They also have much to learn in thier childhood. The members of a chimp family are very close, often helping one another. They can feel sad,happy,afraid,or angry. They can slove problems and plan for the future. Also,they can be taught to use sign language. Some of them love painting.
福沢諭吉が嵐の中、船上で言ったジョークらしいのですが “Just imagine you are in prison and having earthquakes day and night. I don't think this could be any worse than that.” これの訳と意味を教えてください。
訳するところがいまいちよくわからないので、訳お願いします。 サンタの話です ONE WORLD2 Santa is reading a list of"extra good boys & girls"and marking his delivery route on the world map. The other Santa has a big bag of mail and is answering letters from children. These pictures, which were painted more than 50 years ago, still catch the feeling of Santa in American culture.
In Scandinavia, people believed in elves whose jobs were to protect houses and farm animals. They began to paint them in simple jackets in fairy story books in the 19th century. お願いします。
(1) The doctor said my skull would have to be joined on to my spinal column. It wasn't certain if the operation would be successful, or even if I could survive. Suddenly, I realized that I was going to be a huge burden to everybody, and that I had destroyed my life and everybody else's. “Why not die, and save everyone a lot of trouble?” I thought.
(2) One day my wife Dana came into the room. I could not talk because of the breathing machine. But as I looked at her, I moved my mouth to say, “Maybe we should let me go.” Dana started crying. “I am only going to say this once,” she said. “I will support anything you want to do because this is your life and your decision. But I want you to know that I'll always be with you, whatever happens.” Then she added the words that saved my life. “You're still you. And I love you.” I said, “This goes beyond the wedding promise we made-‘in sickness and in health.’” She said,“I know.”I knew then that she was going to be with me forever. We had become a real family. It was almost time for the operation and I became more frightened, knowing I had only a fifty-fifty chance of surviving. I lay frozen much of the time, thinking dark thoughts. One very gray day the door to my room flew open walked in the room. He spoke with a Russian accent. He said he had to examine me immediately. My first thought was that I was dreaming. But it was my old friend, Robin Williams. For the first time since the accident, I laughed.
Lesson5-2 What will the trip to Mars be like ? Astronauts will have to face many difficult problems on their journey to Mars. In an environment where there is no gravity, people's bodies and bones become weaker. So astronauts must exercise using equipment. There will also be other problems. Being in a closed enviroment like a spaceship, astronauts find it difficult to get a good sleep and to stay in high spirits. One astronaut says that talking with one's family is a great help in dealing with stress. The astronauts will land on Mars to find themselves in very dangerous conditions, although Mars is known to be the planet whose environment is closest to that of Earth. The atmosphere is 95 percent carbon dioxide. The temperature at the equator goes from a high og 15 degress above zero to a low of 100 degrees below. The pressure of the atmosphere is much lower on Mars than on Earth. It is like being 35 kilometers above the earth. Besides,there will be radiation danger from the sun. The astronauts would have to wear heavy spacesuits to protect themselves from such severe conditions.
Ancestors of today’s Greek Cypriots emigrated from mainland Greece about 3000 years ago and developed a flourishing trading center. Since than the island has been ruled by Phoenicia, Egypt, Persia, and the Roma and Byzantine Empires. A French noble family governed during the Crusades, and the Venetian Empire in the 15th century. The Ottoman Turks, forebears of the modern Turkish Cypriots, ruled the island for 300 years before they gave over control to the British in 1878. 国公立入試長文へのアプローチの中の9ですが、お願いします。
A stomach was not crowded what it was. But want to eat in such a time ||, hey. I endure that I endure it until morning! There is the guy whom it be somebody elaborate, and was readable?
Until the decline of British rule, Cypriot Greeks and Turks coexisted some what peacefully, although the Greeks occasionally rioted in favor of ‘enosis(union)’ with Greece, and the Turks wanted separation . In the 1950s Greek Cypriots fought a guerrilla war for enosis, and as a compromise Britain granted Cyprus independence. National leader Archbiship Makarios 3 was elected president n 1960, while the Turkish Cypriot minority was given the vice-presidency and minority political representation. But after scarcely thee years the government fell apart amid mutual charges of bad faith. Severe fighting between the two sides stared in Nicosia and spread throughout Cyprus. UN peacekeeping troops arrived in 1964 and spend the following ten years settling conflicts. すみません。先ほどはありがとうございました。 36のつづきなのですが。お願いします。
【CROWN English Series U Lesson2-1】 8年間日本で医者として働いた後、私は、ジュネーブ大学でより深く学ぶためにスイスへ行きました。 そこで私は、英語では「国境なき医師団」として知られていた、 Medecins sans Frontieres(MSF)に参加しました。 MSFは、戦争や災害によって病気や怪我をしている世界中の人を 助けている医師や看護婦の、ボランティアグループです。 主に一般人の支援を基にしている非政府組織(NGO)です。 MSFは1971年にフランスで設立され、それ以来このような人々に対し、 彼らの人種や宗教や政治に関係なく、医療支援を続けています。 MSFに参加する前は、私は長い間どうしたら医師のように、他の人の助けになれるか考えていました。 異なった文化や、日本では見られなかったものを見たかったのです。 新聞でMSFについて読み、またMSFに募金をしている友人もいたのです。 それで私はパリのMSF事務所に、MSFに参加したいのだという手紙を送りました。 MSFは承諾し、私は戦闘が続いていたスリランカのマデュ難民キャンプに送られました。
【CROWN2 Lesson4-1】 ・What is creativity? Is it something that can be learned? 創造力とはなんだろう。学ぶことのできるものなのだろうか? ・Ken was interested in finding out, so he interviewed Dr.James L.Adams, who has recently written a book about creativity. ケンはそれがなんであるか見つけ出したかったので、創造力についての本を 最近書いたジェイムス・L・アダムス博士にインタビューした。 ・K:Dr.Adams,thank you very much for taking time for this interview. ケン:アダムス博士、このインタビューのために時間を割いてくださいまして どうもありがとうございます。 ・You have written a number of books on how to be creative. あなたは創造的になる方法についての本をたくさん書いてきましたね ・What exactly do you mean by being "creative"? 「創造的」であるということは正確にはどういう意味ですか? ・Dr:By "creative" I simply mean being able to come up with new solutions to problems for which there are no simple solutions. アダムス博士:「創造的」は、簡単な解決方法のない問題の新しい解決方法を 見つけ出すことの出来ることを、単に意味してます。 ・Being creative means finding new ways to look at the world. 創造的であることは、世界の新しい見方を見つけることを意味しているのです。 ・K:I wonder why so many people these days are interested in being creative. ケン:最近なぜ多くの人々が創造的であることに興味があるのでしょうか。
・Dr:Probably one of the most important reasons is that we're living in a complex age where we have to deal with problems which we have never faced before. 博士:おそらく、以前には決して直面することのなかった問題を扱わなければ ならない複雑な時代に、私たちは生きているのが最も重要な理由でしょう。 ・K:Is it possible, Dr.Adams, to train yourself to be more creative? ケン:アダムス博士、より創造的になるために自分自身を訓練することは 可能なのでしょうか? ・Is creativity something that you can learn or something that you're born with? 創造力は、学べるものなのか、それとも生まれ持ったものなのでしょうか? ・Dr:I believe that you can train yourself to be more creative. 博士:より創造的になるために自分自身を訓練することは可能だと、私は信じてます。 ・Being creative requires new ways of thinking, or the ability to look at problem in a new way. 創造的であることは、新しい考え方や新しい方法で問題を見る能力を必要とします。 ・In order to do that, you have to realize that we have what I call "mental blocks" which prevent us from thinking freely. それをするために、私たちが自由に考えることを妨げるいわゆる「精神的な壁」 に気が付かないといけません。 ・Let me give you an iteresting puzzle,so you will have a better idea about what I mean by "mental blocks." あなたが、私が意味する「精神的な壁」についてのよりいい考えが浮かぶように 興味深いパズルを与えましょう。
Lesson7-4 I would like to emphasize that conserving diversity within a given species is just as important as it is to conserve different species. Every individual plant has its own characteristics, given it an advantage in a particular environment. The more varieties there are for a given species, the greater the chances are for the species to survive.
Seed banks are helping us fight the loss of global plant diversity. In one place we can keep seeds for all kinds of plants from all over the world − grasses from the tropics, plants from our fields and gardens, are wild plants that have never been changed by the hands of human beings.
We have been trying to save the world’s rain forests, grasslands, and wetlands, but even national parks have no guarantee of long-term security. Although seed banks cannot replace the natural environment, they can offer an insurance service to other conservation techniques.
Finally I would like to suggest that the seed bank project be promoted even further in the rest of the world.
In 1974 a Greek Cypriot faction, backed by the military regime then in power in Athens, attempted a coup against the Makarios government, which had turned away from the concept of enosis. Turkey, fearing that the island would become part of Greece and the lives of Turkish Cypriots would be endangered, invaded. After Turkish troops gained control of 37 percent of the country, a cease-fire was declared.
That cease-fire line is today’s UN controlled buffer-zone. Since then the Greek Cypriot majority has governed the southern part of the Republic of Cyprus, while the Turkish Cypriot minority has run the north with substantial economic and military support from the mainland. In 1983 one Turkish Cypriot leader heightened tensions by proclaiming a separate state, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which remains unrecognized by any country except Turkey. すいません。訳お願いします。
On February 20, 1962, John Glenn made his first flight into space on Friendship 7.He was in orbit for 4 hours and 55 minutes. It was the real beginning of the Space Age for the United States. After the flight, people called him a space hero. As a member of the Mercury Project, Glenn hoped to makes another flight and land on the moon some day. NASA didn’t give him another chance. Space travel was dangerous in those days and President Kennedy didn’t want to lose America’s best-loved astronaut.
Glenn left NASA very early and tried the business World for a while. Then he turned to politics. On his second try he became a senator for Ohio in 1974 and served four terms. When he was working as a politician, Glenn always hoped to return to space. In 1982 he ran for the Presidency. One day during the campaign, he droved to the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum with his daughter, Lynn. Friendship 7 was still there. ‘’Do you often come here?’’ she asked. Glenn said, ‘’I sometimes need to remember my good old days.’’
,and sometimes they will develop a special reltionship with someone that they only see for a relatively shot period each day.
これと
But a predisposition to interact with people , and to from relationships with the people who respond with you in a sensitive way , is one which is common to human infants all over the world .
and sometimes they will develop a special reltionship with someone that they only see for a relatively shot period each day. そして時には、日にそれ程会わないような人とも特別な関係を築くだろう。
But a predisposition to interact with people , and to from relationships with the people who respond with you in a sensitive way , is one which is common to human infants all over the world . しかしながら子供にとって人とコミュニケーションをとったり、優しく接してくれる人と 仲良くなる傾向は世界共通のものである。
When I was a little girl in first grade, our teacher used to make us play The Imagination Game. She would tell us to close our eyes. Then she would begin to talk about something: a walk in the woods, a visit to a foreign country. "What do you see?" she would ask. My classmate would call out, "Trees! Flowers! Thegreat Wall!" Then the teacher would let us open eyes. "This is the wounderful power of imagination," she would tell us. "With your imagination you can travel to foreign lands without ever leaving your home, you can see things no one else has ever seen, you can fly above the clouds!" Then she would tell us to close our eyes, and we would play The Imagination Game again.
The only problem was, I never saw anything - just darkness. Something I would look at my classmate from the corner of my eye. There they would be, pressed againist their eyes. I thought of the wounderful things they must be seeing: Chinese men all in black with red shoes that turned up at the tips; a crocodile looking out of a river; a little man with red eyes looking out from under a funny hat and then disappearing into a deep hole in the ground. Why couldn't I see these things? I closed my eyes again. Blackness. One day I told my teacher. "You know when we play The Imagination Game?" I said. "Well, I don't see anything." "You don't see anything?" she asked. "Just the dark," I said.
@Celine Dion cannot help beating her chest while she is singing My Heart Will Go On , the theme song for the movie Titanic. She has done it again and again in front of large audiences. If you have seen her on stage, you know how it happens. At the most exciting moments, she lifts her arm, and then beats her chest hard. Celine said, “Even when I’m beating myself, I can’t believe what I’m doing. It hurts, but I find it impossible to stop. Singing makes me very excited.” Thanks to her beautiful voice and big gestures, the French-Canadian singer has sold over 27 million copies of the Titanic throughout the world.
ACeline was born the youngest of 14 children to a working crass family in a small French-Canadian town. Her parents ran a small restaurant ,and there the whole family performed and entertained people in the town on weekends. When she was only 5 years old, she first showed her great talent for music. “ I felt very wonderful when the audience cheered me. I made up my mind to be a singer at that time, ” says Celine. At the age of 12, together with her mother and one of her brothers, Celine wrote a song that would change the course of her life forever. The recording of this song caught the attention of Rene Angelil (カナダ生まれの 音楽プロデユーサー). He was a top manager in the world of show business. As soon as he listened to the song, he came to see her. Hearing her song live, he was sure that she would become an internationally famous singer.
続きです。長文ですいません; BAfter she made her debut in 1982, Celine recording a number of albums and won several awards for them. She had now become one of the most popular singers in Canada. When she was 18, Celine and Rene Angelil thought that the time had come to introduce her to the United States, the center of international show business. Celine and Rene, however, had a problem. She had to Express herself in English in order to succeed in United States. She said to herself, ”If I could speak English like a native speaker, I could go to New York now!” Celine was born and brought up in a society where French is family spoken, and she had learned very little English. Then she decided to master English and practiced it for eight hours a day. Two month later, she was able to speak English like a native speaker. She also mastered other foreign languages in a short time. She then became a superstar around the world as well as in Canada.
訳がわからないので教えて下さい! In the last few years criticism of television has moved to a new stage by changing the focus from the subject matter to the experience of the medium itself
>>75>>76 前の文脈は In many parts of the world, people have been concerned about the influence of television. For years, critics of television have looked at the issue of the program content---particularly violence---as it affects viewers. The problem seems especially serious with younger children. There is evidence that TV in fact makes people accept more violence in everyday life. How could this not happen when it presents violent acts, often with guns and knives, as normal and common occurrences?
確かに辞書では、"in place of 〜"や"in 〜's place"という熟語が"instead of〜"と 同義であると書いてありますが、そもそも、今回は、これは熟語じゃないと思いますよ。 だいたい、人は、自分自身のの代わりには行動しません。 "my place"ってのは、自分に割り当てられた席とか、 自分用の見る場所とか、そういうことじゃないですかねぇ。
CROWN English ReadingのLesson12の訳をお願いします。 9ページほどあるので非常に長いのですが…
--------------------------- I am happy to join with you today inwhat will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. Five score years ago, a great American,in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. But one hundred years later, the Nagano still is not free; one hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination; one hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity; one hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself in exile in his own land. So we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition. In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were singing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was the promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. ---------------------------
Some people say American football is too aggressive. Sure, it's a contact sport, but it's as much about quick reflexes, effective team work and strategic planning as it is brute strength. アメフトは攻撃的過ぎると言う人もいます。 確かに、対戦相手の体に接触するスポーツです。 【ここから下がよく分かりません。】 しかし、それは早い反射神経、効果的チームワーク、それと戦略的な計画 と同じくらい腕力です。??? (中2)
There's a new theory about how children learn that is becoming popular in classrooms. What's the main idea of this new theory? It's that all children are smart, and the job of teachers and parents is to help children find the style of learning that uses their natural intelligence. According to educator and psychologist Thomas Armstrong, the traditional way of teaching suits some children but not others. Armstrong says,"We need to recognize that different children learn in different ways,and that all these ways of learning are okay."
「I really think you should just apologize to him.」 に対する返事で 「I don't know. He was really angly.」ここまでは分かるのですが、その続きの 「I think it'll take more than just a few words.」がわかりません。 英辞郎で「take word」をひいてみましたが、ダメでした。 どなたか、お願いします。
It seems の後は名詞だ、とか形容詞だ、のような決まりはあるのでしょうか? 子育て問題の単元で It seems natural that men should be a breadwinner. のnatural が名詞なら、 「男性は稼ぎ手として、うってつけの人のように思える」だし、 形容詞なら 「男性が稼ぎ手であることは自然なことのように思える」のような 訳になるような気がするのですが・・・。 (すみません、これでも高1)
Bangladesh is a country which has long suffered from flooding storms and famines. For generations people have been forced to live in poverty. If the poor people ob Bangladesh could get even a small loan, they could get started on the way to a better life. They could raise chickens and a cow; they could buy a sewing machine and Make clothing. However ,no bank will loan money to poor people.
Dr. Muhammad Yunus set out to solve this problem. He created a unique institution, the Grameen bank, to provide small loans to the poor, especially to women living in the Villages. Tonight Dr, yunus will tell us how this system. どなたか訳していただけないでしょうか? 別のところにいったら こんなレベルのやつみたいな事言われたのですが。 たしかにそんなに難しくないのかもしれないんですけど… 誰か心優しい方いたら助けてください。
成美堂Polish Up Your Englishの33ページの文です。 Non-smokers who breathe in tobacco fumes―so-called‘second-hand smoke’―can also suffer from the same problems. どなたかよろしくお願い致します。
POWWOW LESSON2 Bottlenose dolphins in tropical and temperate oceans. Living in small and large groups, they are very social animals. They use sound to navigate, to find prey, and to communicate. They are highly intelligent animals. You can see them perform in aquariums.
POWWOW LESSON2 Bottlenose dolphins in tropical and temperate oceans. Living in small and large groups, they are very social animals. They use sound to navigate, to find prey, and to communicate. They are highly intelligent animals. You can see them perform in aquariums. の訳をお願いします
With this new problem statement, you can come up with different solutions: curtains, elastic diaphragms, mechanical shutters, or even an air curtain like those used to keep heat in stores or out of freezers.
CROWN Lesson3 What is our greatest invention? You may wonder if all of these inventions hace improved our lives. Actually, progress in technology can have bad effects. For examples, we have to destroy forests in order to produce the paper for the printing press. The computer and the internet have brought us into the information age. However, now our privacy may be in danger, because other people have easy access to information about us. Progress in medicine has enabled us to live longer, but it is not without its danger. Accidents in hospitals are reported almost every week. Not everyone in the world can enjoy the good effects of inventions. Good hospital care and easy access to the internet are enjoyed in the developoed world, while many of the developing countries are falling further behind. We cannot think only about the wonders of tecnology. What is important is to keep their dangers under control, and to find ways to share these wonders with all the people of our world.
Some of the things and ideas selected as the greatest invention were very interesting. Here are some examples. One person chose the eraser because it allows us to correct our mistakes. A science writer chose the mirror because we can see ourselves in it as others see us. In this way, it encourages self-awareness. A psychologist chose reading glasses because they allow people to read into old age and have prevented the world from being ruled by people under forty. What is interesting about these choices is that they require imagination and a sense of humor. After all, we humans need a sense of humor, dont we? I dont know who invented it, but how does anyone get through life without it? This is Richard Freedman from New York.
