について、論理的な説明をしなさい。"
という訳で合っているでしょうか？
他に訊ねる場所を見つけれなかったのでここへきました。
スレ違いだったらすみません

�@Mitsuoka Motor is a unique company that manufactures original hand-crafted automobiles.It has nine subsidiaries that deal in imported cars and used cars.

↑どなたか和訳おねがいします；；

スマン、助けて！
satisfication　と　dissatisficationが
どの辞書サイトでも翻訳サイトでも意味がでてこねぇ！
どなたか教えてもらえないでしょうか、お願いします

>>139
光岡自動車は、独創的な自動車を手作りで製造している非常に珍しい会社である。
輸入車と中古車を取り扱う子会社が九つある。

ありがとうございました！

かなりの長文なんですがお願いします
これの会話を英訳して欲しいです。日本のマスコミは報道しない内容ですが、
世界のマスコミに向けて字幕つきで投稿してみたいと考えています。
またyoutubeで投稿して外国人の人たちにも日本の危機を見て欲しいと思っています。
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vkNMbGVTis

すみませんでした。依頼を取り下げます

お願いします。
Margaret Forster８月11日の日記です。

I am delighted with my short hair.
It felt so good this morning not to have to brush it　and pit it up,and so cool and light.
I had not realised how heavy hair is.
George did not even notice.
I cannot wait to see what people in the shop will say.
No one else has yet been cropped and they would never　have expested me to be the first.
I am pleased with my own daring thought it is not so　very daring.
It made me see how timid I am in all other respects　and I am ashamed of myself.
I should set my sights higher and somehow rise above　being a shop drudge.
But how?
Suppose I were to learn to type,would work in an office　be much better?
Only a little.
Tom said I should not give up the idea of training to be a teacher and that he was surprised I had not carried
on studying on my own through a correspondence course.
But he does not understand how tired I am in the evenings,
which I do not even have to myself,or that such courses cost money and that every penny I earn is needed for
urgent necessities for our family.
Perhaps when the children are bigger I will be able to resume my training,but Grace is only 3 and in any case
the more the children grow,the more expensive they become.
I can see no way out.
It is all very all very well for Tom, whose family is welloff.

Reading serves as a window to the world around us.
We read newspapers, popular magazines, fiction, and other materials.
We come into contact with many kinds of reading materials in our everyday lives.
Reading in our first language seems to be an ordinary that most of us can do without conscious effort,
But when we encounter a text an a foreign language, for example, English, it is a different story,
Reading becomes very difficult and requires a lot of effort.

Why is it so easy and natural for us to read a text written in our native language, but so frustrating and difficult to read something written in English?
Let us consider two important factors involved in reading.
Perhaps they can help you learn to read more easily in English.
The two factors are related to our knowledge of the language itself and to our knowledge of the world around us.

どなたか和訳お願いします。

「 Power on English Reading 」 Lesson７の９４ページです。

　Twelve angry men is a drama concerned with what actually happens to twelve men when they must decide whether a young man will live or die.
When the drama begins,the facts have all been heard in court already.
Now the jurors are in the jury room,where they will stay until they have decided.
Before the twelve men can make their final decisions,they will face many problems.
In addition to the facts,they will have to consider their feelings about the young man,their personal lives and troubles,and their feelings about the other members of the jury.

　The following scenes take place in the jury room,where the jurors decide whether the boy is guilty or not guilty.