You may wonder if all of these inventions have improved our lives. あなたは、全ての発明品が私たちの暮らしを改良してきたのかどうか不思議に思うかもしれない。 Actually, progress in technology can have bad effects. 実際に、技術の進歩は悪い影響を与えている可能性がある。 For examples, we have to destroy forests in order to produce the paper for the printing press. 例えば、印刷機のための紙を作るために、森林を破壊する必要がある。 The computer and the internet have brought us into the information age. コンピュータとインターネットは、私たちを情報化時代に運び込んできた。 However, now our privacy may be in danger, because other people have easy access to information about us. しかし今、人々の中には、私たちについての情報(個人情報)に簡単にアクセスできる人もいるので、私たちのプライバシーは危険な状態にあるかもしれない。 Progress in medicine has enabled us to live longer, but it is not without its danger. 医療の進歩は、私たちに長く生きることを可能にしてきたが、それは危険がないことはない。(=危険がある) Accidents in hospitals are reported almost every week. 病院での事故は、ほぼ毎週報告されている。 Not everyone in the world can enjoy the good effects of inventions. 世界中の誰もが、発明品の良い影響を享受できるわけではない。 Good hospital care and easy access to the internet are enjoyed in the developed world, while many of the developing countries are falling further behind. 発展途上国の大半がさらに立ち遅れている一方、先進国では良い病院の診療やインターネットへのアクセスが享受されている。 We cannot think only about the wonders of tecnology. 私たちは、技術の素晴らしさについてのみを考えることはできない。 What is important is to keep their dangers under control, and to find ways to share these wonders with all the people of our world. 大切なことは、それらの危険を制御することと、世界中の人々とそれらの素晴らしさを分かち合う方法を見つけることだ。
Some of the things and ideas selected as the greatest invention were very interesting. 偉大な発明品として選ばれたのいくつかのモノや考え方は、とても興味深い。 Here are some examples. 例を挙げます。 One person chose the eraser because it allows us to correct our mistakes. ある人は、自分の過ち(ミス)を正すことができるから、消しゴムを選んだ。 A science writer chose the mirror because we can see ourselves in it as others see us. ある科学作家は、第三者が私たちを見るように、私たちがそれで自分自身を見ることができるので、鏡を選んだ。 In this way, it encourages self-awareness. このように、それは自己認識を促す。 A psychologist chose reading glasses because they allow people to read into old age and have prevented the world from being ruled by people under forty. ある科学者は、それは年をとっても読書ができ、40歳未満の人々によって世界が支配されることを妨げるから、読書用メガネを選んだ。 What is interesting about these choices is that they require imagination and a sense of humor. それらの選択について興味深いのは、それらは想像力やユーモアセンスを要することだ。 After all, we humans need a sense of humor, dont we? 結局、私たち人類は、ユーモアセンスが必要なのでしょうね。 I dont know who invented it, but how does anyone get through life without it? This is Richard Freedman from New York. それが誰に発明されたかは分からないが、それなしで、どうやって人生を切り抜けられるのだろうか? こちら、ニューヨークからリチャードフリードマンですた。
CROWN English Reading L7-1 This Dizzy World In our science classes we learn about the laws of physics. Do you remember Newton’s First Law of Motion? Can you apply that law to answer simple everyday questions, such as: Why don’t we feel dizzy on our spinning world? Why do we feel the motion on a roller coaster but not in an airplane that is going much faster?
[Q] If the world is spinning at about 1,600 kilometers per hour, why don’t we get dizzy, feel the wind or somehow notice the motion? Is it just because we are used to it?
The rain forests of the world of rapidly vanishing.But what are the rain forests and why they so important to the whole world?These are two kinds of rain forests:tropical and temperate.Temperate rain forests are generally younger than the tropical rain forests.Most temperate rain forests are located in Rusiia,Canada and the USA. Tropical rain forests,on the other hand,are millions of years old and are located in 85 countries around the world from Latin America,to Southeast Asia.Half of the world's rain forests are found just in three countries: Indonesia Congo ,and Brazil.
「gainA」Unit3 [That's Not the End of the Story] よろしくお願いしますm(_ _)m The members of acommunity of living creatures exist together in a particular, balanced relationship or ecosystem. One animal species eats another animal species which in turn eats another. Over the years a balance is worked out among the plants and animals in a community, and it remains basically stable. However, at times this balance in natuer is disturbed, resulting in a number of unforeseen effects.It is possible for a disturbance in the balance of nature to have natural causes such as disease, drought, and fire. Sometimes, however, human beings intervene in a natural environment, perhaps only slightly and with good intentions. The result is the same. The balance of nature is destroyed and it results in an entire chain reaction of unforeseen and unwanted effects. A good example of this occurred in the Antilles in the 1870s. Sugarcane was a major crop there, but rats were eating and nesting in the sugarcane, causing a great deal of damage. The mongoose, native to the East Indies, was known to be an excellent rat hunter. Several males and females were imported in 1872, and laws that forbade the killing of them were established. The mongoose flourished in the Antilles. After ten years, the mongoose population had increased abundantly and had significantly reduced the rat population. Consequently, danage to the sugarcane fields was greatly reduced. It seemed that the scheme to add another price to the ecosystem in the Antilles had been successful.
However, that is not the end of the story. The influence of the mongoose did not stop there. As the rat population decreased and the mongoose population increased, the mongoose needed to enlarge its menu. It attacked young pigs and goats and began to destroy bananas and pineapples. Because the mongoose could not be hunted, its numbers increased rapidly, and it became a terrible pest. All of the native animals suffered damage. The mongoose learned to enjoy the taste of the native birds, snakes, turtles and their eggs. Now, it was specifically these animals that kept the local insect population in check. There were in the ecosystem of the Antiles a number of beetles and other insects that lived on and in the sugarrcane. Until that time, they had not caused significant damage to the sugarcane, because they were the natural food of many local animals that kept their numbers down. However, as the birds, snakes, and turtles disappeared, the insect population began to increase. With no natural predators to keep them in check, the insects began to do more and more harm to the sugarcane fields. Finally, the people of the Antilles realized that the introduction of the mongoose had destroyed a finely and delicately balanced ecosystem. The laws forbidding killing the mongoose were canceled, and the mongoose population was reduced. Gradually the different members of the plant and animal community came back into balance with each other, and the ecosystem was reestablished.
I understand what you are saying, but are dolphins happy to swim with humans? Please read the handout: TO PET OR NOT TO PET? After that, I'd like to ask if you still think that swimming together is really good for dolphins. の訳をお願いします。
Dolphins always look as if they were smiling. However, it hardly occurs to us that dolphins smile even when they have nothing to be happy about. Luna, a bottlenose dolphin, die smiling. She was captured last December off the coast of Baja California. She was forced to play and swim with tourists in a pen at an aquarium in Mexico. の訳をお願いします。
Brothers by Sherwood Anderson I am at my house in the country and it is late October. It rains. Back of my house is a forest and in front there is a road and beyond that open fields. The country is one of low hills, flattening suddenly into plains. Some twenty miles away, across the flat country, lies the huge city Chicago. On this rainy day the leaves of the trees that line the road before my window are falling like rain, the yellow, red and golden leaves fall straight down heavily. The rain beats them brutally down. They are denied a last golden flash across the sky. In October leaves should be carried away, out over the plains, in a wind. They should go dancing away. Yesterday morning I arose at daybreak and went for a walk. There was a heavy fog and I lost myself in it. I went down into the plains and returned to the hills, and everywhere the fog was as a wall before me. Out of it trees sprang suddenly, grotesquely, as in a city street late at night people come suddenly out of the darkness into the circle of light under a street lamp. Above there was the light of day forcing itself slowly into the fog. The fog moved slowly. The tops of trees moved slowly. Under the trees the fog was dense, purple. It was like smoke lying in the streets of a factory town.
An old man came up to me in the fog. I know him well. The people here call him insane. "He is a little cracked," they say. He lives alone in a little house buried deep in the forest and has a small dog he carries always in his arms. On many mornings I have met him walking on the road and he has told me of men and women who are his brothers and sisters, his cousins, aunts, uncles, brothers-in-law. It is confusing. He cannot draw close to people near at hand so he gets hold of a name out of a newspaper and his mind plays with it. On one morning he told me he was a cousin to the man named Cox who at the time when I write is a candidate for the presidency. On another morning he told me that Caruso the singer had married a woman who was his sister-in-law. "She is my wife's sister," he said, holding the little dog close. His grey watery eyes looked appealing up to me. He wanted me to believe. "My wife was a sweet slim girl," he declared. "We lived together in a big house and in the morning walked about arm in arm. Now her sister has married Caruso the singer. He is of my family now."
As someone had told me the old man had never married, I went away wondering. One morning in early September I came upon him sitting under a tree beside a path near his house. The dog barked at me and then ran and crept into his arms. At that time the Chicago newspapers were filled with the story of a millionaire who had got into trouble with his wife because of an intimacy with an actress. The old man told me that the actress was his sister. He is sixty years old and the actress whose story appeared in the newspapers is twenty but he spoke of their childhood together. "You would not realize it to see us now but we were poor then," he said. "It's true. We lived in a little house on the side of a hill. Once when there was a storm, the wind nearly swept our house away. How the wind blew! Our father was a carpenter and he built strong houses for other people but our own house he did not build very strong!" He shook his head sorrowfully. "My sister the actress has got into trouble. Our house is not built very strongly," he said as I went away along the path. * * * For a month, two months, the Chicago newspapers, that are delivered every morning in our village, have been filled with the story of a murder. A man there has murdered his wife and there seems no reason for the deed. The tale runs something like this--
The man, who is now on trial in the courts and will no doubt be hanged, worked in a bicycle factory where he was a foreman and lived with his wife and his wife's mother in an apartment in Thirty-second Street. He loved a girl who worked in the office of the factory where he was employed. She came from a town in Iowa and when she first came to the city lived with her aunt who has since died. To the foreman, a heavy stolid looking man with grey eyes, she seemed the most beautiful woman in the world. Her desk was by a window at an angle of the factory, a sort of wing of the building, and the foreman, down in the shop had a desk by another window. He sat at his desk making out sheets containing the record of the work done by each man in his department. When he looked up he could see the girl sitting at work at her desk. The notion got into his head that she was peculiarly lovely. He did not think of trying to draw close to her or of winning her love. He looked at her as one might look at a star or across a country of low hills in October when the leaves of the trees are all red and yellow gold. "She is a pure, virginal thing," he thought vaguely. "What can she be thinking about as she sits there by the window at work."
In fancy the foreman took the girl from Iowa home with him to his apartment in Thirty-second Street and into the presence of his wife and his mother-in-law. All day in the shop and during the evening at home he carried her figure about with him in his mind. As he stood by a window in his apartment and looked out toward the Illinois Central railroad tracks and beyond the tracks to the lake, the girl was there beside him. Down below women walked in the street and in every woman he saw there was something of the Iowa girl. One woman walked as she did, another made a gesture with her hand that reminded of her. All the women he saw except his wife and his mother-in-law were like the girl he had taken inside himself. The two women in his own house puzzled and confused him. They became suddenly unlovely and commonplace. His wife in particular was like some strange unlovely growth that had attached itself to his body. In the evening after the day at the factory he went home to his own place and had dinner. He had always been a silent man and when he did not talk no one minded. After dinner he with his wife went to a picture show. There were two children and his wife expected another. They came into the apartment and sat down. The climb up two flights of stairs had wearied his wife. She sat in a chair beside her mother groaning with weariness.
The mother-in-law was the soul of goodness. She took the place of a servant in the home and got no pay. When her daughter wanted to go to a picture show she waved her hand and smiled. "Go on," she said. "I don't want to go. I'd rather sit here." She got a book and sat reading. The little boy of nine awoke and cried. He wanted to sit on the po-po. The mother-in-law attended to that. After the man and his wife came home the three people sat in silence for an hour or two before bed time. The man pretended to read a newspaper. He looked at his hands. Although he had washed them carefully grease from the bicycle frames left dark stains under the nails. He thought of the Iowa girl and of her white quick hands playing over the keys of a typewriter. He felt dirty and uncomfortable. The girl at the factory knew the foreman had fallen in love with her and the thought excited her a little. Since her aunt's death she had gone to live in a rooming house and had nothing to do in the evening. Although the foreman meant nothing to her she could in a way use him. To her he became a symbol. Sometimes he came into the office and stood for a moment by the door. His large hands were covered with black grease. She looked at him without seeing. In his place in her imagination stood a tall slender young man. Of the foreman she saw only the grey eyes that began to burn with a strange fire. The eyes expressed eagerness, a humble and devout eagerness. In the presence of a man with such eyes she felt she need not be afraid.
She wanted a lover who would come to her with such a look in his eyes. Occasionally, perhaps once in two weeks, she stayed a little late at the office, pretending to have work that must be finished. Through the window she could see the foreman waiting. When everyone had gone she closed her desk and went into the street. At the same moment the foreman came out at the factory door. They walked together along the street a half dozen blocks to where she got aboard her car. The factory was in a place called South Chicago and as they went along evening was coming on. The streets were lined with small unpainted frame houses and dirty faced children ran screaming in the dusty roadway. They crossed over a bridge. Two abandoned coal barges lay rotting in the stream. He went by her side walking heavily and striving to conceal his hands. He had scrubbed them carefully before leaving the factory but they seemed to him like heavy dirty pieces of waste matter hanging at his side. Their walking together happened but a few times and during one summer. "It's hot," he said. He never spoke to her of anything but the weather. "It's hot," he said. "I think it may rain." She dreamed of the lover who would some time come, a tall fair young man, a rich man owning houses and lands. The workingman who walked beside her had nothing to do with her conception of love. She walked with him, stayed at the office until the others had gone to walk unobserved with him because of his eyes, because of the eager thing in his eyes that was at the same time humble, that bowed down to her. In his presence there was no danger, could be no danger. He would never attempt to approach too closely, to touch her with his hands. She was safe with him.
In his apartment in the evening the man sat under the electric light with his wife and his mother-in-law. In the next room his two children were asleep. In a short time his wife would have another child. He had been with her to a picture show and in a short time they would get into bed together. He would lie awake thinking, would hear the creaking of the springs of a bed where, in another room, his mother-in-law was crawling between the sheets. Life was too intimate. He would lie awake eager, expectant --expecting, what? Nothing. Presently one of the children would cry. It wanted to get out of bed and sit on the po-po. Nothing strange or unusual or lovely would or could happen. Life was too close, intimate. Nothing that could happen in the apartment could in any way stir him; the things his wife might say, her occasional half-hearted outbursts of passion, the goodness of his mother-in-law who did the work of a servant without pay-- He sat in the apartment under the electric light pretending to read a newspaper--thinking. He looked at his hands. They were large, shapeless, a working-man's hands. The figure of the girl from Iowa walked about the room. With her he went out of the apartment and walked in silence through miles of streets. It was not necessary to say words. He walked with her by a sea, along the crest of a mountain. The night was clear and silent and the stars shone. She also was a star. It was not necessary to say words.
Her eyes were like stars and her lips were like soft hills rising out of dim, star lit plains. "She is unattainable, she is far off like the stars," he thought. "She is unattainable like the stars but unlike the stars she breathes, she lives, like myself she has being." One evening, some six weeks ago, the man who worked as foreman in the bicycle factory killed his wife and he is now in the courts being tried for murder. Every day the newspapers are filled with the story. On the evening of the murder he had taken his wife as usual to a picture show and they started home at nine. In Thirty-second Street, at a corner near their apartment building, the figure of a man darted suddenly out of an alleyway and then darted back again. The incident may have put the idea of killing his wife into the man's head. They got to the entrance to the apartment building and stepped into a dark hallway. Then quite suddenly and apparently without thought the man took a knife out of his pocket. "Suppose that man who darted into the alleyway had intended to kill us," he thought. Opening the knife he whirled about and struck at his wife. He struck twice, a dozen times-- madly. There was a scream and his wife's body fell. The janitor had neglected to light the gas in the lower hallway. Afterwards, the foreman, decided, that was the reason he did it, that and the fact that the dark slinking figure of a man darted out of an alleyway and then darted back again. "Surely," he told himself, "I could never have done it had the gas been lighted."
He stood in the hallway thinking. His wife was dead and with her had died her unborn child. There was a sound of doors opening in the apartments above. For several minutes nothing happened. His wife and her unborn child were dead--that was all. He ran upstairs thinking quickly. In the darkness on the lower stairway he had put the knife back into his pocket and, as it turned out later, there was no blood on his hands or on his clothes. The knife he later washed carefully in the bathroom, when the excitement had died down a little. He told everyone the same story. "There has been a holdup," he explained. "A man came slinking out of an alleyway and followed me and my wife home. He followed us into the hallway of the building and there was no light. The janitor has neglected to light the gas." Well--there had been a struggle and in the darkness his wife had been killed. He could not tell how it had happened. "There was no light. The janitor has neglected to light the gas," he kept saying. For a day or two they did not question him specially and he had time to get rid of the knife. He took a long walk and threw it away into the river in South Chicago where the two abandoned coal barges lay rotting under the bridge, the bridge he had crossed when on the summer evenings he walked to the street car with the girl who was virginal and pure, who was far off and unattainable, like a star and yet not like a star.
And then he was arrested and right away he confessed--told everything. He said he did not know why he killed his wife and was careful to say nothing of the girl at the office. The newspapers tried to discover the motive for the crime. They are still trying. Someone had seen him on the few evenings when he walked with the girl and she was dragged into the affair and had her picture printed in the papers. That has been annoying for her as of course she has been able to prove she had nothing to do with the man. * * * Yesterday morning a heavy fog lay over our village here at the edge of the city and I went for a long walk in the early morning. As I returned out of the lowlands into our hill country I met the old man whose family has so many and such strange ramifications. For a time he walked beside me holding the little dog in his arms. It was cold and the dog whined and shivered. In the fog the old man's face was indistinct. It moved slowly back and forth with the fog banks of the upper air and with the tops of trees. He spoke of the man who has killed his wife and whose name is being shouted in the pages of the city newspapers that come to our village each morning. As he walked beside me he launched into a long tale concerning a life he and his brother, who has now become a murderer, once lived together. "He is my brother," he said over and over, shaking his head. He seemed afraid I would not believe. There was a fact that must be established. "We were boys together that man and I," he began again. "You see we played together in a barn back of our father's house. Our father went away to sea in a ship. That is the way our names became confused. You understand that. We have different names, but we are brothers. We had the same father. We played together in a barn back of our father's house. For hours we lay together in the hay in the barn and it was warm there."
In the fog the slender body of the old man became like a little gnarled tree. Then it became a thing suspended in air. It swung back and forth like a body hanging on the gallows. The face beseeched me to believe the story the lips were trying to tell. In my mind everything concerning the relationship of men and women became confused, a muddle. The spirit of the man who had killed his wife came into the body of the little old man there by the roadside. It was striving to tell me the story it would never be able to tell in the court room in the city, in the presence of the judge. The whole story of mankind's loneliness, of the effort to reach out to unattainable beauty tried to get itself expressed from the lips of a mumbling old man, crazed with loneliness, who stood by the side of a country road on a foggy morning holding a little dog in his arms. The arms of the old man held the dog so closely that it began to whine with pain. A sort of convulsion shook his body. The soul seemed striving to wrench itself out of the body, to fly away through the fog, down across the plain to the city, to the singer, the politician, the millionaire, the murderer, to its brothers, cousins, sisters, down in the city. The intensity of the old man's desire was terrible and in sympathy my body began to tremble. His arms tightened about the body of the little dog so that it cried with pain. I stepped forward and tore the arms away and the dog fell to the ground and lay whining. No doubt it had been injured. Perhaps ribs had been crushed. The old man stared at the dog lying at his feet as in the hallway of the apartment building the worker from the bicycle factory had stared at his dead wife. "We are brothers," he said again. "We have different names but we are brothers. Our father you understand went off to sea." * * *
I am sitting in my house in the country and it rains. Before my eyes the hills fall suddenly away and there are the flat plains and beyond the plains the city. An hour ago the old man of the house in the forest went past my door and the little dog was not with him. It may be that as we talked in the fog he crushed the life out of his companion. It may be that the dog like the workman's wife and her unborn child is now dead. The leaves of the trees that line the road before my window are falling like rain--the yellow, red and golden leaves fall straight down, heavily. The rain beat them brutally down. They are denied a last golden flash across the sky. In October leaves should be carried away, out over the plains, in a wind. They should go dancing away.
After five weeks, she died from a stomach disease caused by stress. A leading Mexican environmental organization is asking for the lelease of Luna's seven companions. "These dolphins are working too much and in horrible conditions," said the president of the organization. "This is dolphin-bullying." の訳をお願いします。
Many tourists would be horrified to know of such a situation. But a growing number of them enjoy playing with these mammals in aquariums. In the U.S., visitors pay 150 dollars to jump into the pool for a half-hour "swim-with" the dolphins. Generally the dolphins are treated well. They are no longer captured in the wild, and there are rules to limit the mammal's working hours. But such standards are less likely to be followed in aquariums outside the U.S. の訳をお願いします。
Dolphins always look as if they were smiling. However, it hardly occurs to us that dolphins smile even when they have nothing to be happy about. Luna, a bottlenose dolphin, die smiling. She was captured last December off the coast of Baja California. She was forced to play and swim with tourists in a pen at an aquarium in Mexico. の訳をお願いします
1 The sun was just coming up. I was in my sleeping bag,still half-asleep. Suddenly I heard an animal approaching. I slowly lifted my head and looked over my feet. A female lion was coming, her head swinging from side to side. Iwanted to wake my wife Delia but I was afraid to move, because we were now on the open fieds of the Kalahari. The lion walked past us and lay down next to a big male lion. Delia was wide awake now, and whispered surgery on his broken leg a few years before. I stood up and saw lions sleeping around us , nine in all. We were in bed with a group of wild lions! This happened during our fifth year on the Kalahari. Delia and I were zoology students who had come to Africa to watch and study wild animals. After months of searching for the right place, We found the Central Kalahari Game Reserve in Botswana. We decided it was an ideal place, so in 1974 we set up ourbase camp there
Much of the Central Kalahari had remained unexplored and unsettled because of the heat and lack of water. There were no villages near our base camp. We had to bring our water across the plains from a small town over 150 kilometers away. In an area larger than lreland, Delia and I were the only human beings except for a few groups of native Africans. The Kalahari was a difficult place for us to live. And it was difficult for the wild animals too. Sometimes they looked friendly, but at other times they fought desperately to survive. By watching about the laws of nature . We also felt that the Kalahari was the homeland of wild animals and guests. What was most important for us to do, We learned, was to leave the plains and the wild animals and plants as they were.
It was during our second year on the Kalahari that I first met Bones. One afternoon, on my way back to the base campe, I spotted him on the open plains about 300 meters from my truck. He was standing over the body of an African deer that had been killed months before. He was trying to eat the old, hard skin of the dead animal. He probably had not eaten for weeks. I could clearly see his ribs under his loose, hanging skin. As my truck slowly approached, he started to walk away. Every few steps he feel to the ground and then struggled to get on his feet again. Finally , he fell hard to the ground and didn't move at all. It was clear that he lay dying there. Now I was faced with a dilemma. I debated wheher I should try to save his life or not . I saied to myself that I was on the Kalahari to watch and study the animals ,not to interfere with them in any way. And even if I tried , could I save his life? I was quite at a loss what to do. After nearly twenty minutes , I finally decided to help him if I could.
The lion's leg was badly broken, a small bone sticking throught the skin. I had no choice but to cut off he bone and sew up the wound. Withe the truck I pulled him under a tree. Later, before sunset, I broght food and water from the base camp and put it beside him. For ten days I brought food and water to Bones. He was recovering and becoming used to my presence. Bones and I became friends. On the eleventh day I heard the roar of another lion far away. Bones stood up, roared back in reply, and walked away into the Kalahari. I was happy to have had the chance to help him. One day, about a week later, Bones returned. He came followed by his group . They sat under the trees near our base camp and watches us curiously. After that, they came often, and slowly they became used to us. By and by,our base camp became their playgroud. We grew very close to them, especially to Bones. We found him to be a brave fighter but , when he lay outside our tent, he was as gentle as a year stay on the Kalahari, no one became closer to us than our dear friend Bones.
In our sixth year on the Kalahari, the rainy season didn't come. Many animals wandered toward the edge of the Game Reserve to look for water. We worried about them because there were hunters outside the Reserve. We didn't expect to see any lions around our base camp. So we were very surprised to find Bones at our base camp one day. " Good afternoon, Mr.Bones" I said. I noticed the tag, "001." Bones looked up at me with his gentle eyes. After a few minutes, he walked off into the plains. Perhaps he had come to say good-bye. Two months passed and there was still no rain. We hadn't seen Bones during this time. We wondered if Bones was all right. Finally , we decided to look for him. As we approached the edge of the Reserve, a message came over our car radio. It was a friend calling from a town outside the Reserve. "Mark, Delia, this is Doug. Are you there?" "Yes, Doug, this is Mark. Haw are you?" "Fine, but I have some bad news for you. sine hunters shot a lion today. He's gotone of your tags on his ear." "What's... the number, Doug?" "It's 001."
Many tourists would be horrified to know of such a situation. But a growing number of them enjoy playing with these mammals in aquariums. In the U.S., visitors pay 150 dollars to jump into the pool for a half-hour "swim-with" the dolphins. Generally the dolphins are treated well. They are no longer captured in the wild, and there are rules to limit the animal's working hours. But such standards are less likely to be followed in aquariums outside the U.S. の訳をお願いします。
In Cuba, a fisherman can earn more than a year's income by selling a dolphin on the black market for about 800 dollars. Once trained, that same dolphin brings in 1500 dollars a day at a Caribbean aquarium. Several cases have been reported of dolphins suffering from stress. An activist in Canada, who works to stop swimwiths, says, "Dolphins are really being bullied by humans all day long. These tanks are death traps for them." の訳をお願いします。
CROWNI、LESSON5全て訳していただきたいんです。 申し訳ありません。 @ Today I would like to talk about my trip to Yonoguni Island. Do you know where this island is? As you can see in the map here,it lies in the far west of Japan. The reason why Ichose this particular island was that Ihad heard about a huge stone structure found on the sea bottom near the shore. This spot has often been featured on TV and in books and magazines, so some of you may already know about it. I wanted to do some research on this mysterious structure, and that's why I decided tovisit this island.
A For those of you who have not seen the spot before,I have prepared some slides. Let's take a look at them. The first one shows what the structure looks like. It is 150 meters wide and 26 meters high. The top of the structure rises one meter avobe the sea. What impression do you get from slide? Do you think it's natural or man-made? Before we try to answer this question,let's take a closer look. The next slide shows a stone structure which looks like a gate. If you swim through here, you see a pair of large stones standing right in front of you. Now this one here shows what appears to be a road about five or six meters wide. If you keep going, you get to a stairway. On top of it, there is a flat open area as you can see here. There are other interesting features at the upper part of the structure. This slide shows something that appears to be a waterway. There are also two large rocks that look like turtles. The last slide shows a place where a round stone, three meters across, is sitting on a base.
B If these features are man-made, what was their purpose? Some researchers belive that this stone structure was a fortress. Others say that it was a shrine because of the turtle-shaped rocks and the round stone on the base. No one has yet been able to explain fully why the structure was made, if it was actually man-made. Now if this structure is man-made, it had to be built on land. As a matter of fact, scientists belive that there was a long land bridge between Okinawa and China about 200,000 years ago. Since then, the area around the mysterious structure has been under water several times. About 6,000 years ago, it went under water again, and the present geological features of the area were formed. If so, the structure was formed sometime before 6,000 years ago. One scientist even claims that it was created over 10,000years ago. If is that old, it means that there was once a very old civilization that has now been lost.
C Some scientists don't belive that this stone structure was man-made. They claim that the evidence is not strong enough. Some people say that stories about lost civilizations should always be taken with a grain of salt. However, let me just say this. People in Okinawa have long believed that there is a plasce called Niraikanai(沖縄のニライカナイ信仰) at the bottom of the sea ,and that it's where their ancestors used to live. Some say it is related to the legend of Urashima-Taro and the underwater castle he visited. Since we have often handed down our history in the form of legends, the belief in Niraikanai and the legend of Urashima-Taro may possibly reflect the memory of people who used to live in old Ryukyu. We know that Urashima-Taro brought back a tamatebako, a treasure box from the underwater castle. What will scientists bring back from the sea bottom of Okinawa? Will it cause a big change in our understanding of human history, or will it be nothing but smoke? We will just have to wait and see. Thank you for listening. ?
If these features are man-made, what was their purpose? もしこれらの特徴が人工的なものであれば、なにが目的だったのだろう? Some researchers belive that this stone structure was a fortress. ある研究家はこの石の構築物は要塞であったと信じている。 Others say that it was a shrine because of the turtle-shaped rocks and the round stone on the base. 他の研究家は亀の形の岩や円い岩が基盤になっていたため、それは神殿だと話している。 No one has yet been able to explain fully why the structure was made, if it was actually man-made. その構築物がなぜ作られたの完全に説明できる人はいまだに誰一人としていない。 Now if this structure is man-made, it had to be built on land. いまもしこの構築物が人間の手によって作られるなら、陸上に立てられらければならなかった。 As a matter of fact, scientists belive that there was a long land bridge between Okinawa and China about 200,000 years ago. 実際、科学者達は約200,000年前には沖縄と中国が陸でつながっていたと信じている。 Since then, the area around the mysterious structure has been under water several times. それから、不思議な構築物がある周辺地帯は年々も水面下にあるのである。 About 6,000 years ago, it went under water again, and the present geological features of the area were formed. 約6,000年前、それはまた水の中に沈んでいったし、この土地の現在の地理的な特徴は形成された。 If so, the structure was formed sometime before 6,000 years ago. もしそうならば、この構築物は6,000より前のまでのうちに作られた。 One scientist even claims that it was created over 10,000years ago. ある科学者は10,000前以上に作られたとさえ主張している。 If is that old, it means that there was once a very old civilization that has now been lost. もしそんなに昔のことだとすれば、今も失われている古代文明がかつては存在していたということを意味する。
Many foreigners, most of whom have precious little knowledge of Japanese,complain that the language is too lacking in clarity or logic to fit modern technological or scientific needs. Even some Japanese make this charge, but it is, of course, balderdash, as,the extraordinary success of the Japanese in modern times has shown. All languages have infinite capacities for ambiguities and unclarities, and probably it is easier to be ambiguous and vague in Japanese than in most Indo-European tongues.Certainly the Japanese, with their suspicion of verbal skills, their confidence in nonverbal understanding, their desire for consensus decisions, and their eagerness to avoid personal confrontation, do a great deal more beating around the verbal bush than we do and usually try to avoid the "frankly speaking"approach so dear to Americans. They prefer in their writing as well as their talk a loose structure of argument, rather than careful logical reasoning, and suggestion or illustration , rather than sharp, clear statements. But there is nothing about the Japanese language which prevents concise, clear, and logical presentation , if that is what one wishes to make. The Japanese language itself is fully up to the demands of modern life.
>>295 Many foreigners, most of whom have precious little knowledge of 多くの外国人は、ほとんど日本語の貴重な知識と言うものを身につけていないのだが Japanese,complain that the language is too lacking in clarity or logic to 日本語が明確さや論理に欠けているので fit modern technological or scientific needs. Even some Japanese make this 現代の技術や科学が求めるものに対応できないと批判している。日本人でさえ charge, but it is, of course, balderdash, as,the extraordinary success of このような批判をする者もいる。しかし、もちろんそれは戯言に過ぎないし近代の日本の成功は異常な the Japanese in modern times has shown. All languages have infinite 異常なように見られている。全ての言語は capacities for ambiguities and unclarities, and probably it is easier to be 曖昧さや不明確さに対して無限の能力を持ち合わせていて、おそらく ambiguous and vague in Japanese than in most Indo-European 多くのインド・ヨーロッパ言語より日本語においてのほうがそれは容易にいえることであろう tongues.Certainly the Japanese, with their suspicion of verbal skills, their 確かに日本語は、言葉の曖昧さという疑念さや、confidence in nonverbal understanding, their desire for consensus decisions, 言葉で表現しなくても理解できるという自信、総意に基づいた決定を下したいという欲望 and their eagerness to avoid personal confrontation, do a great deal more そして個人の衝突を避けようとする願いを持ち合わせているが、 beating around the verbal bush than we do and usually try to avoid the 我々よりもかなり要点をつかんで話しているし、いつも "frankly speaking"approach so dear to Americans. They prefer in their アメリカ人に敬意を払って「率直に話すこと」を遠慮しているのだ。
They prefer in their writing as well as their talk a loose structure of argument, rather than 日本人は話すのと同様に書き言葉でも文法にとらわれない話し方を好んでいる。 careful logical reasoning, and suggestion or illustration , rather than それは文法的に貴重な理由や、提案、また説明によりもそうだし sharp, clear statements. But there is nothing about the Japanese language 的確で明確な言及よりもそちらを好んでいる。しかし日本語について which prevents concise, clear, and logical presentation , if that is what 簡潔で、明確で論理的に表現するものはない、たとえもし誰かがそうしようとしても one wishes to make. The Japanese language itself is fully up to the demands of modern life. 日本語自体が現代様式の要求に対して十分すぎるものであるからである。
A dictionary defines the word as follows:"Dialogue is communication or discussion between people or groups of people such as governments or political parties." 【中略】 Dialogue is, on the other hand, like putting one's arms around different points of view. "In other words, it is the art of thinking together," says William Isaacs, an MIT professor and a leader in the study of dialogue.
>>308ありがとうございます 中略部分は and yet it is more than just talk. we talk because we want the other person to understand our ideas. in that case, the partner could be just a listener. you may simply try to say what you want to say, and so does your partner. when we talk to each other, we don't necessarily think that the other person has a different opinion. ですが。。。。ヒントありますか?
>>309 【中略】 一方で対話とは異なった視点を持つ者達が手を取り合うようなものだ。 「言い換えると、対話とは共に思考する技術なんだよ。」とMITの教授であり対話学の第一人者である William Isaacsさんは言う。
ってとこかな?ぐぐったら全文があったんだけど、ヒントは後文の方にあったなw
ただのお喋りは必ずしも別意見同士とは限らないけど、 対話は意見が異なるもの同士でやるものだと。
like putting one's arms around different points of view. = the art of thinking together = to talk across our differences and invent new directions for the future.
Taro is a high school student visiting England for the summer. Because of his interest in the environment,he visits the Millennium Seed Bank in Sussex. A guide talks about the project. Lesson7-1 How many of you have seen the movie Jurassic Park? It is an about what happens when some scientists bring dexciting movie inosaurs back to life. The dinosaurs have been extinct for millions and millions of years, but they are brought back to life by using their DNA. DNA is a molecule with a code that contains everything needed to built a living thing. Some scientists believe that if you have its DNA, you can make a living thing that has become extinct. But up until now, no one has been able to bring an extinct animal back to life. Jurassic Park is science fiction. What would you think if I told you that living things that have become extinct can be brought back to life? What if I told you that this is not science fiction but science fact? Would you believe me? Look at this plant. Would you believe that this plant was once extinct and that is has been brought back to life? Well, it is true.
Lesson7-2 In 1922 an English scientist discovered an Egyptian king’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings, where he found have thought that they were dead, but he was able to use the seeds from these peas to grow new plants. These peas are now planted and grown all over the world, including England, America, and Japan. Just like the DNA in Jurassic Park, the seeds contain the code necessary to build a living plant. Science fiction becomes fact. The Millennium Seed Bank you are visiting today is trying to conserve plants for the future by collecting and storing seeds from all over England and the world. Since seeds contain the code necessary to make living things, we can use seed banks to save endangered species. Why are we putting so much effort into this project? Why do we need to conserve plants? Most importantly, plants are the basis of life on Earth. They provide food for almost all forms of life, including thousands of animals, birds, and millions of insects. Since not a few plants have been lost, the world’s other living things dependent upon them must have disappeared too.
New technology changes our lives. The 19th century was transformed by the steam engine, electricity and the telegraph ;the 20th century was transformed by radio and TV, automobiles and airplanes, computers, and nuclear power. What new technology will most affect our lives in the 21st century? Many scientists believe the answer to that question is "nanotechnology."
On December 29, 1959, Richard P.Feynman, a Nobel prize winner in physics, made an epoch-making speech, the title of which was "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom." In his speech, feynman speculated on the possibility of exploring the world that exists "down at the bottom," i.e., the world of atoms and molecules. He cautioned that he was not talking about miniaturization of, say, electric motors that are the size of the nail on your little finger, but rather a "staggeringly small world that is below." He further predicted that in the future we would be able to make machines as small as molecules. Feynman's ideas seemed strange at the time he made his speech in 1959, but today he is thought to be the father of nanotechnology, which is on the cutting edge of modern science. What is nanotechnology? What impact will it have on our lives?
The "Coca-Colaization of the culture" of south Pacific is a fairly recent phonomenon not appar-ent until a few decades ago,said Anh Sung-Kyu ,the senior WHO repre-sentative in the Pacific islands.
The traditional diet revolves around the starchy taro root,sup-plemented by yams,bananas,bread-fruit and the bounty of the sea.
But "with mothers now having to work, it is far easier to prepare canned foods than to wash, peel and cook taro,"said Christine Gapthey,a district nurse administator for the Micronesian state of Yap.
For some families,"eating canned food makes them feel more well-off,"Gap they said.
Anh said most goverments in the Pacific were already conscious of the problem of lifestyle-related diseases,and were undertaking measures to remedy it,with some focusing on sports and others on education.
Offical figures have revealed a further jump in Japan's trade surplus,in a sign that the country's export-led recovery is still going strong.
The value of Japan's exports exceeded that of its imports by 934 billion yen in May,a 35% increase on the year,the Finance Ministry said.
Japan's trade surplus has now risen for 11 months running,helped by a recovering world economy.The latest increase reflects strong demand for cars and degital cameras.
The figures for May confirmed the importance of other Asian countries to Japan's export-oriented economy.
The value of Japan's exports to teh rest of Asia rose by 17.5% on the yearto 2.3 trillion yen,or 49% of total export revenues.
Export to the U.S.,meanwhile, feel 7% on the year to just over 1 trillion yen. The decline in the value of U.S.-bound exports reflected a growing trend for Japanese companies to export to the U.S.via their subsidiaries in China.
Analysts said the export boom would continue for the next few months,buoyed by sustained demand from China and other fast-growing Asian economies.
However,they warned that credit-tightening measures introduced by the Chinese goverment in a effort to prevent the economy from over-heating could hinder Japan's export performance towerds the end of the year.
UNICORN 4-4です。訳お願いします。m(_ _)m After dinner at my hotel,most of the people stayed in the dining room to drink tea. The atmosphere was warm and friendle. We talked about things such as Beatrix Potter and her stories. I asked the owner of the hotel,『How have Potter`s house and the Lake District been protected so well for so many years?』 He told me all about the National Trust - a private organization to protectplaces of historic interest or natural beauty in Britain. One thing I found interesting was the Trust`s motto. 『One pound from a million people rather than a million pounds from one.』 He told me that Ptter bought a lot of land and left all of it to the Trust. But she asked the Trust to keep the land just as it was shen she gave it. Potter was a great woman,wasn`t she?
"I'm sorry", I said. "It's none of my business what you do.The trouble is, I'm a writer,and most writers are terribly nosey parkers."
"You wirte books is okay',he said.'It's what I call a skilled trade too. The folks I despise is them that spend all their lives doin" crum-my old routine jobs with no skill in "em at all. You see what I mean" "Yes." "The secret of life," he said, " is to become very very good at somthin" that's very very "ard to do." "Like you," I said. "Exactly. You and me both." "What makes you think the I'm any good at my job?" I asked. "There's an awful lot of bad writers around." "You wouldn't be drivin" about in a car like this if you weren't no good at it," he answered. " It must've cost a tidy packet, this little job." "It wasn't cheap." "What can she do flat out?" he asked. "One hundred and twenty-nine miles an hour," I told him.
"I'll bet she won't do it." "I'll bet she will." "All car makers is liars," he said. "You can buy any car you like and it'll never do what the makers say will in the ads." "This one will." "Open 'er up then and prove it," he said. "Go on, guv'nor, open 'er right up and let's see what she'll do."