和訳お願いします。

和訳お願いいたします。
Nobody can escape from three
Upon grandfathers honor
They solve all riddles

>>148 教科書的じゃないかも

「12人の怒れる男」（←邦題の正式名はシラネ）は、12人の男たちが
ある若い男性の生死を決定しなければならないという、実際に起こった出来事
に基づくドラマです。
このドラマが始まるとき、すでに真相は全て法廷で明らかになっています。
今、陪審員たちは陪審員室に控え、そこで判決までの時間を過ごしています。
12人の男たちは、最終判決を下すまでにたくさんの問題に直面するでしょう。
彼らは、事実の他に、その若い男に対する感情、自分たち個人の生活や困難、他の陪審員
メンバーに対する気持ちの全てを考慮しなければならないのですから。

次の場面は法廷でのシーンです。ここで陪審員たちは、少年が有罪か無罪かを決定します。

>>150
＞教科書的じゃないかも
いえいえとんでもない・・・

分かりやすい和訳ありがとうございました！

>>148
ごめんね、よく読んだらちょっと間違ってた

誤）12人の男たちが ある若い男性の生死を決定しなければならないという、
実際に起こった出来事に基づくドラマです。

正）ある若い男性の生死を決定しなければならない時、12人の男たちがに何が
起こるか、を描いたドラマです。

誤）このドラマが始まるとき、すでに真相は全て法廷で明らかになっています。

正）ドラマの冒頭で、すでに真相は全て法廷で明らかになっています。

和訳お願いします。
Flugel is considering only a single opposition; he does not even
contemplate the neurotic confusion that can result when three
or more motives are in conflict─as they often are.

朝日出版のギリシア神話からの一節です。
和訳お願いします。
HeraclesとNereusは人名です。

They obligingly led Heracles to where they knew old Nereus lay asleep and so could be easily seized.
It was necessary to lay hold of him because the old man of the sea refused information unless forced to give it.
Moreover, he had the ability to change himself into anything he wanted―a lion, a snake, a bull, anything at all that might frighten whoever had hold of him.

長いですが和訳お願いします。テストが迫ってきているので、できるだけ早くやってもらえると幸いです・・；；
�@ Satoshi Sakurada, a Nikko Securities Stockbroker, was stationed in Los Angels in the 1960s.
One day he ate a delicious hamburger that he could not forget. It was a Tommy’s hamburger that attracts
15,000 people to the original shop every week.

�A After returning to Japan, Sakurada left Nikko to set up his own business .He had a philosophy that
a company should serve customers as well as its shareholders. He met two other like-minded men and they
found they shared similar attitudes toward business: Always be honest with customers. They saw the rise of
the fast-food industry in Japan ,and they resolved to create a Japanese-style hamburger chain store.

�B Tommy’s high-quality hamburgers served as the archetype. The three men flew to Los Angeles
and persuaded the owner of Tommy’s to teach them the basics of making hamburgers. In June 1972, they
opened their first hamburger stand , no larger than 10 square meters, in a renovated shed of a vegetable
store in the outskirts of Tokyo.



Stockbroker…証券マン　be stationed in…に駐在する　Tommy’…店の名前　made to order …オーダーメイドの
　set up one’s business…みづからビジネスを立ち上げる　shareholder…株主　like-minded…志を同じくする　
serve as…の役割を果たす　shed・・・倉庫

続きです。和訳おねがいします；；
�C In order to compete against the giant McDonald’s, MOS emphasized how it was different, and was
particular about developing a “Japanese taste and spirit.” MOS used a beef-and-pork ground while Mac boasted
about its 100% beef burgers. MOS developed its own soft buns and an original sauce based on miso,mirin,
and soy sauce . Adherence to its Japanese-palate policy paid off. In 1973 its first hit product,
a teriyaki burger, was launched. This triggered the development of MOS franchise outlets.

�D Generally speaking , a foreign-owned franchise chain (FC) will take 4-5% of a commodity’s
gross profit in royalties plus 3-8% for advertising . In contrast , MOS takes 1% in royalties
and 1% for advertising . This FC strategy was adopted because of Sakurada’s concept that MOS be
“a group of people united by shared values. ” His ideals was that love of nature and humanity
would be the essence of the chain store, and he adopted the name MOS because he wanted the company
to be dignified like a mountain , expansive like an ocean , and radiant like the sun.