There is a roundabout at Chalfont St Peter and immediately beyond it there's a long straight section of dual carriageway. We came out of the roundabout on to the carriageway and I pressed my foot down on the accelerator. The big car leaped forward as though she'd been stung. In ten seconds or so, we were doing ninety. "Lovely!" he cried. "Beautiful!keep goin'!" I had the accelerator jammed right down against the floor and I held it there. "One hundred!" he shouted..."A hondred and five!...A hundred and fifteen!Go on!Don't slack off!" I was in the outside lane and we flashed past several cars as though they were standing still-agreen Mini, a big cream-coloured Citroen , a white Land-Rover, a huge truck with a container on the back, an orange-coloured Volkswagen Mini-bus...
So photographs tell us a lot. They show us what happened in the past. They sometimes show us things we may not wish to see. The twentieth century was century of war. Ttere were two world wars, and a cold war ; and smaller wars all over the world. A Japanese journalist even calles the twentieth century "thirty-six thousand days of suffering." It is perhaps difficult to find any sign of hope in the photos here, but we can if we try. Kim Phuc's story is a good example. With warm support from a great many people, she now ejoys a family life in Canada. She says, "I have to show my son what happened to his mom , to her country, and that there sould never be war again." There ashould never be war again. This is the message we would like the photographs of this exhibition to bring to you today. I would like to leave you with the thought that all this happened not so long ago. (not so long agoはこの話のタイトルで斜めに書かれている) Thank you.
How do you determine whather a current idea, event of problem is news? How do yo ( 1 ) it, separating swiftly the news and the non-news in what happens? How can you be sure that it will ( 2 ) readers,listeners, or viewers? To answer these questions, examaine the elements ( 3 ) in all news. These may also be termed news values, appeals, factors, determinants, or criteria. Even if one is ( 4 ) , the reporter may question whether the happening is news. The five news elements are :(a) timeliness, (B)( 5 ), (C)size, (D)importance (E)personal benefit.
common , interest,missing ,nearness,recognize,remoteness
If you go to a marketplace in Yunnan Province, China, you will find all sorts of natto being sold. Inside a bamboo case, you will find packs of natto wrapped in straw. They have the same smell as Japanese natto. Natto-eating clutures can also be found in Southeast Asia---in Myanmar, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos. In other words, natto-eating cultures have developed in the mountains and spread down along the Mekong River. Natto is not only delicious but also good for the health. The natto bacilli prevent harmful bacilli from multiplying in the intestines. While traveling abroad, I always take dried natto with me. Once I went to Cambodia with seven young Japanese people. They all ended up with terrible cases of diarrhea. I had eaten twice as much as they did, but I didn't get sick. Because of the natto, my intestines were stronger than those of the young people. By eating natto every day, my intestines are full of natto bacilli. The natto bacilli can kill off even dangerous bacilli that can cause food poisoning. 長いですが、どうか日本語訳にお願いします。
Another time,the same friend had a problem with shopping.He was staying with American friends.They were very kind to him.He wanted to help them by doing some shopping for them.His host mother said to him,“Could you buy some dressed chicken,please?”He didn't know exactly what a‘dressed’chicken was.He thought that the chicken had to be ‘dressed’in all its original feathers. The butcher was surprised when he was asked for a chicken with its feathers on.But he gave my friend what he asked for.My friend then triumphantly gave the chicken to his host mother.At first she wasn't very pleased. However,she laughed when she understood his mistake.She told him,“When we talk about‘dressed chicken’or‘dressed crab,’we mean chicken or crab that is prepared for cooking.”
Luebeck prpsecutor Michael Boeckenhauer said the fire started simulataneously in several places,indicating arson. But, police later said they were still investigating and had not ruled out " a technical defect" as the cause. "All possibilities are being invesrigated," said chief prosecutor Heribert Ostendorf. The building, which was reduced to a smoking shell, had housed asylum-seekers from Angola, Zaire, Lebanon, Syria and Poland. Four children were among those killed. One panicked woman jumped to her death from the flaming house holdin her child in her arms, police said. The child was hospitalized with severe injuries. Officals said an unknown number of people who lived on the upper floors were still missing. Firefighters combed the rubble throughout the day but, with the house in danger of collapse, called off the search late Thursday until morning. In all,15 people were hospitalized, six with life - threatening injuries, officals said. About 20 others suffered less serious injuries. Police initially put the injured total at 55, but later lowered the figure. Survivors were in shock. Wearing just a thin, gray coat and white slippers as protection against the bitter cold,Joao Bunga of Angola stood in front of the scorched house where he and his family lived while wating for Germany to decide on their asylum request. Some friends, also from Angola, tried to lead him into a warm bus, but he pulled way, refusing to leave the street outside the smoking shell where his wife had perished. Bunga, Who has been in Germany six years waiting for asylum, said he had been awakened by his children crying "Fire!Fire!" They managed to get out, but not his wife.
CROWN1のL7−2ですよろしくおねがいします。 あとその先もあればよろしくおねがいします。 Let’s start with this one. This photograph was taken by an American photojournalist, Joe O’Donnell, in Nagasaki in 1945. He recently spoke to a Japanese interviewer about this picture: ”I saw a boy about the years old walking by. He was carrying a baby on his back. In those days in Japan, we often saw children playing with their little brothers or sisters on their backs, but this boy was clearly different. I could see that he had come to this place for a serious reason. He was wearing no shoes. His face was hard. The little head was tipped back asleep” ”The boy stood there for five or ten minutes. The men in white masks walked over to him and quietly began to take off the rope that was holding the baby, That is when I saw that thebaby was already dead. The men held the body by the hands and feet and placed it on the fire. ”The boy stood there straight without moving, watching the flames. He was biting his lower lip so hard that it shone with blood. The flame burned low like the sun going down. The boy turned around and walked silently away.”
For thousands of years, Japanese have eaten the fiber-rich crops that grow well in Japan's climate. In recent years nothing has changed more drastically than the Japanese diet. Many of the traditional foods are no longer eaten, and now many Japanese suffer from intestinal diseases. Fermented foods promote digestion. Yogurt is probably the most famous of them. At the beginning of the 20th century, a Russian scientist was traveling in Bulgaria. There he met many healthy men and women over the age of 100 and learned that they all ate a good amount of a sweet-sour fermented milk. At that time, it was not yet known as yogurt, however. He found that this fermented milk was the reason they lived a long life and didn't get sick easily. News of the discovery of the "elixir of life" spread around the whole world. Yogurt is now a global food that is eaten almost everywhere. There is another fermented food that we shouldn't forget. That is Japanese tsukemono. In the making of tsukemono, the moisture of the vegetables is reduced, so that the final product basically consists of fiber. Thus, by eating even just a little, you can increase your intake of fiber. Besides, as tsukemono is never heated, vitamins aren't lost. 長いですがどうか日本語訳にお願いします。
Our century, which began and has developed under the insignia of industrial civilization, first invented the machine and then took it as its life model. We are enslaved by speed and have all succumbed to the same insidious virus: Fast Life, which disrupts our habits, pervades the privacy of our homes and forces us to eat Fast Foods. To be worthy of the name, Homo Sapiens should rid himself of speed before it reduces him to a species in danger of extinction. A firm defense of quiet material pleasure is the only way to oppose the universal folly of Fast Life. May suitable doses of guaranteed sensual pleasure and slow, long−lasting enjoyment preserve us from the contagion of the multitude who mistake frenzy for efficiency. Our defense should begin at the table with Slow Food. Let us rediscover the flavors and savors of regional cooking and banish the degrading effects of Fast Food. In the name of productivity, Fast Life has changed our way of being and threatens our environment and our landscapes. So Slow Food is now the only truly progressive answer. That is what real culture is all about: developing taste rather than demeaning it. And what better way to set about this than an international exchange of experiences, knowledge, projects? Slow Food guarantees a better future. Slow Food is an idea that needs plenty of qualified supporters who can help turn this (slow) motion into an international movement, with the little snail as its symbol.
CROWN1のL7−3です。 訳してください。お願いします。 ===以下本文=== Let's take a look at another picture. I'm sure some of you have seen this picture before. It was taken at the time of the Vietnam War in 1972. Here a young girl,Kim Phuc,is running down a road in pain, with her clothes burned off. This is what she once said about the experience: "I didn't hear anything,but I saw the fire around me. And suddenly my clothes were gone because of the fire. And I saw the fire over my body,especinally my arm. But my feet weren't burned. I was crying,and I was running out of the fire. I kept running and running and running. "I was in the hospital. Fourteen months. I went through seventeen operations to repair the burns over half my body. And that thing changed my life. It made me think about how I could help people. "When my parents first showed me the picture from the newspaper,I couldn't believe that it was me,because it was so terrible. I want everybody to see that picture,because in that picture people can see what war is. It's terrible for the children. You can see everything in my face. I want people to learn from it."
Sakamoto:I never dreamed that I would go with Cris to Mozambique,and to the very place where he had lost his arm and leg. Though Cris I learned that the landmine is a thing that "does not place," and how much it can damage people's lives.
Redglare:How did this mine issue become connected to your music?
Sakamoto:First of all, I looked at the maps of countries where people are being killed and injured by landmines. Korea,Cambodia,Bosnia,Angola,Mozambique. I became interested in the music that was being listened to in those countries. I searched the Internet. I read books. I just wondered how to put it all togeter in music. Of course, it would not do to destroy the native characterestics of the cultures no matter how serios you might be. But many of the participating musicians shared the belief that removing landmines is one step toward ending the old-fashioned idea that ploblems can be solved by violence.
SINGAPOLE-the Singaporean Government says that Singlish is no good, and that thier people must learn how to speak good English. Is it possible for the government tomake thier people speak good English? Singapore's leaders have begun the Speak Good English Movement to get rid of a dialect known as Singlish. This project may be more difficult than it sounds. It is a fact of linguistic life that languages change. As the English language grows in the world, it is creating new dialects called "Englishes". Singlish is one of them. So is Taglish, a mixture of English and Tagalog, one of the languages of the Philippines. There are many more, particularly in India, Jamaica, and Nigeria, which all used to belong to Britain. "Singlish same for every body," said Neo Lolaine, who, like other taxi drivers, is good at speaking Singlish. "Every Singaporean speak. Me too. It not a dialect." But Ms.Lolaine says she sees the need for change. "Because we a small country, cannot be not organized,"she said. "Strict is good. That why we have a nice city."
@Media literacy is the ability to understand how media works,how it creates meaning,how it is made up,and how it constructs reality. AThis will help us use the media wisely. BMedia literacy is a new way of looking at communication in the twenty-first century. CIt pays attention to the "how" of communicating as well as to the "what". DAs media becomes more widespread and its importance more widely recognized,all young people will be studying it as a school subject in the near future so that they can learn to use it appropriately rather than be unconsciously used by it.
Hokkaido is northern island in Japan. It has really cold weather in winter. People who live in this religion can look much snow that cover with ground deeply. It deeper than heights of children. The vastest island in Japan is Honshu. According toa dictionary, The huge of Honshu is the eighth of big mainland in the world. In the meanwhile, the smallest island in Japan is Shinshu.It includes only four prefectures. But people who live in there make the most of characteristic of this area and live a life of luxury. For example, there are many delicious foods in this area -mandarin Orenge, freshs and so on. The warmest island in Japan is Kyushu. This area rarely has snow. It is same as his neighbor island =Okinawa. Thanks to genial climate, there is much nature in Kyushu. Japan is a small country. But it is so narrow and long shape that there are many kinds of characteristic religions.
CROWN1のL7−3です。 訳してください。お願いします。 ===以下本文=== Let's take a look at another picture. I'm sure some of you have seen this picture before. It was taken at the time of the Vietnam War in 1972. Here a young girl,Kim Phuc,is running down a road in pain, with her clothes burned off. This is what she once said about the experience: "I didn't hear anything,but I saw the fire around me. And suddenly my clothes were gone because of the fire. And I saw the fire over my body,especinally my arm. But my feet weren't burned. I was crying,and I was running out of the fire. I kept running and running and running. "I was in the hospital. Fourteen months. I went through seventeen operations to repair the burns over half my body. And that thing changed my life. It made me think about how I could help people. "When my parents first showed me the picture from the newspaper,I couldn't believe that it was me,because it was so terrible. I want everybody to see that picture,because in that picture people can see what war is. It's terrible for the children. You can see everything in my face. I want people to learn from it."
Lesson 42 Every year there are water shortages in various places on earth. The problem is not that there is not enough water. The problem is that the right amount of water is not in the right places at the right times. There are several causes of water shortages. Some desert areas always receive too little rain. Changes in weather conditions mean that some areas have temporary dry seasons. How the water is used also affects the water supply. In some dry areas, groundwater is used for farming. Most of this water changes into vapor and disappears from the surfaces of plants and the land. Eventually it falls to earth again as rain and snow, but weather patterns make it likely that it will fall in a far distant place. In this way, water supplies in some areas are gradually drying up. The biggest natural underground water reserve in the United States stretches from Nebraska to Texas. This resource is being used so fast that the water level is falling about a meter each year. At this rate, it will be dry by the year 2020. The level of the land in San Joaquin Valley, in California, has dropped almost 9 meters in the last 50 years as groundwater has been removed from beneath the surface. Water shortages also Occur in areas where rainfall is ample but where the population is large. The East Coast of the United States is an example. (240 words)
CHECK □causes □mean that … □be used for □make it likely that … □in this way □stretch from A to B □so 〜 that … □valley □rainfall is ample □the population is large □an example
Singlish bad; English Good There is no such things as an ugly language. -Elias Canetti- There are American English, British English, Indian English, and several other "Englishes." Is any one better than another? Here is a newspaper report about the Speak Good English Movement in Singapore.
SINGAPORE-The Singaporean Government says that Singlish is no good, and that their people must learn how to speak good English. Is it possible for the government to make their people speak good English? Singapore's leaders have begun the Speak Good English Movement to get rid of a dialect known as Singlish. This project may be more difficult than it sounds. It is a fact of linguistic life that languages change. As the English language grows in the world, it is creating new dialects called "Englishes." Singlish is one of them. So is Taglish, a mixture of English and Tagalog, one of the languages of the Philippines. There are many more, particulary in India, Jamaica, and Nigera, which all used to belong to Britain. "Singlish same for everybody," said Neo Lolaine, who, like other taxi drivers,is good at speaking Singlish. "Every Singaporean speak. Me too. It not a dialect. But Ms. Lolaine says she sees the need for change. "Because we a small country, cannot be not organized," she said. "Strict is good. That why we have a nice city." 長い文ですがどうか日本語訳をお願いします。
>>374で 1,What does the government of Singapore say about Singlish? 2,Why have Singapore's leaders begun the Speak Good English Movement? 3,What kind of language is Taglish? と聞かれたらどのようにこたえるのがベストでしょうか?
>>381 1.シンガポール政府はシングリッシュに関してなんと言っていますか? →It says that Singlish is no good. 2.なぜシンガポールの指導者たちは優良英語推進運動を始めたのですか? →It's because they want to get rid of a dialect known as Singlish. 3.タグリッシュとはどんな言語ですか? →Taglish is a mixture of English and Tagalog, one of the languages of the Philippins. これでいいのかなー。簡単すぎて逆になんか不安だ・・・
People in these regions have more in common than calories, natural food,their mountains,and their distance from modern cities. Because these people live in the countryside and are mostly farmers, their lives are physically hard. Thus,they do not need to go to health clubs because they get a lot of exercise in their daily work. In addition,although their lives are hard,the people do not seem to have the worries of city people. Their lives are quiet. Consequenty, some experts believe that physical exercise and freedom from worry might be the most important secrets of longevity.
CROWNTLesson6-3 P93 L3 When we destroy a wild area, maybe we are destroying the cure for cancer and other diseases without knowing it. 翻訳かけても微妙な訳しか出てきませんでした。。 どなたかお願いします。 without 〜ing で『〜することなしに』なんですが。。。
Besides, ther are kinds of living things that we must not destroy. その他にも我々が破壊してはならない数種類の生物がいます。(? Many drugs for human diseases come from plants and insects. 人間の病気のための多くの薬は、植物と昆虫から作られています。(?
Throughout the world there are more native speakers of Chinese than there are of English, but English is by far the world's most dominant second language. Today, 350 million people speak English as their mother tongue, but more than a billion speak it as a second language, at least a little. Most of them are in Asia. And as with Western music, fashion, food, and politics, people in Asia are changing the language. "Now it's not native speakers that are moving English forward," said Larry Smith, a professor of international English. "It's the non-native speakers, the people in Singapore, the people in Malaysia." Standard English is the common language of Singapore's population of 4 million, one of the four official languages that also include Malay, Mandarin Chinese and Tamil. Singlish combines parts of all of these. It is simple and clear. Get to the point. Got coffee or not? Got! "We are learning English so we can understand the world and the world can understand us," said a government leader of Singapore. "It is important to speak and write standard English. Standard English is also a common form of communication in a nation with many languages. If the less educated half of our people end up learning to speak only Singlish, they will suffer economically and socially." English is the language of the Internet, of movies and music, of airplanes and ships at sea. It is needed for international business. 日本語訳をお願いします。
He quickly turned his broom and faced Malfoy. Malfoy looked stunned. "Give it to me," Harry called, "or I'll push you off that broom!" "Oh, yeah?" said Malfoy, trying to smile, but looking worried. Harry knew, somehow, what to do. He pushed forward and grasped the broom tightly in both hands and with a jump it shot toward Malfoy. Malfoy only just got out of the way in time. Harry made a sudden turn and held the broom steady. A few people below were clapping. "You have no friends up here to save you," Harry called. It seemed that the same thought had just struck Malfoy. "Catch it if you can, then!" he shouted, and he threw the glass ball high into the air and shot back down toward the ground. Harry saw the ball slowly rise up in the air and then start to fall. He pushed his body forward and pointed down the broom ― next second he was speeding down, down, racing the ball ― wind in his ears, the shouts of people watching ― he shot out his hand ― a foot from the ground he caught it, just in time to pull his broom straight, and he landed softly on the grass with the Remembrall safely in his hand. "HARRY POTTER!" His heart fell. He was in big trouble. Professor McGonagall was running toward them. He got to his feet, but his legs felt weak under him. "Never ― in all my time at Hogwarts ―" Professor McGonagall could hardly speak with shock, and her glasses flashed angrily, "How dare you! ― might have broken your neck. Potter, follow me, now." Harry could see the nasty smile on Malfoy's face as he turned. He was going to have to leave the school. He just knew it.
Lesson7-3 The human cost of the loss of plants would be even more terrible. Plants provide food, fuel, and building materials. Plants are the source of a great many medicines. Already, 25 percent of our medicines come from plants. Yet less than one-fifth of the world’s plants have been studied for the possible benefits they could bring. We have to keep in mind that plants are often lot before we know anything about how much good they could bring to society.
If a plant should become extinct in the wild, with its seeds kept in a seed bank, it will not be lost forever. Seed banks are also a very efficient means of conserving plants, because the seeds take very little space and require little attention. Many thousands of seeds can be stored for each species in a seed bank. As many seeds as there are people in a city could be conserved in a single bottle!
The seeds stored in seed banks could be used in the future to restore environments, or to increase numbers of endangered plants in the wild. They can be used in scientific research to find new ways in which plants benefit society such as in medicine, agriculture, or industry.
In much of the world,people have been trained for generations never to challenge authority. In such countries children are not expected to question their teachers in school. In universities,clever researchers may be considered too young to present findings that contradict the knowledge and wisdom of their elders.
The Japanese softball team, which finished fourth in the previous Olympic Games in Atlanta, was aiming to win the gold in Sydney in 2000. Utsugi Reika was exited. This was what the 37-year-old former Chinese captain had been waiting for. She was finally playing for Japan.
We can do no great things ― only small things with great love. ― Mother Teresa ―
This prizewinning report on PEANUTS and Charles M. Schulz was written by Michelle and Koji, high school students in Sapporo. It appeared in their school newspaper.
1 Charlie Brown. Lucy. Linus. Snoopy. They have appeared in magazines and newspapers for over half a century. They have hundreds of millions of fans around the world. People who don't know the names of their next-door-neighbor's children know the little "loser" who never stops believing that he can win; the little girl who always gives people advice; the small boy who always has his security blanket with him; and, the best-known of all, the beagle who thinks that he is a fighter pilot or a great writer. They are the main characters in the Peanuts cartoons. Why are these cartoons so popular? Why has Peanuts captured the hearts of people all over the world? Let's look at a few Peanuts cartoons and see if we can find answers to these questions.
以下>>405の続き 2 It is Father's Day and Violet is talking about her father. She tells Charlie Brown that her father is richer than Charlie Brown's dad, and that he is better at sports. Charlie Brown has little to say. He just asks Violet to come with him to his father's barber shop. He tells her that no matter how busy his father is, he always has time to give him a big smile because he likes him. Violet has nothing more to say. She simply walks away. Her father's money and athletic ability cannot compete with a father's simple love for his son. Many Peanuts episodes focus on such heartwarming aspects of family life. Charles M. Schulz, the cartoonist who created Peanuts, put people and incidents from his childhood into his cartoons. And this may be part of the reason why the Peanuts cartoons are so popular among people all over the world.
3 In this cartoon, Linus is excited because the home team has won a football game. Charlie Brown listens quietly and then asks Linus one simple question: "How did the other team feel?" Because Charlie Brown has experienced failure himself, he understands the feelings of other people who fail. He makes us think of other people. In many ways, Charlie Brown himself is a loser. He is not a very good student, and he is not good at sports. The pretty little girl in his class pays no attention to him. In a world where wealth and power are so important, Charlie Brown is a failure. But Charlie Brown never really loses. He never feels sorry for himself. He always hopes for a better day tomorrow and keeps on trying. Perhaps that's what makes a real winner.
Throughout the world there are more native speakers of Chinese than there are of English, but English is by far the world's most dominant second language. Today, 350 million people speak English as their mother tongue, but more than a billion speak it as a second language, at least a little. Most of them are in Asia. And as with Western music, fashion, food, and politics, people in Asia are changing the language. "Now it's not native speakers that are moving English forward," said Larry Smith, a professor of international English. "It's the non-native speakers, the people in Singapore, the people in Malaysia." Standard English is the common language of Singapore's population of 4 million, one of the four official languages that also include Malay, Mandarin Chinese and Tamil. Singlish combines parts of all of these. It is simple and clear. Get to the point. Got coffee or not? Got! "We are learning English so we can understand the world and the world can understand us," said a government leader of Singapore. "It is important to speak and write standard English. Standard English is also a common form of communication in a nation with many languages. If the less educated half of our people end up learning to speak only Singlish, they will suffer economically and socially." English is the language of the Internet, of movies and music, of airplanes and ships at sea. It is needed for international business. で 1,How many people speak English as a second language today? 2,What kind of people are moving English forward? 3,In what fields is English used? と聞かれたらどのように答えるのが適切でしょうか?
For thousands of years, Japanese have eaten the fiber-rich crops that grow well in Japan's climate. In recent years nothing has changed more drastically than the Japanese diet. Many of the traditional foods are no longer eaten, and now many Japanese suffer from intestinal diseases. Fermented foods promote digestion. Yogurt is probably the most famous of them. At the beginning of the 20th century, a Russian scientist was traveling in Bulgaria. There he met many healthy men and women over the age of 100 and learned that they all ate a good amount of a sweet-sour fermented milk. At that time, it was not yet known as yogurt, however. He found that this fermented milk was the reason they lived a long life and didn't get sick easily. News of the discovery of the "elixir of life" spread around the whole world. Yogurt is now a global food that is eaten almost everywhere. There is another fermented food that we shouldn't forget. That is Japanese tsukemono. In the making of tsukemono, the moisture of the vegetables is reduced, so that the final product basically consists of fiber. Thus, by eating even just a little, you can increase your intake of fiber. Besides, as tsukemono is never heated, vitamins aren't lost で 1,What do many Japanese suffer from now? 2,What kind of food did a Russian scientist find in Bulgaria? 3,What can we get from tsukemono? と言われたらどんな風に答えるのが一番良いでしょうか?
クラウンUのレッスン7お願いします! Lesson7-1 How many of you have seen the movie Jurassic Park? It is an about what happens when some scientists bring dexciting movie inosaurs back to life. The dinosaurs have been extinct for millions and millions of years, but they are brought back to life by using their DNA. DNA is a molecule with a code that contains everything needed to built a living thing. Some scientists believe that if you have its DNA, you can make a living thing that has become extinct. But up until now, no one has been able to bring an extinct animal back to life. Jurassic Park is science fiction. What would you think if I told you that living things that have become extinct can be brought back to life? What if I told you that this is not science fiction but science fact? Would you believe me? Look at this plant. Would you believe that this plant was once extinct and that is has been brought back to life? Well, it is true.
Lesson7-2 In 1922 an English scientist discovered an Egyptian king’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings, where he found have thought that they were dead, but he was able to use the seeds from these peas to grow new plants. These peas are now planted and grown all over the world, including England, America, and Japan. Just like the DNA in Jurassic Park, the seeds contain the code necessary to build a living plant. Science fiction becomes fact. The Millennium Seed Bank you are visiting today is trying to conserve plants for the future by collecting and storing seeds from all over England and the world. Since seeds contain the code necessary to make living things, we can use seed banks to save endangered species. Why are we putting so much effort into this project? Why do we need to conserve plants? Most importantly, plants are the basis of life on Earth. They provide food for almost all forms of life, including thousands of animals, birds, and millions of insects. Since not a few plants have been lost, the world’s other living things dependent upon them must have disappeared too.
Lesson7-3 The human cost of the loss of plants would be even more terrible. Plants provide food, fuel, and building materials. Plants are the source of a great many medicines. Already, 25 percent of our medicines come from plants. Yet less than one-fifth of the world’s plants have been studied for the possible benefits they could bring. We have to keep in mind that plants are often lot before we know anything about how much good they could bring to society.
If a plant should become extinct in the wild, with its seeds kept in a seed bank, it will not be lost forever. Seed banks are also a very efficient means of conserving plants, because the seeds take very little space and require little attention. Many thousands of seeds can be stored for each species in a seed bank. As many seeds as there are people in a city could be conserved in a single bottle!
The seeds stored in seed banks could be used in the future to restore environments, or to increase numbers of endangered plants in the wild. They can be used in scientific research to find new ways in which plants benefit society such as in medicine, agriculture, or industry.
Lesson7-4 I would like to emphasize that conserving diversity within a given species is just as important as it is to conserve different species. Every individual plant has its own characteristics, given it an advantage in a particular environment. The more varieties there are for a given species, the greater the chances are for the species to survive.
Seed banks are helping us fight the loss of global plant diversity. In one place we can keep seeds for all kinds of plants from all over the world − grasses from the tropics, plants from our fields and gardens, are wild plants that have never been changed by the hands of human beings.
We have been trying to save the world’s rain forests, grasslands, and wetlands, but even national parks have no guarantee of long-term security. Although seed banks cannot replace the natural environment, they can offer an insurance service to other conservation techniques.
Finally I would like to suggest that the seed bank project be promoted even further in the rest of the world.
The policeman wrote all this down in the black notebook. Then he returned the book to its pocket and did up the button. "When I get back to the station I'm going to do a little checking up on you, "he said to my passenger. "Me? What've I done wrong?" the rat-faced man asked. "I don't like your face, that's all," the policeman said. "And we just might have a picture of it some where in our files." He strolled round the car and returned to my window. "I suppose you know you're in serious trouble," he said to me. "Yes, officer." "You won'T be driving this fancy car of yours again for a very long time, not after we've finished with you. You won't be driving any car again to that for several years. And good thing, too. I hope they lock you up for a spell into the bargain." "You mean prison?" I asked, alarmed. "Absolutely," he said, smacking his lips. "In the clink. Behind the bars. Along with all the other criminals who break the law. And a hefty fine into the bargain. Nobody will be more pleased about that than me. I'll see you in court, both of you. You'll be getting a summons to appear." He turned away and walked over to his motorcycle. He flipped the prop stand back into position with his foot and swung his leg over the saddle. Then he kicked the starter and roared off up the road out of sight. "Phew!" I gasped. "That's done it." "We was caught," my passenger said. "We was caught good and proper." "I was caught, you mean." "That's right," he said. "What you goin' to do now, guv'nor?" "I'm going straight up to London to talk to my solicitor," I said. I started the car and drove on.
The Wilkinson family,living in Derbyshire,have requested the help of police in a week-long search for their missing dog. There have been two sightings,but cries of "sit" or "here boy" are useless because the dog understands only Japanese.
Kyochan, a seven-year-old dog,was born in Tokyo. He was brought to Britain last year and spent six months in quarantine untill recently. Last week Graham Wilkinson took him to a veterinary hospital. After an operation, Kyochan slipped his lead and ran out of the front door of the hospital. He was last seen yesterday almost 20 miles away.
Mr.Wilkinson and his wife, Mikiko, adopted the dog after her mother became unable to look after him and none of her relatives had enough space to take him in. Mrs.Wilkinson,37,said: " The only things left was for him to come over here. He understands 'sit' and 'wait' but only in Japanese. We just haven't had time to train him in English yet. Mr.Wilkinson,33,who works at the Toyota plant in Derbyshire,has searched the streets for the dog,which is dark chocolate brown and has bandages on an ear and hind leg.
A spokesman for the Derbyshire Police said:"We are short of interpreters in many languages,so anyone who can speake Japanese is welcome to help us look for the dog."
In is the nature of widely spoken languages to break up into dialects, then into new languages, as Latin did into French, Italian, Spanish, and others. This could be the future of English, Mr.Smith said. The world's Englishes reflect the needs, characteristics, and linguistic roots of their home ground. "I need Singlish to express a Singaporean feeling", said Catherine Lim, a famous writer who moves easily from one "English" to another. The best way to promote the English classes being given in Singapore's from another taxi driver, Loh Peng Hong. "You must go to study," he said. "Unless, people want to talk you, not understand. People scold you, also not understand." Or,as Prince Charles of Britain put it in the best Queen's English, "I think we have to be a bit careful; otherwise the whole thing could get rahter a mess." お願いします。
Over the ages, we Japanese have eaten rice, vegetables, fish, and tsukemono. However, in the short period of the last twenty or thirty years, we have increased our intake of meat and fat. At the same time, our intake of fiber has decreased. It is no wonder that our bodies and emotions have not been able to adapt to the drastic change. No other country has forgotten its own traditional foods as much as Japan has. One day, I was eating lunch at the university where I teach. Some exchange students from South Korea gave me some kimuchi. It was so good that I asked where they had bought it. One of them replied, "We don't buy it. We make it ourselves." I was taken aback for a moment. And then I thought, "Wow, that's really something." The young Koreans don't feel safe eating Japanese kimuchi. Most Japanese kimuchi is not as fermented as real Korean kimuchi is. If fully fermented, kimuchi is flavorful and safe to eat. That's because the fermentation bacilli have destroyed the harmful bacilli. I am impressed that, even in a foreign country, the young Koreans want to eat their country's traditional foods. I wish young Japanese people valued their traditional foods as much as the young Koreans. お願いします。
He quickly turned his broom and faced Malfoy. Malfoy looked stunned. "Give it to me," Harry called, "or I'll push you off that broom!" "Oh, yeah?" said Malfoy, trying to smile, but looking worried. Harry knew, somehow, what to do. He pushed forward and grasped the broom tightly in both hands and with a jump it shot toward Malfoy. Malfoy only just got out of the way in time. Harry made a sudden turn and held the broom steady. A few people below were clapping. "You have no friends up here to save you," Harry called. It seemed that the same thought had just struck Malfoy. "Catch it if you can, then!" he shouted, and he threw the glass ball high into the air and shot back down toward the ground. Harry saw the ball slowly rise up in the air and then start to fall. He pushed his body forward and pointed down the broom ― next second he was speeding down, down, racing the ball ― wind in his ears, the shouts of people watching ― he shot out his hand ― a foot from the ground he caught it, just in time to pull his broom straight, and he landed softly on the grass with the Remembrall safely in his hand. "HARRY POTTER!" His heart fell. He was in big trouble. Professor McGonagall was running toward them. He got to his feet, but his legs felt weak under him. "Never ― in all my time at Hogwarts ―" Professor McGonagall could hardly speak with shock, and her glasses flashed angrily, "How dare you! ― might have broken your neck. Potter, follow me, now." Harry could see the nasty smile on Malfoy's face as he turned. He was going to have to leave the school. He just knew it.
CROWN English Reading Lesson10の訳お願いします On December 29, 1959, Richard P.Feynman, a Nobel prize winner in physics, made an epoch-making speech, the title of which was "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom." In his speech, feynman speculated on the possibility of exploring the world that exists "down at the bottom," i.e., the world of atoms and molecules. He cautioned that he was not talking about miniaturization of, say, electric motors that are the size of the nail on your little finger, but rather a "staggeringly small world that is below." He further predicted that in the future we would be able to make machines as small as molecules. Feynman's ideas seemed strange at the time he made his speech in 1959, but today he is thought to be the father of nanotechnology, which is on the cutting edge of modern science. What is nanotechnology? What impact will it have on our lives?
Ms.White:Today let's talk about pet-robots,shall we? They seem to have their own emotions and react to sound,light and human touch much like a living animal.They can learn while playing and communicating with people.What do you think of such pet-robots? Or do you prefer real animals?
Masao: I'm very interested in pet-robots, and I would like to have one.Pet-robots are smell-free and easy to look after. For example,you don't need to feed them.You don't need to take them for a walk,either.You don't have to worry much about the dirt or noise they make.When you feel annoyed with them,you can just switch them off.They're very convenient.
It is the of widely spoken languages to break up into dialects, then into new languages,as Latin did into French, Italian, Spanish, and, others. This could be the future of English,Mr.Smith said. The world's Englishes reflect the needs, characteristics, and linguistic roots of their home ground. "I need Singlish to express a Singaporean feeling,"said Catherine Lim,a famous writer who moves easily from one "English" to another. The best way to promote the English classes being given in Singapore's new proglam is to follow this advice, in Singlish, from another taxi driver, Loh Peng Hong. "You must go to study", he said. "Unless, people want to talk you, not understand. People scold you, also not understand." Or,as Prince Charles of Britain put it in the best Queen's English, "I think we have to be a bit careful otherwise the whole thing could get rather a mess."
ありがとうございます!!(^_-)-☆ すごーく助かりました!!!(#^.^#) あと、もしよかったら CROWN2 lesson6-4お願いできますか??すみません<m(__)m> Already, Mr.Smith said, there are millions of people around the world who claim English as their language but who cannot understand each other - an English teacher in India, for example another in the Philippines and a third in Nigeria. According to Mr.Smith, linguists believe that every dialect of the English language is equally valied. "One of the things about world English is that English now belongs to whoever uses it, now just to native speakers", he said. "So a user of Singlish is as correct as you are in the sense that he know what he wants to say and is understood by his audience". As English has spread as a second language, it has left behind its ties Britain and America. Most English speakers in Asia today use the language to communicate not with native speakers but with other Asians. "Today, fewer and fewer people think of English in terms of ritherEngland or Amerika", said Wang Gungwu, a professor at the National University of Singapore. "In a funny way, itis part of the a new Asian middle class".
I came to a large,bowl-shped nest in which I saw the head of a tiny sea turtle above the sand. As my companions joined me,we heard a sound in the brush behind us. A mockingbird approached. "Just be quiet and watch,"our young guide advised as the mockingbird moved to within inches of the turtle's head. "He's going to attack." The mockingbird came closer to the nest and began pecking at the turtle's head, trying to pull it onto the beach. My companions were shocked. "Aren't you going to do something?"a voice said. Our guide held his fingers to his lips. "This is the way nature works,"he said. "I'm not going to sit here and watch this happen."a women from Los Angeles objected. "Why don't you listen to him?" I asked. "We shouldn't get in the way." "If it weren't for humans,they wouldn't be in danger to begin with. I'll do something if you won't,"one member of our group said to our guide. The noise of people talking scared the bird away from its meal. Reluctantly,our guide pulled the baby turtle out of the hole to help it on its way to the sea.
in fact,じつは the name "Santa Claus" サンタクロースという名前は comes from からきた the Dutch "Sinterklaas" オランダ語の Sinterklaas , which means Saint Nicholas そしてそれは聖ニコラスを意味する
You can't choose what has not been programed. Yes, unless in school you have learned other source of knowledge and that life did not begin with a computer. Education has to thach us not only what we can know but also what the limitations of our knowledge are what we don't know.
誰か下の英文の訳お願いします。 'There's a clock in front of you,' I told him. 'I don't trust car clooks,' he said. 'What does you watch say?" I hitched up my sleeve to look at the man. He looked back at mem grinning. 'You've taken that, too,' I said. He held out his hand and there was my watch lying in his plam. 'Nice bit of stuff, this,' he said. 'Superior quality. Eightteen carat gold. Easy yp flog, too. It's never any trouble getting rid of quality goods.' 'I'd like it back, if you don't mind,' I said rather huffily. He placed the watch carefully on the leather tray in front of him. 'I wouldn't nick anything from you, governor," he said. 'You're my pal. You're giving me a lift.' 'I'm glad to hear it,' I said. 'All I'm doing is answering your questions,' he went on. 'You asked me what I did for a living and I'm showing you.' 'What else have you got of mine?' He smiled again, and now he started to take from the pocket of his jacket one thing after another that belonged to me - my driving licence, a key ring with four keys on it, some pound notes, a few coins, a letter from my publishers, my dialy, a stubby old pencilk, a cigarette lighter, and last of all, a beautiful old sapphire ring with pearls around it belonging to my wife. I was talking the ring up to the jeweller in London because one of the pearls was missing. 'Now there's another lovely piece of goods,' he said, turnning the ring over in his fingers. 'That's eighteenth century, if I'm not mistaken, from the reign of King George the Third.' 'You're right,' I said, impressed. 'You're absolutely right.' He put the ring on the leather tray with the other items. 'So you're a pickpocket,' I said. 'I don't like that word,' he answerd. 'It's a coarse and vulgar word. Pickpocketd is coarse and vulgar people who only do easy little amateur jobs. They lift money from blind old ladies.'
つづきです。 'What do you call yourself, then?' 'Me? I'm a fingersmith. I'm a professional fingersmith.' He spoke the words solemnly and proudly, as though he were telling me he was the President of the Royal College of Surgeons or the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Ms.White:How about you,Ling? Ling: Well,I agree with Masao.Pet-robots must be good for those who want pets but don't have the time or space to care for real animals.It's great that they can help reduce stress and make people feel happier.I hear some pet-robots are designed to become friends to or an emotional support for the elderly.I think it's a very good idea.Such pet-robots will comfort old people living alone. Ms.White:That's true.Emily,you look a little surprised. Emily: Yes.Their opinions are very different from mine. I don't fine such pet-robots cute.I think many Japanese see them as friends like the robots in comics.On the other hand,I see them as machines.I can't feel warm toward them.In fact,pet-robots give me the shivers.