�E Franchise outlets took off: 100 stores in 1979, 500 in 1986, 1,000 in 1991, and 1,500 in 1998.
However , from the mid -90s, the restaurant and fast food industry was affected as more convenience stores
offered varieties of lunch menus, thus creating a home-meal replacement market . Even worse was the lingering
aftereffects of a burst “bubble economy .” Escape from deflation seemed impossible . McDonald’s set off
a price war by selling 100-yen hamburgers, and Lotteria followed suit.

ground…ひき肉　adherence to…を堅持すること　palate…味覚　pay off…功を奏する
gross profit・・・総利益　royalty・・・ロイヤルティ　take off・・・売り上げが伸びる
follow suit・・・あとに続く

�F MOS took a different path, sticking to its motto of “making people happy through food.”
Slashing prices would necessitate cost reduction of materials. Curtailing material costs would
adversely affect the 2,000 farmers throughout Japan who provide MOS with its vegetables. The cost
for refusing to compromise its philosophy was high : MOS sales plunged from 127.5 billion yen
in fiscal 1998 to 110 billion in 2001.

�G In order to overcome this crisis , MOS has refrained from opening up new outlets since 1999.
It adopted a scrap-and-build policy in an attempt to overhaul its management operations.
In 2003 , it developed and introduced ”dinner menus ” in 1,00 outlet ,
and in fiscal 2004 MOS entered a new phase , switching its business management style from
“fast food” to “fast casual .” the revamped MOS outlets combine the best of restaurants
and fast food – pleasantly casual places where customers can enjoy high-quality food .
Like Tommy’s MOS is for people who can appreciate delectable food.

scrap-and-build ・・・統廃合　revamp・・・刷新する　delectable・・・おいしい

More than 300,000 people come to see the Alaska State Fair, which takes place in Palmer
at the end of each summer. The high Light of the fair is the Giant Cabbage Weigh-off.


和訳お願いします

おまいら依頼し過ぎw

>>129
１．塚本幸一氏は、第二次世界大戦中兵役から奇跡的に生きのびた。
その体験が、自分のためではなく、戦争で荒廃した国のために生きているんだと考えさせた。
彼は真珠ネックレスの問屋としての仕事を帰国したその日から始めた。
彼の製品を身に着けている女性の明るい表情に元気付けられて、彼女らに動きやすさや西洋スタイルの衣類を着ることに対する自信を持って欲しい、との思いから、3年後の1949年に和江商事を設立した。
当時、資本金は百万円で従業員は10名であった。
2005年3月現在、ワコールグループは36の子会社と九つの関連会社を有し、12,565人の従業員の内80%は女性である。
純売上は、1609億円を計上した。

２．ワコールの主なビジネスは下着やアウター、スポーツウェア、その他の繊維製品を製造して売ることです。
ファンデーションとランジェリーが収入の71%を占め、同時に次の最大の製品カテゴリーは寝間着であり、それはほんの7%です。
2004年にはおよそ3480万枚のブラジャーと4620万枚のパンティーが、世界中で売られました。

>>129
続き
３．塚本とブラの出会いは前作であるブラパッドから始まりました。
それは円錐状のアルミニウムバネで綿の詰め物と一緒に布でカバーされ、それはドレスに縫い込まれなければなりませんでした。
彼はすぐに大きなビジネスチャンスを予知しました。
彼はブラパッドの小売商となるが、紐で定位置に固定しポケットにブラパッドを入れることの出来る何かを、新しい製品として作ることに手をだすことをすぐに決めました。
彼は妻をモデルとして使い、彼が最初の上手く働く原型を得るまで縫い方を何度も何度もデザインした。
それはヒット作であることがわかりました。

４．ワコール製品の開発と製造は、カスタマーセンターと店内のスタッフからまとめられる顧客意見から収集される情報の慎重な分析、外国の傾向とマーケティングの調査と、人間科学研究所の研究調査結果に基づきます。
1964年に設立され、人間科学研究所は毎年1,000人以上の女性をモニターしていて、現在35,000人以上の女性（4〜69歳の）のデータを持っています。
何人かの女性は長期にわたるデータを提供していて、それが年による体の変化の理解に至りました。皮膚の分布を非接触三次元測定器で測るために、サーモグラフのような機材を使って、センターは3つの基本的な刺激、つまり温度、圧力、感覚に対する反応の研究を実施します。