Human being have four big problems which they will have to solve in the 21st century. They are the problems of saving the environment, promoting health, producing enough food, and dealing with energy shortages. To solve these problems, I have been calling for a fermentation technology (FT) revolution for many years. I believe it can be achieved by using fermentation bacilli that are friendly to both the Earth and people. First, let's look at the problem of promoting health. Fermentation bacilli have genes that tell them to destroy any cell other than their own. These are called killer genes. They are used in antibiotics. Antibiotics have helped save humans from diseases such as cholera, diphtheria, and pneumonia. Some day cancer and AIDS will be cured with medicine made from microorganisms. The problem of energy can also be solved by the FT revolution. During World War U, fermentation bacilli were used to produce energy. As Japan had no natural oil reserves, there was not enough airplane fuel. What now holds hope for the energy problem is the production of hydrocarbons by using fermentation. There is no end to the power of these microorganisms. As long as human beings learn to live with these incredible creatures, there is still much hope for humans. お願いします。
The two little girls caught Christina Noble's eyes when she arrived in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam in 1989.They were smiling and playing happily in the street.Asthe days passed,she noticed that they didn't seem to have any parents.
Speech is so familiar a feature of daily life that we rarely pause to define it. It seems as natural to man as walking, and only less so than breathing. Yet it needs but a moment's reflection to convince us that this naturalness of speech is but an illusory feeling. The process of acquiring speech is, in sober fact, an utterly different sort of thing from the process of learning to walk. In the case of the latter function, culture, in other words, the traditional body of social usage, is not seriously brought into play. The child is individually equipped, by the complex set of factors that we term biological heredity, to make all the needed muscular and nervous adjustments that result in walking. Indeed, the very mechanism of these muscles and of the appropriate parts of the nervous system may be said to be primarily adapted to the movements made in walking and in similar activities. In a very real sense the normal human being is predestined to walk. That is, walking is an inherent, biological function of man.
誰か下記の英文の訳おねがいします。 The man gave me another of his sly, ratty little smiles. "Ah," he said. "So he has. But I'll bet he ain't got it all written down in his memory as well. I've never known a copper yet a decent memory as well. Some of them can't even remember their own names." "What's memory got to do with it?" I asked. "It's written down in his book, isn't it?" "Yes, guvnor, it is. But the trouble is, he's lost the book. He's lost both books, the one with my name in it and the one with yours." In the long delicate fingers of his right hand, the man was holding up in triumph the two books he has taken from the policeman's pockets. "Easiest job I ever done," he announced proudly. I nearly swerved the car into a milk-truck, I was so excited. "That copper's got nothing on either of us now," he said. "You're a genius!" I cried. "He's got no names, no addresses, no car number, no nothing," he said. "You're brilliant!" "I think you'd better pull in off this main road as soon as possible," he said. "Then we'd better build a little bonfire and burn these books." "You're a fantastic fellow," I exclaimed. "Thank you, guvnor," he said. "It's always nice to be appreciated."
linguists believe that every dialect of the English language is equally valid.
お願いしますm(--)m
513 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 22:58:00
CROWN ENGLISH READING LESSON 12 “I Have a Dream”-Martin Luther King, Jr.- P160 The year 1963 was the centennial of the Emancipation Proclamation. It was truly a great year in American history and in the life of Martin Luther King , Jr. Despite opposition from the governors of Alabama and Mississippi, the president of the United States, John F. kennedy, authorized federal marshals to help a few black students to enter at the University of Mississippi and the University of Alabama. “Bull” Connor, the head of the police department in Birmingham, Alabama, ordered his officers to turn fire hoses and police dogs on young demonstrators; as television cameras captured this horrible scene, the nation gasped in disbelief and revulsion. Medgar Evers, a thirty-seven-year-old NAACP field secretary in Jackson, Mississippi, was murdered on his front porch on June 12. Riots occurred throughout the summer. The nation stood on the brink of racial civil war. It needed a prophet who could help see through the smoke left by gunpowder and bombs. Martin Luther King, Jr., who published why We Can’t Wait at this time, was the prophet of the hour. Although many of the phrases and themes that appear in “I Have a Dream” had often been repeated by Dr. King, this is his most well-known speech. He delivered it before the Lincoln Memorial on August 28, 1963, as the keynote address of the March on Washington, D. C., for Civil Rights. Television cameras allowed the entire nation to hear and see him call for justice and freedom. Mrs. Coretta King once said, “At that moment it seemed as if the Kingdom of God appeared. But it only lasted for a moment.”
514 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 22:58:39
P161 I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free; one hundred years later, the life of the Negro is sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination; one hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity; one hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself in exile in his own land. So we’ve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition. In a sense we’ve come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.
515 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 22:59:55
P162 This note was the promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white man, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note in so far as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check; a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.” But we refuse to believe that there are insufficient in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we’ve come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.
516 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:01:43
P163 Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy; now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice; now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood; now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God’s children. It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content, will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges. But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice.
517 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:02:39
P164 In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct out struggle on the high place of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protests to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. This offense we share mounted to storm the battlements of injustice must be carried forth by a biracial army. We cannot walk alone. And as walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back.
518 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:03:12
P165 There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating “for whites only.” We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No. No, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulation. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.
519 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:04:26
P166 You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi; go back to Alabama; go back to South Carolina; go back to Georgia; go back to Louisiana; go back to the slums and ghettos of the northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can, and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair. I say to you today, my friend, that even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up, live out the true meaning of its creed---we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day, even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
520 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:04:59
P167 I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, that one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together. This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with.
521 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:05:23
P168 With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. This will be the day---this will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning--- “my country ’tis of thee; sweet land of liberty; of thee I sing; land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim’s pride; from every mountainside, let freedom ring”---and if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.
522 :CROWN ENGLISH READING Lesson12:2005/11/26(土) 23:06:24
P169 Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado. Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California. But not only that. Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia. Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee. Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi, from every mountainside, let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children---black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics---will be able to join hands and to sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, “Free at last, free at last; thank God Almighty, we are free at last.”
Not so language. It is of course true that in a certain sense the individual is predestined to talk, but that is due entirely to the circumstance that he is born not merely in nature, but in the lap of a society that is certain, reasonably certain, to lead him to its traditions. Eliminate society and there is every reason to believe that he will learn to walk, if, indees, he survives at all. But it is just as certain that he will learn to talk, that is, to communicate ideas according to the tradition system of aparticular definite limits as we pass from individual to individual. Its variability is involuntary and purposeless. Speech is a human actibity that varies without assignable limit as we pass from social group to social group, because it is a purely historical heritage of the group, the product of long-continued social usage.
大学の教科書の中の文章なんですが、誰かこの英文を訳してくれないでしょうか。 Shoko Asahara, the leader of Japanese doomsday cult which gassed the Tokyo subway in 1995, has been sentenced to death for ordering the attack. The sarin gas attack, which killed 12 people and inhured thousands more, shocked Japan and shed light on the danatical AUM shinrikyou group. Eleven other Aum members have received death sentences, though none have been executed pending appeals. Asahara's lawyers said he would appeal too, a process which could take years. Asahara, whose real name is Chizuo Matsumoto, stood passively and said nothing as he was found guilty of all 13 charges of murder and attempted murder. The judges in the Tokyo District Court rejected defence arguments that Asahara had lost control of his followers by the time of the 1995 attack. He crimes include ordering another sarin attack in Matsumoto, Nagano prefecture, in 1994, which killed seven people, and killing of several wayward cult menbers or their relatives. But it was Tokyo subway attack at the height of the city's rush hour, which most shocked Japan. Survivors still suffer from headaches, breathing troubles and dizziness.
訳をお願いします。lesson8-4 The Peanuts cartoons are not funny in the ordinary way. We are more likely to smile than to burst out laughing. But somehow they make us feel good. We want to see Charlie Brown and Linus and Snoopy and all the other Peanuts characters again tomorrow in our newspaper. If they are not there, we will miss them as we might miss a friend who has gone away. It is not because our friend always makes us laugh, but because he always makes us feel good about ourselves. Charles M. Schulz seems to suggest that real success in life is not a matter of money, fame, and power. Rather, it is defined by hope, courage, respect for others and, above all, by a sense of humor. He once said, "If I were given the opportunity to present a gift to the next generation, it would be the ability for each individual to learn to laugh at himself."
続きです。 5 For nearly fifty years, Charles M. Schulz drew Peanuts, day after day, one episode at a time. However, late in 1999, Charles M. Schulz learned that he had cancer and could no longer continue. To say goodbye to his readers, he drew a farewell cartoon and it was to appear some six weeks later. If he had lived one day longer, he would have seen it in print. Sadly, he died the day before the cartoon came out. On February 13, 2000, Peanuts lovers all over the world woke to learn that both the Peanuts characters and their author were no more. We had learned to think of them as our friends, but they were now gone. Charles M. Schulz and Peanuts have helped us face this difficult world with their special type of humor and gentle encouragement to carry on. Though there will be no new Peanuts cartoons, the old ones will be read for years to come. They will keep reminding us that true success lies in sensitivity to others, in small acts of kindness, and in the courage to hope even in the face of great difficulty.
IMPROVE YOUR ENGLISH IN READINGの第22課(伝記)です。 和訳どなたかお願いします
From early childhood Henry Ford had two great interests which drove out all others. One was machinery; the other was "the common man." He seemed to have a natural, inborn understanding of machines. As a boy he had surprised the grownups around him by taking delicate watches to pieces, putting the pieces together again, and improving the working of the watch in the process. As a young man he did seriously think of manufacturing watches, but he gave up the idea because he did not think he could make watches in the tens of thousands at a cost of only thirty cents each. Anything less than seemed to him useless, because most people would not be able to buy one.
It was this thought which, as Americans say, made Ford "go." To make anything which was not cheap enough for everybody to buy seemed to him a waste of time. He did not start working on automobile design until he left certain he could change the motor-car from being a wealthy man's "plaything" to being a poor man's "work-thing." His first great interest, however, was in the big, strange-looking steam engines which at that time were used to pull threshing machines from farm to farm. When he was twelve, Henry was so excited by the machine that farming never held him after that unless there was machinery to do the work. When he was eighteen, he was apprenticed in a Detroit machine shop, and two years later he spent a year in Michigan putting together Westinghouse engines.
It was during this time that he must have learned about the progress of the American system of interchangeable machine-made parts. He must have understood, without even knowing that he understood, what a great future there was for the mass production of machines. Very largely, this understanding must have come from a study of machine-tools and clock-parts and bicycle-parts. There is a tendency among people who do not know the full story to believe that it was Ford who invented the whole idea of mass production, with nothing to start from. This is not true. He probably knew the whole story about the machines made by the inventors who preceded him.
The farm lay in a hollow among the Somersetshire hills, an old-fashioned stone house surrounded by barns and pens and outhouses. Over the doorway the date when it was built had been carved in the elegant figures of the period, 1673, and the house, grey and weather-beaten, looked as much a part of the landscape as the trees that sheltered it. An avenue of splendid elms that would have been the pride of many squire's mansion led from the road to the trim garden. The people who lived here were as stolid, sturdy, and unpretentious as the house; their only boast was that ever since it was built from father to son is one unbroken line they had been born and died in it. For three hundred years they had farmed the sorrounding land. George Meadows was now a man of fifty, and his wife was a year or two younger. They were both fine, upstanding people in the prime of life ; and their children, two sons and three girls, were handsome and strong. They had no new-fangled notions about being gentlemen and ladies ; they knew their place and wre pround of it.
The thorny question of how far modern medicine should go in helping infertile couples have their own babies has raised the issue of what constitutes trespassing on the “domain of God.” It was revealed Friday that Japan’s first surrogate mother had given birth at a maternity clinic in Nagano Prefecture earlier this year. . The news comes exactly when experts, including ones on a Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry panel, are poised to formulate legislation on reproductive medicine. That a fait accompli should precede the necessary discussions is unfortunate. There are two types of surrogate motherhood, a practice in which an infertile couple have a third-party woman give birth to their baby. In one method, a surrogate mother’s ovum is artificially fertilized with sperm from the husband of a sterile woman. In the other method, a woman’s ovum---fertilized with her husband’s sperm---is implanted in a surrogate mother’s womb. The Nagano Prefecture birth used the latter method. In that case, the woman’s younger sister reportedly volunteered to act as the surrogate mother.
どなたか下の6文を和訳していただけないでしょうか。 CROWN English reading Lesson7の一部分です。
Every ride either spins you around, throws you first up and then down, or puts you through some crazy combination of up, down, and around at the same time.
Even the merry-go-round is continually diverting you from a straight line, forcing you to turn in a circle.
Since the air is attached to Earth, you might say that we're all in the same boat, sailing eastward along with the surface of Earth at around 1,600 kilometers per hour.
Motion is motion only when it is compared to some independent reference point.
If you had been born in your car a second ago, you'd believe that it was the trees that were moving , using yourself as a reference point.It is only with experience that we learn to accept reference points outside ourselves.
どなたか下の6文を和訳していただけないでしょうか。 CROWN English reading Lesson7の一部分です。
Every ride either spins you around, throws you first up and then down, or puts you through some crazy combination of up, down, and around at the same time.
Even the merry-go-round is continually diverting you from a straight line, forcing you to turn in a circle.
Since the air is attached to Earth, you might say that we're all in the same boat, sailing eastward along with the surface of Earth at around 1,600 kilometers per hour.
Motion is motion only when it is compared to some independent reference point.
If you had been born in your car a second ago, you'd believe that it was the trees that were moving , using yourself as a reference point.It is only with experience that we learn to accept reference points outside ourselves.
When we came to England, Hedda and Gideon were eighteen months and almost three years old. After a few months, when the hustle of moving house and settling in a new country had died down a bit, people began to enquire how the children were learning to speak English. And invariably we were assured by everyone around us that from now on their English would develop quickly and naturally. But, as a matter of fact, it didn't, and when it still didn't after more than a year, those remarks that were meant to be kind and reassuring -"All young children learn a new language quickly and easily."- began to have the opposite effect.
どなた様か訳して下さいm(_ _)m PROVISIONの8の4です。 Mr.Nozawa showed us through his giant tomato plant that we ourselves have some inherent power. We can improve our enviroment by ourselves if we really want to. What we need to do is eat healthy food and think good thoughts. That we may live better lives. Furthermore, we humans have an advantage over plants and animals. We can imporove ourselves. There is no secret in this, and it is easy to do. As the Dalai Lama says, all you have to do is try to think of everything in a positive way and make every effort to improve your ability. Never give up even if you find it too difficult. Things will get better.
Like the tomato plant, if we live in a better environment with a positive attitude,our special abilitier will develop. If everyone's abilities develop,the world will become a better place to live in.
Australia's Great Barrier Reef became the world's biggest protected marine network on Thursday, a move environmental grops hope countries in Asia and Central America will copy in a bid to save their endangered coral reefs. Australia has slapped a ban on fishing on a third of the reef, protecting one of its main tourist attractions which is threatened by over-fishing, polution and higer temperatures. Nearly two million tourists visit the world-heritage listed reef off Queensland state in Australia's northeast, injecting around A$4.5 billion($3.1 billion) into the economy each year. The new measures increase protection to 33.3 percent from 4.5 percet of the reef, which in total covers 134,400 square miles(348,000 square km) - an area only slightly smaller than Germany or Japan. Local fisherman are being compensated up to A$200,000 each for loss of income, but the ban has infuriated many who insist moves to protect the reef which teems with 1,500 species of fish should also accommodate people who earn a living from its waters. Estimating 60 percent of the world's coral reefs will die by 2030 unless stringent protection measures are enforced, the World Wildlife Fund urged more nations to follow moves to protect the Great Barrier Reef and its more than 400 species of coral.
よろしくお願いいたします。 In the session on the "Clash of Civilizations," Harvard University Prof. Samuel Huntington elebrated on his theory that violence between states and groups from different civilizations would intensify as people increasingly define them selves in cultural terms in the post Cold War era. Citing the emergence of China as one of the destabilizing factors in the region, Huntington said Asia is potentially a site of such clashes of civilizations. This is evident, Huntigton said, in the way "world politics is being reconfigured along cultural and civilizational lines." "People separated by ideology but united by culture come together as the two Germanys have, while societies united by ideology but divided by civilization either come apart, as in the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia or are subject to intense strain," he said. Examples of ethnic, religious or tribal conflicts abound in the world. Huntington said East Asia, with countries at different levels of economic development, and in which military budgets are on the rise, lacks the complex network of international institutions that exist in Europe. In addition, the emergence of a new great power, China, is highly destabilizing. "The central challenge of this new world is to develop the means by which great civilizations of the world can coexist on this small and rapidly shrinking planet," he said. Abdurrahman Wahid, general chairman of Indonesia's PB Nahdhatul Ulama, said he disagreed with Huntington because political and economic interests still prevailed in conflicts among nations. He said the world has learned that different civilizations have to live together as seen in the ongoing peace process in Middle East.
CROWN1のL7−2(P104〜P105)です。 よろしくお願いします。 Let’s start with this one. This photograph was taken by an American photojournalist, Joe O’Donnell, in Nagasaki in 1945. He recently spoke to a Japanese interviewer about this picture: ”I saw a boy about the years old walking by. He was carrying a baby on his back. In those days in Japan, we often saw children playing with their little brothers or sisters on their backs, but this boy was clearly different. I could see that he had come to this place for a serious reason. He was wearing no shoes. His face was hard. The little head was tipped back asleep” ”The boy stood there for five or ten minutes. The men in white masks walked over to him and quiet ly began to take off the rope that was holding the baby, That is when I saw that thebaby was already dead. The men held the body by the hands and feet and placed it on the fire. ”The boy stood there straight without moving, watching the flames. He was biting his lower lip so hard that it shone with blood. The flame burned low like the sun going down. The boy turned around and walked silently away.”
South Korean researchers reported Thursday they have created human embryos through cloning and ectracted embryonic stem cells, the universal cells that scientists expect will result in breakthoughs in medical reserch. The findings by a team of researchers lad by Dr Hwang Woo Suk of Seoul National University were presented to South Korean scientist and will be published in the U.S journal Science. The paper describes a detailed process of how to create human embryos by cloning , saying, the scientists used the eggs donated by Korean woman. The technique, scientists said, was not designed to make babies but to further the process know as therapeutic cloning, a possible treatment for a multitude of diseases. Advances in stem-cell technology have been hailed as holding potential cures for many crippling illnesses, such as diabetes, spinal cord injuries and Parkinson's diseace. According to the U.S National Institutes of Helth, stem cells can be maniqulated by scientists to develop into many other human cells. While they can be found in adults, those found in days-old embryos are far more easily maniqulated into specialized cells, which the could be used to create cures or even grow replacement organs, the NIH reports.
Anyone who has read the poet, Robert Frost, probably recognizes this situation from one of his most famous poems, “The Road Not Taken.” After carefully considering both roads,the speaker of the poem chooses the grassy one,or“the one less traveles by.” Then he says that this choice “has made all the difference.” Most American shool children are taught this poem, often with a lesson that's actually simpler than the poem itself. The lesson goes something like this: we can have an ordinary life by making the same choices others make or we can have a richer, more satisfying life by taking risks and choosing to be different. Or as the poem says, taking the less traveled road can make all the difference. “To make the difference” is an expression that always has a positive meaning in English, whether you're taking about something big or small. In Frost's poem, of course, saying that the less traveled road has made all the difference suggests that the speaker has made the right choice.
>>592 ありがとうございました L-6の2もお願いします;; Kenji: You have spent many years in Africa studying chimpanzees in the wild. In what ways are they like us human beings? Jane: You'd be surprised! Their brains are like ours and their behavior is like ours. They also have much to learn in their childhood. The members of a chimp family are very close, often helping one another. They can feel sad, happy, afraid, or angry. They can solve problems and plan for the future. Also, they can be taught to use sign language. Some of them love painting. Kenji: So chimpanzees are very smart. What about their character ― I mean, are they friendly? Are they cruel? Jane: They are usually friendly, but they can be cruel, just like humans. Kenji: Really? How so? Jane: Well, they patrol their own areas, sometimes attacking chimps from another community. But they can be very kind and loving too. One time, at about the age of three, a chimp called Mel lost his mother and was left alone. We all thought he'd die. But, to our surprise, a twelve-year-old male chimp called Spindle took care of him. Kenji: In what way? Jane: Well, he often let Mel ride on his back and share his nest at night. I often saw him even sharing his food if Mel asked for it. Chimpanzees can be loving and caring.