>>129
ラスト一文忘れてた
・運動競技のためのスポーツウェアや高齢者のためのパジャマであるにせよ、調査結果はそれから、感覚的な生理的快適さを提供する製品を開発するのに用いられます。

>>130

５．ワコールの標準化された製品品質は、その妥協しない品質管理と生産管理による自然な結果です。
プロトタイプは厳密にテストされ、評価されます。
ワコールによるデザインと仕立て方の厳しい品質規格を通過した製品のみ、世界中の消費者に届く。
ISO 9001証明（1997）を達成する日本のアパレル産業最初の会社、ワコールはISO 14001証明(2001)も得ました

６．ワコールは常に先見の明がある会社です。
1961年にワコールは美しい三次元スタイルから生まれるブラのデザインと製造する最初の方法を開拓しました。
1965年にワコールはタミーガードルのために13カ国で特許をとり、そして、9年後に、それはそのリマンマブランド（乳房切除を受けた女性のための製品）を開始しました。
1986年にワコールは曲げやすくやわらかい形状記憶合金ワイヤーを世界で初めてブラで使った。
1996年には特に年老いた女性の変化していくニーズに合うように、ラヴィエゼブランドが開始された。

７．ゆりかごからロッキングチェアまで、顧客を支えるというワコールの方針は、現在の製品の種類から実現されます。
塚本氏はワコール製品を身に着けて喜んでいる女性の美しい笑顔を見て喜んでいるだろう。

試験が７月２９日なので155、156、157番それまでにやってもらえたらうれしいです・・・＞＜

沢山ありますがお許しください。
どうか和訳お願いします。
あ･･･わがままですが、訳す際の注意点を簡単に教えていただけると助かります(*- -)(*_ _)ﾍﾟｺﾘ

I should say he is stupid.

That is how he invented the machine.

She came near being killed.

The train was seen to pull in.

It so happened that I saw the eye of the typhoon.

Poverty deprived the boy of education.

Howling madly, a hand upon his bitten leg, he limped away.

すみません、追加でこれもお願いします。

She smiled, not being able to help it.

>>165
まあ、彼が愚かであるということでしょう。／そんなふうにして彼はその機械を発明したのです。
もう少しで彼女は命を落とすところだった。／列車が到着する（＝駅に入る）のが見えた（見られた）
私はたまたま台風の目を見（る機会があっ）た。／貧乏のせいでその少年は教育がうけられなかった。
彼は狂ったように叫びながら、片手で噛まれた足を押さえて、足を引きずりながら去っていった。

>>166
彼女は微笑んだ、そうせずにはいられなかったのだ。

>>167
ありがとうございました！

教科書じゃないんですがよければ誰かお願いします！！

　It is often said that time seems to go more quickly, the years rush by, as one grows older either because when one is young one's days, are
packed with novel, exciting impressions or because as one grows older a year becomes a smaller and smaller fraction of one's life. But
, if the years appear to pass more quickly, the hours and minutes do not --- they are the same as they always were.
　At least, they seem so to me (in my seventies), although experiments have shown that, while young people are remarkably accurate at
estimating a span of three minutes by counting internally, elderly people apparently count more slowly, so that their perceived three
minutes　is closer to three and a half or four minutes. But it is still not clear that this phenomenon has anything to do with the psychological
feeling of time passing more quickly as one ages.
　The hours and minutes still seem terribly long when I am bored, and all too short when I am engaged. As a boy, I hated school, being forced
to listen passively to teachers. When I looked at my watch, counting the minutes to my liberation, the minute hand, and even the second hand seemed to
move with infinite slowness. There is an exaggerated consciousness of time in such situation: indeed, when one is bored there may be no consciousness
of anything but time,
　In contrast were the delights of experimenting and thinking in a little chemical lab I had set up at home then, and here, every now, I might spend
an entire day in happy activity and absorption. Then I would have no consciousness of time at all.