"Don't you be too sure," she answered. I suppose no one had called Mrs Meadows by her first name for a generation. It gave me a little shock, as though the old man were taking a liberty with her. She looked at him with a shrewd smile in her eyes and he, talking to her, grinned with his toothless gums. It was strange to look at them, these two old people who had not seen one another for half a century, and to think that all that long time ago he had loved her and she had loved another. I wondered if they remembered what they had felt dered if it seemed to him strange now that for that old woman he had left the home of his fathers, his lawful inheritance, and lived an exile's life. "Have you ever been married, Captain Meadows?" I asked. "Not me," he said, in his quavering voice, with a grin. "I know too much about women for that." "That's what you say," retorted Mrs Meadows. "If the truth was known I shouldn't be surprised to hear as how you'd had half a dozen black wives in your day." "They're not black in China, Emily, you ought to know better than that , they're yellow." "Parhaps that's why you've got so yellow yourself. When I saw you, I said to myself, why , he's got jaundice."
"I said I'd never marry anyone but you, Emily and I never have." He said this not with pathos ot resentment, but as a mere statement of fact, as a man might say, "I said I'd walk twenty miles and I've done it." There was a trace of satisfaction in the sppech. "Well, you might have regretted it if you had," she answerd. I talked a little with the old man about China. "There's not a port in Chaina that I don't know better than you know your coat pocket. Where a ship can go I've been. I could keep you sitting here all day long for six months and not tell you half the things I've seen in my day." "Well, one thing you've not done, George, as far as I can see," said Mrs Meadows, the mocking but not unkindly smile still in her eyes, " and that's to make a fortune." "I'm not one to save money. Make it and spend it ; that's my motto. But one thing I can say for myself ; if I had the chance of going through my life again I'd take it. And there's not many as'll say that." "No indeed." I said. I looked at him admiration and respect. He was a toothless, crippled, penniless old man, but he had mde a success of life, for he had enjoyed it.
大変長い文ですが誰か暇な方いればお願いします The government has drafted an outline of a bill to provide financial aid to sufferers of asbestos-caused cancer and mesothelioma, a cancer of the membranes surrounding the lungs, and to bereaved family members of victims. The government hopes to have the Diet enact the bill next year. Health damage from asbestos as well as worries about ill effects in the future are spreading nationwide. The fears have been touched off by revelations since June that the mineral has killed thousands of people over the past few decades. Drafters of the bill thus far should be commended for covering sufferers not eligible for labor-accident compensation -- such as family members of workers who handled asbestos, people who lived near asbestos-related factories, asbestos-affected workers for whom the statute of limitations has expired, and family members of such workers who died five or more years ago. All the same, the bill should be designed so that any person likely to have suffered from an asbestos-related lung disease, or a bereaved family member, can receive financial aid without going through rigid eligibility tests.
(>>604つづきです) The government has not yet worked out details for determining which people will be eligible for aid. In principle, however, assistance should be extended even to suspected cases in which people may have difficulty proving a relationship between asbestos and their disease. This is important because the incubation period before the symptoms of asbestos damage appear can be as long as 20 to 40 years. Sufferers of mesothelioma would receive aid almost automatically because asbestos is considered the most likely cause of this disease. Other people may have difficulty gathering the necessary evidence such as medical records and X-ray charts. The recognition procedure should be simplified as much as possible so that no sufferer or bereaved family member gives up applying for financial aid. The bill introduces many other points that have yet to be hammered out. The government must decide on the details of financial aid. Authorities are considering providing medical fees and monthly benefits to people with asbestos-related lung diseases while making lump-sum payments and funeral-cost compensation to surviving family members. Reportedly, the amount of a lump-sum payment for bereaved family members of nonworker victims would be several million yen -- possibly lower than that provided under the workers' compensation system. Nonworker victims should not be treated differently from worker victims. The bill incorporates the idea that the industries and companies concerned should contribute to a fund from which sufferers would receive money. Some companies and industries are said to fear being singled out as sources of contributions solely because of their good business performance. The government must devise a plan that obliges businesses to take due responsibility; at the same time, the plan must be convincingly equitable.
(>>605つづきです) The bill should also make clear the state's responsibility for health damage from asbestos. As far back as 1972, the International Labor Organization pointed out the harmful nature of asbestos. The labor ministry and the environmental agency at the time became aware of the risk, but it wasn't until 1995 that the government banned the production and use of the very harmful brown and blue asbestos. Although the use of white asbestos, whose carcinogenic nature is said to be weak, was banned in October 2004, use of asbestos is still allowed in products for which suitable substitutes have not been found. The government denies administrative nonfeasance, although it failed to act on the need to take a preventive approach. There was also inadequate communication between government ministries and agencies. With cases of asbestos-related diseases being reported one after another, it would not be far-fetched to say that there was some negligence on the part of the government. Although enterprises should take direct responsibility for the asbestos-related lung diseases of workers on the job, the government should accept some responsibility, since, in some cases, people came down with lung diseases from asbestos fibers that scattered into the air from nearby factories. Asbestos remains in the structures of many buildings in Japan. The government should set up a powerful permanent body to develop measures to deal with the issue as soon as possible, including measures to prevent the scattering of asbestos when old buildings are razed. It also should carefully listen to the opinions of sufferers as the details of the bill are worked out. The government plans to completely ban the use of asbestos in 2008. It should do so sooner, say in 2006, as Health, Labor and Welfare Minister Hidehisa Otsuji has suggested.
こちらもお願いします The Osaka High Court on Friday found unconstitutional Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's three visits to Yasukuni Shrine from 2001 to 2003. The court said the visits violated Article 20, Section 3, of the Constitution, which prohibits religious education and any other "religious" activity by the state and its organs. The ruling came only a day after a separate decision by the Tokyo High Court dismissed an appeal by 39 plaintiffs who had sought damages for Mr. Koizumi's August 2001 visit to the shrine. Even so, the Osaka High Court's decision carries great weight in that it represented the first decision by a high court to find Mr. Koizumi's Yasukuni visits unconstitutional and marked the second "unconstitutional" ruling to date following the one by Fukuoka District Court in April 2004.Technically, however, the prime minister and the state won the Osaka lawsuit because the high court denied any compensation to the plaintiffs, who had claimed that they suffered psychological pain as a result of the Yasukuni visits. If the plaintiffs decide not to appeal the ruling to the Supreme Court, the ruling will become final since the prime minister and the state, as victors in the lawsuit, cannot appeal. After becoming prime minister, Mr. Koizumi visited the shrine -- which memorializes 2.46 million war dead and 14 convicted Class-A war criminals, including wartime Prime Minister Hideki Tojo -- four times by Jan. 1, 2004. As to whether he will make a Yasukuni visit this year, he has said only that he will "make a proper judgment." He said Friday's court ruling will not affect that judgment, although it is expected to restrain him. It should be noted that none of the eight previous judicial rulings concerning his Yasukuni visits had explicitly affirmed them as constitutional; in fact, the constitutionality question was avoided for the most part.
>>607続き If Mr. Koizumi does visit Yasukuni again while he remains a public official, he will contravene the spirit of the apology he made Aug. 15 for Japan's colonialism and aggression in East Asia before and during World War II. Such a visit would surely work to Japan's disadvantage in its relations with neighboring countries, especially China and South Korea. The lawsuit handled by the Osaka High Court had been filed by 188 people. Symbolically, 116 of them were non-Chinese native Taiwanese whose relatives had died as soldiers or civilian workers of the Imperial Japanese armed forces during World War II and were enshrined at Yasukuni. Taiwan was a Japanese colony from 1895 until the end of the war. The plaintiffs had protested the enshrinement of their relatives at Yasukuni together with the Japanese "aggressors." The lawsuit concerned Mr. Koizumi's Yasukuni visits on Aug. 13, 2001, April 21, 2002, and Jan. 14, 2003. The court said his visits should be regarded as having occurred in his official capacity as prime minister in view of the surrounding circumstances including that (1) the visits appeared to comply with political promises he had made before becoming prime minister, (2) the motives and purposes expressed in his statements concerning the visits were political and (3) he never denied that his visits were official.
>>603 ありがとうございました!! これもお願いします;;; 3 Kenji: Now, let's talk about the environment. Today's environmental problems must worry you. Jane: Yes, we humans must understand that wild animals have the right to live, and that they need wild places. Besides, there are some kinds of living things that we must not destroy. Many drugs for human diseases come from plants and insects. When we destroy a wild area, maybe we are destroying the cure for cancer and other diseases without knowing it. Kenji: I see. Jane: Yes. And everything in nature is connected. In a forest, for example, plants and animals make up a whole, complex pattern of life. If we destroy that pattern, all kinds of things can go wrong. Kenji: An example? Jane: Sure. One time rabbits all over England died of disease. Since the foxes didn't have enough to eat, they started killing the farmers' chickens. The farmers then killed the foxes, and rats rapidly increased in number and destroyed the farmers' grain. The farmers ended up losing as much as they had lost to the rabbits. We humans are in danger of destroying our environment and ourselves along with it.
You may not think that people notice your tone of voice, but they do. In fact, people often respond to your tone instead of to your words. It tells people a lot about your attitude and the mood you are in. For example , consider the different ways the little word "yes" could be side in answer to the following questions. "Do you want an ice cream cone?""Will you clean up the kitchen tonight?" "Do you think I'll win the contest?" "Is my cigarette smoke bothering you?" People also notice your manners. Good manners are more more than knowing which fork to use and when to say "Thank you." Manners also mean paying attention to how other people are feeling. Good manners are basically another way of saying "I like you" or "I respect you" They express consideration for other people's rights, needs, and feelings. Having good manners does not mean being stiff and stuff. You can have good manners and still have fun. You just need to know how to act in different situations. When tou are with friends in the school gym, you can play rough , but you can't act that way in a restaurant or mobie theater. Knowing that your uncle's sense of humor is different from your friends', you joke with him in a way that will make him laugh and put him at ease. Sometimes, of course, it is hard to know how to act. Once in a while, without intending to , you may seem rude. You may tease people in jest and find you have really hurt them. You might giggle out of shyness and annoy someone. If you are really trying though, people will forgive the mistakes you make. If you are sincere, it usually shows.
お願いします。 Japan's Tadahiro Nomura became judo's first triple Olympic champion and compatriot Ryoko Tani broke new ground by taking her second gold on Saturday. Tani, who won in Sydney and took silver in 1992 and 1996 as Ryoko Tamura, was fighting a month after injuring her ankle. She was her normal electric self as she beat France's Frederique Jossinet by waza-ari in the final, becomeing the first woman to win two golds. Nomura went into the under-60kg cetegory as favourite to add to his titles from 1996 and 2000. Nomura won his semi-final in just 23 seconds. He won the final though he showed none of his usual brilliance against Georgian Nestor Khergiani. Nomura's gold came 10 minutes after six-time world champion Tani had taken the women's under-48kg title. Her defeat of Jossinet was a repeat of the world championship final in 2003 and the French woman was too defensive again. She was twice penalized for passivity and Tani scored the crucial waza-ari 15 seconds remaining.
Japan's diminutive Mizuki Noguchi put on an extraordinary display of front-running to win the Olympic women's marathon title in Sunday as Paula Redcliffe's challenge ended in bitter tears. Noguchi, the world silver medalist who weighs just 88 pound and is 4 feet 9 inches tall, produced a killer surge up a series of tortuous inclines just after the halfway mark to break clear. She hung on to win by 12 seconds, timing two hours 26 minutes 20 seconds. Noguchi's success followed Naoko Takahashi's win in Sydney. Silver went to fast-finishing world champion Catherine Ndereba of Kenya in 2:26:32, with bronze for Deena Kastor of United States in 2:27:20. Noguchi managed a few words and then had to be carried out of the stadium after collapsing, overcome by heat and humidity. Big pre-race favorite Redcliffe, who led for the first half of the race, failed to finish, breaking down in tears at the 22 mile mark as she slipped back to fourth after two hour's running.
長いですけどお願いします☆ You want to help someone like 12 year old Delwar Hossain. For a year, he worked at a Dhaka garment factory, putting in 12 hour days pressing shirts and packing them for export. Pressed by overseas groups to stop employing children, Delwar's factory in the Bangladeshi capital fired him last September, along with his young co-workers. But it didn't do Delwar much good. He now ekes out a living selling waste paper that he picks up along the roadside. Delwar and his mother, a mentally ill beggar, sorely miss his $20-a-month factory salary. Lately they have been skipping meals. For two months, they haven't been able to pay the rent. His face set in a deep frown, Delwar says he doesn't understand why he had to leave the factory. "I could do the work just fine," he says. "I lost my job for nothing." Television images of Third World children making shoes, shirts and rugs for sale in Paris or New York have provoked call for trade sanctions and boycotts against companies and countries that exploit children. But Delwar's story is a cautionary tale for those fighting to help Asia's youngest workers: Child labour is a complex problem, and simple, well meaning solutions do more harm than good. So, how best to help these children? International aid agencies are starting to focus on education. Keeping youngsters in the classroom keeps them off the assembly line. In Thailand, for instance, as complusory public schooling has been expanded, more children are studying and fewer are working. Education also lays the foundation for future economic growth. Governments, the agencies say, must be made to provide for their people.
Yet the problem is vast. Tens of millions of children under 14 are toiling in fields and factories across Asia - no one knows exactly how many, because most work in unregulated and unmonitored parts of the economy. They work long hours at back-breaking and often dangerous jobs and get paid a pittance. Many work alongside their parents on farms or in family-run shops. Others find jobs in industry. The least fortunate are sold into slavry. According to the International Labour Office, at least 15% of all 10 to 14 year olds in Asia work, more than anywhere else in the world expect Africa. From furniture factories in Manila to fishing platforms anchored off the coast of Sumatra, the sweat and suffering of Asia's youngest citizens helps fuel the region's economic growth. In India, Pakistan and Nepal, more than 1 million children have been sold into servitude and work under medieval conditions at brick kilns, carpet liims and glass factories.
"Sake ga nomenai yo-ja" is a warning to drink or lose popularity. This warning is often given by upperclass-men to their juniors at drinking parties. But it is also heard among certain adults. To enjoy drinking in Japan -and a willingness to get drunk- issomething of a virtue among some men. But not everyone likes to drink. Many men today want to do their job and go home after at work. They want to wake up in the morningwithout a hangover. Or they may like to drink alone quietly, far from the noise and banter of their colleagues. But to heavy drinkers, this is tantamount to anti-socialbehavior. It is seen as a threat to smooth human rela-tions, although it clearly isn't. There are two kinds of drinkers in Japan. On the one hand, there are the moderate drinkers who drinkto relax and be sociable. Most Westerners are in this category. If others don't want to drink much, it doesn't matter. Everyone is free to pace himself.
On the other hand, there are the heavy drinkers who suffer from some kind of complex. They cannot bear to drink alone, will not drink alone, and arrogantly demand that others fellow them into a sublime state of drunkenness. They cannot stand tosee someone leave the table more sober than they.They cannot stand to come up against someone unwilling to do as they wish. Holding back is worsethan not drinking at all. Than there is the problem of drinkers becoming a public nuisance. Often they become sick on station platforms, abuse passersby, and even insult women. Worst of all, they have on shame whatsoever. The next day, they are quite ready to repeat the scene from the night before. Fortunately, young Japanese men today are freer than before. Forced drinking is gradually fading away. Few bosses will dare tell their juniors what to do during their off-hours. Some elders are even developing a little shame over their own behavior.
To fully appreciate thier songs, you have to listen to them sing and play. You can, however, catch a glimpse of their musical charm through their lyrics. At times their lyrics seem very simple, but they communicated something very important to the Beatles' fans. Sometimes fans shouted for joy; sometimes they cried from the pain in their hearts. As you read the lyrics below, see what feelings come to you. When they were young, the Beatles expressed the emotion of love in a straightforward manner; It there's anything that you want It there's anything I can do Just call on me and I'll send it along With love from me to you. ―From Me To You
(>>641の続き) They knew that when you are rejected, you feel insecure. They sang; If I fell in love with you Would you promise to be true And help me understand? 'Cos I've been in love before And I found that love was more Than just holding hands. ―If I Fell
(>>642の続き) As life went on and they grew more mature, they sometimes found it harder to carry on with thier life, and they needed someone to help them; When I was younger So much younger than today, I never needed anybody's help in any way. But now these days are gone. I'm not so self-assured. Now I find I've changed my mind And opened up the doors.
Help me if you can, I'm feeling down. And I do appreciate you being round. Help me get my feet back on the ground. Won't you please please help me? ―Help!
(>>643の続き) Near the end of their career, many of their songs became more philosophical, as their last single shows: And when the broken-hearted people Living in the world agree There will be an answer, let it be. For though they may be parted There is still a chance that they will see There will be an answer, let it be. ―Let It Be
(>>645の続き) In only eight years, the Beatles released many masterpieces. In addition, they influenced a number of aspects of the youth culture of the 60s, from hairstyles to the peace movement. Though their influence is not easy to see today, it certainly has become part of our culture. Once, when John Lennon was asked how many years the Beatles might be popular, he replied, “I can be big-headed and say we're gonna last ten years.” Although the band itself did not last that long, he certainly was not big-headed. More than forty years after making their first record in 1962, the Beatles are still with us. Before long, the Beatles' music will have entertained three generations of music fans. 長いかも知れませんが、よろしくお願いします
[Part1] In our daily lives we hear music inthe background - in stores, in restaurants , and even on the telephone . It is true that most of us do not pya much attention to this music. Some people say they hardly hear it at all. But even so, it can affect them. Researchers have found that this kind of music can actually change the way we act and feel. For example ,lively music in factries makes people do more homework. If slow music is played in a supermarket,people shop longer and buy more. Many doctors and dentists play soft music in the waiting room to help their patients relax. If slow music is played ina busy reataurant, customers will be more patient , even if their dood arrives late.
[Part2] Playing slow music during meals may also help people who want to lose weight. A new study suggests that slow music makes people eat less. It also suggests that lively music helos young children finish what is on their plates. To check this , researchers at an American university served three meals to ninety people. The first meal was served in silence, One - third of the people asked for a second helping and it took them about forty minutes to finish the meal. Three weeks later researchers served another meal the same people. At this meal the researchers played lively music , such as ""Stars and Stripes Forever."" This time half of the people asked for a second helping, and they all finished in only thirty-one minutes or less. The last meal was served with slow,relaxing music,such as Mantoveni This time only a few asked fir seconds and most of them did not even finish their first helpings, It took them nearly an hour to finish their meal. they often paused while they were eating . They pushed the food around on thiar plates ,and cut it up before eating it. They actually ate less , but they felt fuller and more satisfied. Some even said the meal tasted better. It was clear that the music had chenged the way people ate, and even their feelings about what they were eating.