>>169
　よく言われるのだが、人は歳をとるにつれて時間がより早く過ぎ、歳月が駆け抜けてい
き、その理由は、若い頃は日々が新奇でワクワクする印象で一杯だからであるか、また
は歳を取ると人生にとっての一年間がますます小さな一部分になるからであると。しかし、
もし年月が早く過ぎるように思えるとしても、１時間や１分が早くなっているわけではなく、
それらはいつでも昔と同じなのだ。
　少なくとも、（７０代の）私にとってはそう思える。もっとも実験によると若者は頭で３分
の長さを測ると、驚くほどに正確に測るのであるが、一方老人は、どうやらゆっくりと
数えるようになり、体感される３分間が３分半か４分に近くなるらしい。しかしこの現象が歳を
取るにつれて時間の流れを早く感じる心理学的な気持ちと何かの関係があるかは明らかではない。
私は今でも、時間も分も、退屈している時は恐ろしく長く感じる。そして何かに夢中にな
っている時は短すぎると感じる。私は子供の頃、学校が嫌いだった。教師の言うことを無
理に聞かされるからだ。私は時計を見ながら、開放される時までの分数を数えたものだが、
分針も、秒針までもが極度の遅さで動いているように思われた。そのような状況では時間
に対しての過度の意識がある。実際、退屈な時は時間以外のどんな意識もないのかもしれ
ない。
対照的なのが、当事、私が自宅に作った小さな化学実験室で実験をしたり考え事をする時
の喜びだ。そして、ここで、今でも丸一日を楽しい活動に夢中になって過ごすことがある。
そういうとき、私は時間の意識を全く持つことがないのだ。

>>170
ありがとうございました！
助かりました！！

Reach Out To The Truth (Persona Music Live Band Ver.)
作詞：田中玲子＆小林鉄兵＆Lotus Juice

Now I face out, I hold out
I reach out to the truth of my life
Seeking to seize on the whole moment to now

Yeah naked truth lies, only if you realize
Appearing in nobody’s eyes, till they sterilize
Stop the guerrilla, warfare to keep fair, Bro
Change your rage to a smarter greater cause
You know the stake is high stardom is near
Those who sympathized you died, killers are passing by
Do not waste your time in hating flirting guys
Use your might to AIs to do justice to them all

Now I face out, I hold out
I reach out to the truth of my life
Seeking to seize on the whole moment to now break away!

Oh God let me out, can you let me out?
Can you set me free from this dark inner world
Save me now last beat in the soul

Yeah flooded apple pie
Left until somebody cries
Goddamn always talking shizzle behind man get left behind
Come on and quit that shizzle tell me what you really want
Louder ladies I can feel nothing in the tone of your voice
Closer it gets y'all know how everything reflects
Your soul and spirits lost pretends gets rejects
Look man you are one who actually you detest
I guess they're good reasons why you can't see next

Now I face up, I make head
I bleach out cock and bull of this globe
Thinking and seeking on the whole moment
Now it's on!

Oh god it's enough, Are you satisfied?
it's already disgusting to dance with your palm
Save me now last beat in the soul

Now I face out, I hold out
I reach out to the truth of my life
Seeking to seize on the whole moment to now break away!

Oh God let me out, can you let me out?
Can you set me free from this dark inner world
Save me now last beat in the soul

Oh please,
Save me now last beat in the soul

探しても探しても和訳が見つからないので、誰か和訳してくれませんか？
教科書では無いゲームソングなのですがよろしくお願いします！

　教科書かどうかはわかりませんが…　CHEMICAL SECRET（著）Tim Vicaryの最初の部分です。これを読まなければ
いけないのですが間違った訳で覚えたくないので自分で訳したあとで照らし
合わせてみたいので長文ですがよろしくお願いします。

‘Mr Duncan? Come in please. Mr Wilson will see you now.’
‘Thank you.’ John Duncan stood up and walked nervously towards the door. He was a tall, thin man, about forty-five years old, in an old grey suit. It was his best suit, but it was ten years old now. He had grey hair and glasses.
　His face looked sad and tired. Inside the room, a man stood up to welcome him. ‘Mr Duncan? Pleased to meet you. My name’s David Wilson. This is one of our chemists, Mary Carter.’ John Duncan shook hands with both of them, and sat down.
　It was a big office, with a thick carpet on the floor and beautiful pictures on the walls. David Wilson was a young man, in an expensive black suit. He had a big gold ring on one finger. He smiled at John.
‘I asked Miss Carter to come because she’s one of our best chemists. She discovered our wonderful new paint, in fact. When... I mean, if you come to work here, you will work with her.’
‘Oh, I see.’ John looked at Mary. She was older than Wilson- about thirty-five, perhaps‐with short brown hair, and a pretty, friendly face. She was wearing a white coat with a lot of pens in the top pocket.
　She smiled at him kindly, but John felt miserable. I’ll never get this job, he thought. I’m too old! Employers want younger people these days.

続きです。
　David Wilson was looking at some papers. ‘Now, Mr Duncan,’ he said, ‘I see that you are a very good biologist.
　You worked at a university... and then for two very famous companies. But... you stopped working as a biologist nine years ago. Why was that?’
‘I’ve always had two interests in my life,’ John said, ‘biology and boats. My wife was a famous sailor... Rachel Horsley... Perhaps you remember her.
　She sailed around the world alone in a small boat.’
‘Yes,’ said David Wilson, ‘I remember her.
‘So we started a business,’ said John. ‘We made small boats together, and sold them.’
‘And did the business go well?’ asked Wilson.
‘Very well at first. Then we wanted to build bigger, better boats. We borrowed too much money. And then my wife...’ John stopped speaking.
‘Yes, the Sevens Race. I remember now,’ said David Wilson.
　Both men were silent for a moment. Wilson remembered the newspaper reports of the storm and the lives lost at sea. He looked at the man who sat sadly in front of him.
‘So, after my wife died,’ continued John, ‘I closed the business. That was five years ago.’
‘I see,’ said David Wilson. ‘It’s a hard world, the world of business.’ He looked at John’s old grey suit. ‘So now you want a job as a biologist.
　Well, this is a chemical company, Mr Duncan. We make paint. But we need a biologist to make sure that everything in this factory is safe.
　We want someone to tell the government that it’s safe to work here, and that it’s safe to have a paint factory near the town. That’s important to us.’
‘And if something’s not safe, then of course we’ll change it, ‘Mary Carter said. David Wilson looked at her, but he didn’t say anything.

最後です。
‘Yes, I see,’ John began nervously. ‘Well, I think l could do that. I mean, when l worked for Harper Chemicals in London I... ‘He talked for two or three minutes about his work.
　David Wilson listened, but he didn’t say anything. Then he smiled. It was a cold, hard smile, and it made John feel uncomfortable. He remembered his old suit and grey hair, and he wished he hadn’t come.
‘You really need this job, don’t you, Mr Duncan?’ David Wilson said. ‘You need it a lot.’
‘Yes, I do,’ he said quietly. But he thought: I hate you, Wilson. You’re enjoying this. You like making people feel small. I hate people like you.
　Wilson’s smile grew bigger. He stood up, and held out his hand. ‘OK,’ he said. ‘When can you start?’
‘What?’ John was very surprised. ‘What did you say?’
‘I said, "When can you start?", Mr Duncan. We need you in our factory as soon as possible. Will Monday be OK?’
‘You mean I’ve got the job?’
‘Of course. Congratulations!’ Wilson shook John’s hand. ‘My secretary will tell you about your pay. You’ll have your own office, and a company car, of course.
　I’d like you to start work with Mary on Monday. Is that OK?’
‘I... Yes, yes, of course. That’s fine. Thank you, thank you very much.’