[Part3] Music is also good for people with medical problems. For example, music has helped many stroke victims. One stroke victim in New York sat by himself day after day.He never spoke. A nurse in the hospital played an old Jewish folk song to him on her accordion. When the man heard her playing, hi began to sing along. Soon he began to talk again. A doctor in California tried many different ways to help people with serious headaches. She found that a best thing to do was just to let people listen to what the liked. In Maryland, classical music was played to heart patients who had trouble sleeping. After listening to this music, many patients fell into a deep sleep. How does music help these patients? Researchers have shown that music helps us relax. We breathe more easily. Our blood pressure comes down, and our bodies produce natural painkillers. How ever, music is not only good for people who are ill. Anyone can use the power of music. For example, we can use music to build up our confidence. One doctor advises us to listen to the music the music from Rocky before we try to do something difficult, like talking an exam. We can use other kinds of music to make ourselves feel happier, more peaceful, or more energetic. In fact, music can help us create any mood we wish
To work hard in secondary school is accepted since it is the only way to pass the difficult college Gariben a truly serious student is not so well accepted. College students assume that others in their class will follow their ways and put having a good time before serious study. Even if one does study a great deal, he had better hide the fact or risk irritating his peers. Intellectual students are often seen as a threat by those less interested in academic study, at least until exam time when they may be asked to share their notes (shiken no toki wa yoroshiku ne). Students are supposed to take up anon-academic hobby such as tennis, mahjong, hiking,drinking, pop music, or baseball. It is unfortunate that students don't know what they should be getting out of their college education. In my opinion, a college deucation shouldprovide for a free exchange of ideas in the spirit of open inquiry. But this rarely takes place in Japan. America's Secretary of Education, William Bennett believes American college students should learn first about the West, because 1) it is theirs (the culture in which they live), 2) it is good (having produced the system of representative democrycy), 3) it has a long history of self-critical dialogue (the great debate of the classics Madison or Marx? Aquinas or Voltaire? Homer or Erasmus?), and 4) it is under attack by pseudo-intellectuals who want to destroy it. Should Japanese learn about theEast in a similar way? This is for the Japanese to decide. But at least, Japanese students should clearly understand their own values after a four-year college education.
One foreign teacher I know here in Japan refers to his students, whom he quite likes, as brain dead. Bythis, he does not mean that his students are not intelligent. He means that they have no curiosity about learning, having exhausted themselves by the end of high school. They feel they have no more to learn, as though knowl-edge were limited. Unfortunately, the companies reen-force such thinking by telling their freshmen recruits that theywill learn what is important in the company's own training program. The great tragedy is that Japanese college graduates do not know what it means to develop their intellect, to cul-tivate learning as a lifelong hobby, to read to expand their thinking and feelings. An intellectual need not be a college professor. An intellectual is anyone who reads books to learn, to broaden his horizons. We can all become intellectuals if only we put books ahead of tennis and drinking parties. This is what a college education should do. It should stimulate us to cultivate our intellect in order to better understandourselves and the world live in.
The second key to being a good speaker is to follow the motto of the Boy Scouts - Be Prepared. You can prepare in any way you like. You can write your speech out, and read it word for world. You can speak from an outline, or use cards with notes. Whatever method you use, don,t spend the whole speech with your eyes on the paper. Be sure to practice your speech enough so that you can look up often at your audience. If your problem is how to organize your speech, keep in mind this simple structure for speeches: 1.Tell them what you,re going to tell them. 2.Tell them. 3.Tell them what you,ve told them. If the audience understands your main ideas at the biginning, they will follow you more easily through the body of your speech. At the end, try to summarize your most important points in slightly different words from the ones you used in your opening
以前のサイトを見たのですが If your problem is how to organize your speech, keep in mind this simple structure for speeches: 1.Tell them what you,re going to tell them. 2.Tell them. 3.Tell them what you,ve told them.
>>679 もしもあなたの問題がスピーチをどのように構成するかというとであるなら、 スピーチのためのこの簡単な構造を覚えておきなさい。 (=もしスピーチをどう構成したらよいか困っているなら、次のようなおおまかな スピーチの組み立て方を覚えておきなさい。) 1 これから話そうとしていることを話す 2 話す 3 今話してきたことを話す *1=If the audience understands your main ideas at the biginning, 2=they will follow you more easily through the body of your speech. 3=At the end, try to summarize your most important points in slightly different words from the ones you used in your opening 意味的に対応している
Education has to thach us not only what we can know but also what the limitations of our knowledge are ─ what we don't know. 教育は、私達が知りえることだけでなく、 私達の知識の限界すなわち私達が知り得ないこともまた 教えるべきである
After doing all this thinking, he finally came to the conclusion that it was best for him to go back to where he came from. So he left for the Northlands. He thought, "I won't have to think any more. How happy I'll be! I won't have a thought in my head." But he was wrong. When he got back home and sat on his own special piece of ice, he just could not stop thinking. And of course, his ideas floated out of his head at once and froze. As soon as his old friends ― the bears, penguins, and seals ― read his thoughts, they all ran away from him. They thought that it was very rude to think. Poor Wal-Rus! Now he could only think bad things about his old friends. And these thoughts appeared over his head in ice letters. His relationship with his friends in the Northlands got worse and worse. Finally, he was left all alone on the ice.
Then it became warmer and warmer in the Northlands. Thoughts did not freeze in the air, so nobody could read them any more. But Wal-Rus was now in the habit of being alone. He was dreaming of the good old days when he didn't think. He thought: "It was terribly cold, but what a lovely, easy life it was!"
If asked what I like most about the Japanese, I would have to say it is their shyness and modesty. Modesty (kenson) is the mark of a well-bred, wise person. Pushy, aggressive behavior is anathema to most Japanese. It denotes poor breeding and a refusal to abide by the rules of correct social behavior. To some extent, this is true in America as well. Most foreign writers overlook shyness when analysing the Japanese. They touch on conformity, groupism, and hierarchy without ever mentioning the shy, modest nature of most Japanese. Not only are Japanese girls shy but boys as well not perhaps among themselves but certainly in the presence of older persons and those out-side the group. This shyness accounts in part for the reluctance of the Japanese to make new acquaintances. On meeting a stranger, there is often embarrassment and nervousness. Calling cards are exchanged, and formal speech is used. There is no sign of enjoyment no firm handshake or warm smile. One feels introductions are almost painful for most Japanese.
So, why do I like shy, modest behavior? Opposites attract, we sometimes say, and this is certainly true for me. To become acquainted with someone slowly is not a bad thing. One Japanese friend of mine complains about how many Americans wear their heart on their sleeves. He says Americans are too friendly to everyone; they give you the details of their life on first meeting. I can understand his feelings. He thinks Americans do not sufficiently respect the privacy of others. Here in Japan, I enjoy being left alone. Because the Japanese like to be left alone, they generally leave others alone. I think this is not a bad practice. To be too self-effacing, however, can be troublesome. There are those Japanese who would have you think they know nothing when, in fact, they know a great deal. Foreigners do not like this kind of false, excessively mousy behavior. Most Japanese do not like it either, I believe. One should be careful to avoid giving the impression of knowing nothing and having no self-confidence. Fortunately, most Japanese understand well the delicate balance between excessively shy and excessively aggressive behavior. The fine line is well observed by most Japanese, and it is most appealing.
Many people believe there`s some secret that makes a person a good speaker. My "secret" is simply that I think of public speaking as no different from any other form of talk. It`s a way to share my thoughts with others. In one sense it`s easier than social conversation because you can control what to talk about, and how to talk about it. However, this also means that you have to have something to say. The first key to being a good speaker, therefore, is to talk about something you know well. When you talk on a subject you don`t know well enough, you`ll be in a difficult situation because: 1. Your audience may be bored if they know more about the topic than you do. 2. If you`re not at ease in the subject, you may be ill at ease in your way of speaking. So choose a topic that you know well, and start with your own experience. Then you`ll be more comfortable, and your audience will find it more interesting.
It was at my coming-of-age ceremony for a Jewish boy that I made my fist speech. I was thirteen years old. At first, I didn't know what to talk about. Finally, I decided to talk about a topic I knew very well ― my father. He had died three years before. I recalled my walks and talks with my father down Howard Avenue to Saratoga Park. There he would buy me ice cream and say "But don't tell your mother. She might think it's too close to dinner." Having ice cream in the park with my father was very nice, but for me, it was our talks that were more important. He'd often talk to me about the Yankees' great players. He'd ask me what I learned in Hebrew school that day. I shared these memories with my audience, and I told them that when I thought of my father, I always remembered our talks in Saratoga Park. Some of the audience said nice things to me after I finished my speech, and I was glad I had shared my memories with them.
The second key to being a good speaker is to follow the motto of the Boy Scouts - Be Prepared. You can prepare in any way you like. You can write your speech out, and read it word for world. You can speak from an outline, or use cards with notes. Whatever method you use, don,t spend the whole speech with your eyes on the paper. Be sure to practice your speech enough so that you can look up often at your audience. If your problem is how to organize your speech, keep in mind this simple structure for speeches: 1.Tell them what you,re going to tell them. 2.Tell them. 3.Tell them what you,ve told them. If the audience understands your main ideas at the biginning, they will follow you more easily through the body of your speech. At the end, try to summarize your most important points in slightly different words from the ones you used in your opening
Don't stay serious if you don't have to. Even if you're talking on a serious subject, most audience will welcome a good joke. Humor is most effective when it reminds the audience of their own experiences. My friend Jackie Gleason made a good joke about a problem in New York City. The problem was what to do about the traffic jams there. He said, "Make all the streets one-way north ― then it becomes Albany's problem." If you make a speech on how to sole some problem, you can use this joke. After the laughter, you can relate the joke to the points in your own speech by saying, "Gleason's joke is telling us we shouldn't make problem-solving more difficult than necessary." Talk is the most important from of human communication. In fact, a book I read said that one person speaks eighteen thousand word a day, and I don't doubt that number at all. So why not develop our skills to become the best speakers we can be? Let's start right now.
冬休みの課題で困ってますorz よろしくお願いします。CROWNのT Reading1 After doing all this thinking, he finally came to the conclusion that it was best for him to go back to where he came from. So he left for the Northlands. He thought, "I won't have to think any more. How happy I'll be! I won't have a thought in my head." But he was wrong. When he got back home and sat on his own special piece of ice, he just could not stop thinking. And of course, his ideas floated out of his head at once and froze. As soon as his old friends ― the bears, penguins, and seals ― read his thoughts, they all ran away from him. They thought that it was very rude to think. Poor Wal-Rus! Now he could only think bad things about his old friends. And these thoughts appeared over his head in ice letters. His relationship with his friends in the Northlands got worse and worse. Finally, he was left all alone on the ice. Then it became warmer and warmer in the Northlands. Thoughts did not freeze in the air, so nobody could read them any more. But Wal-Rus was now in the habit of being alone. He was dreaming of the good old days when he didn't think. He thought: "It was terribly cold, but what a lovely, easy life it was!"
More than half of China's young people say they want to make friends with their Japanese peers even though many of them do not have a positive opinion of Japan, and 80 per cent have never met anyone from the country, according to a survey published yesterday.
About 51 per cent of respondents, mostly university students, said they were willing to have Japanese friends, 21 per cent did not want friends from across the East China Sea, while the rest stood neutral.
The poll - conducted by 21st Century, China Daily's weekly youth English newspaper - surveyed 1,657 young people across China about their opinions of Japan starting from April.
Despite the goodwill on a personal level, only 2.8 per cent of those asked how they felt about Japan said they liked it. More than half said they hated or disliked the country.
"It's fairly understandable that the Chinese youth dislike Japan," said Jin Xide, a professor from the Institute of Japanese Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. "The Japanese right-wing forces have brazenly tampered with history and are always trying to whitewash the invasive war. We have to strongly oppose these people."
However, he added that Chinese youth also know that it is not the Japanese people who should be blamed.
Sino-Japanese relations have deteriorated in recent years, and took a particular nosedive after the Japanese Government approved a history textbook which brushed over Japanese atrocities, sparking demonstrations in China.
Protesters accused Japan of failing to own up to its wartime history. To show their anger, many vowed to boycott Japanese goods.
However, the poll found that about 73 per cent of the youths surveyed said business and technology are the areas in which the two countries should fully co-operate.
These judgments, however, were not made through personal contact with Japanese people. Nearly 80 percent of those surveyed said they had never met anyone from Japan. More than 60 per cent said they formed their opinions about Japan through the press, TV and the Internet.
Other evidence of the media impact: The survey found that the three Japanese people most familiar to Chinese young people are Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, and war criminals Hideki Tojo and Yamamoto Isoroku.
Although we are not usually aware of it, most of us use our hands when we are talking. You can see this by turning down the sound on your television set. Notice how much the speakers use their hands as they talk. Our hands can show the shape and size of things(try describing a spiral staircase without using your hands!)and emphasize what we are saying. Many gestures are not made naturally; we have to learn them, and they vary from one country to another. For example, how do you call someone to you? In Spain and many other countries you beckon someone to come with your palm down, which can look like the English sign for sending someone away. In Italy you wave good-bye with the back of your hand, which can look like the English sign for beckoning someone! What do you mean when you nod or shake your head? Nodding seems to be one of the few gestures found in nearly every country; it seems to mean 'yes' almost everywhere, but in some parts of India, for example, shaking the head also means 'yes'. In Greece and Southern Italy and many other parts of the world, throwing the head back, which can look like a nod, means 'no.'
When you see your friends, how do you greet them? People in many coun-tries find the English cold and unfriendly because they often do no more than say 'hello.' Even adults shake hands usually only the first time they meet. French people, including schoolchildren, shake hands with their friends, or kiss them if they are close friends, each time they meet and when they leave one anohter. At home they do not go to bed without kissing everyone in the family good night, on both cheeks, and shaking hands with any visitors. The same thing happens in the morning. How do you think a French child might feel if he or she stays with our family? Other countries have different ways of greeting. The Inuit rub noses. In Polynesia you take hold of your friend's hands and use them to stroke your face. In Tibet it is very polite to stick your tongue out at someone; youare saying 'there is no evil thought in my tougue !' In some parts of East America it is considered very unlucky to point with your fingers, and so people turn their heads and pout their lips in the direction they mean. In Britain some people 'cross their fingers' for good luck, but in Austria and Germany they hold their thumbs. In Britain, if the people in an audience do not like a performer and if they are not very polite, they may clap their hands slowly to mean 'go away !' In other parts of Europe the slow hand clap is a great compliment! In Britain people may stand up as a sign of respect. in some other countries they sit down to show that they look up to the person.
クラウンIのReading1(セイ・ウチの話)なんですけど、 A long long long time ago と It was so-o-o cold thatの和訳をどなたかできますでしょうか?? パソの直訳じゃへんてこな文になってしまい、お手上げなんです・・・。 お手数かけますがどなたか宜シクお願いシマス!m(- -)m
働く女性につぃての和訳問題です。 It is also stressful to care of newbons while staying in touch with the business world. It sometimes requiresto become a magician to achieve the impossible, or simply to leave babies in the care of a nanny when concentration on businerss is required, just as Ms.Labiak in thir article did when she man-aged to close a deal with hes biggest customer. お願いいたしますm(__)m
すみませんが、分からないのでどなたかお願い致します。 I think the vanity of everyone here has a lot to do with why we are here and what we are doing―why we are staying here and trying to democratize this country when cleary it's an uphill batlle.
Thanksgiving.I woke up at about eleven,and I walked out into the hallway in my pajamas-and there were two of my sister Debby′s friends.We all laughed,but I was really embarrassed.
383 U.S. Enironmental Protection Agency (EPA) yesterday enacted a new ordinance with the comprehensive measures for ozone which is decreasing to the harmful level to health,and for airborne soot emitted from powerplants in eastern and middle western states. Decreasing でいいの? This long awaited ordinance is expected to save thousands of lives and millions of days of sick-leave caused by pollutant air.
CAIR will cap emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in 28 eastern states and districts. It will also grant emissions trading.
Although CAIR is expected to improve gradually the air quality, further regulatory measurements to reduce the gas emissions from vehicles and so on are said to be neccessary in order to meet the new standards. Nitrogen Oxides change into smog by reacting with sun ray under the warm atomosphere, which is a risk of respiratory system and causes damages to farm crops. Sulfur Dioxide on the other hand is the primary causes of acid rain which has caused the damages to environments in the east over the years.
OHIO, Cincinnati─Pete Rose was on of the greatest players ever to play the game of baseball. His hustle and work ethic were a credit to the sport. Fans adored him. Throughout a long career with the Cincinnati Reds and then as player-manager of the Philadelphia Phillies, Rose broke numerous records, including those for
most lifetime hits and most games played. Not only could he hit─and with power, too─but he was also a daring and dangerous baserunner and a Gold Glove winner out in the field. Rose played with such intensity and relish that you could tell how much he loved the game. He seemed almost addicted to it.
Unfortunately, Rose had a more serious and less healthy addiction. He was a compulsive gambler. He bet on anything and everything. He gambled on the horses, on football and basketball games, and played the slots in Atlantic City. He bet on anything except baseball itself, or so Rose claimed. (Betting on baseball games would have been completely unethical since it would carry the implication that Rose might "throw" games to collect on his bets.) On August 23, 1989, Pete Rose was brought before the Commissioner of Baseball, A. Bartlett Giamatti. Pete admitted that he had bet on football and basketball. The Commissioner said that Rose's gambling had "stained" the game. He had no choice but to ban Pete from ever having anything to do with professional baseball again.
But that wasn't the worst of it. Rose soon found himself in civil court charges of falsifying his income tax reports for several years. Rose had made a lot of money from signing autographs at baseball card shows. But he hadn't reported any of this income to the Internal Revenue Service. He had used this extra money to feed his gambling habit. The judge in the case sadly announced that there were two Pete Roses: ont the living baseball legend, the other the individual who had broken the law. "Today, we are not dealing with the legend," the judge said. On April 20, 1990 Rose pleaded guilty, saying he was ready to accept his punishment. pay his
debt to society, and get on with his life. He spent five months in jail, underwent treatment for his gambling addiction, and put 1000 hours of community service. Not long after, Rose was also made permanently ineligible for the Baseball Hall of Fame─where, as a legend of the game, not as an individual, doesn't he
deserve his place next to Babe Ruth, Hank Aaron and all the others?
Perhaps they wound up in the river by accident, and because they found that fish were plentiful and enemies scarce there, they chose to make it their home. Perhaps they found refuge in the river after the appearance of dolphins and whales that could swim faster than they could, meaning they could not catch as many fish as they used to. Whatever the casa, what an unhappy fate awaited these dolphins that chose the river to be their home.
英訳お願いします Japan's favourite racehorse did what she does best on Monday - clocking up her 106th straight defeat. Haru-urara, a runty chestnut mare, galloped in a gallant last-but-one at the Kochi racecourse, where a record crowd gathered to watch her exploits. Her popularity is put down to Japanese fondness for the hopeless but plucky underdog, correspondentssay. "It's better if she loses", one punter said of the four-legged celebrity who duly obliged, coming in 10th out of 11. Haru-urara, or Gentle Spring, slogged through the mud at the racecourse south-west of Tokyo, roared on by more than 10,000 spectators who had come from all over Japan to watch her. She was ridden by Japan's star jockey, Yutaka Take, but even his skill could not break her losing streak. Correspondents say Haru-urara, the eternal loser who does not give up, has struck a chord with those Japanese who have lost most during the past decade of economic stagnation and job losses.
There are many expressions in Japanese showing the wisdom of silence and the dangers of talking too much. Kuchi wa wazawai no moto is a clear warning of the disasters that can come from indiscriminate speech. The pheasant that cries out gets shot (kiji mo nakazuba utaremai). Silent communication between husband and wife is often referred to as ishin denshin. It is a far cry from the long dialogs between American husband and wives. A Japanese politician's grunts and few words are known as haragei("belly talk"). American politicians, on the other hand, are renowned for their smooth public speaking and chatty manner. A worthy person in Japan is supposed to be rather quiet. To talk too much (oshaberi) is always bad. Rather than state the obvious, it is better to leave certain things up to the imagination of others (iwanu ga hana). When a Japanese does speak, he is often expected to express not the truth―his true feelings, or honneーbut what is acceptable to the group, tatemae. Tatemae frustrates most Westerners and can lead to charges of insincerity, inscrutability and even duplicity. Interestingly, though, tatemae seems to be on the wane these days, especially among young people.
To let one's speech run like water (tate ita ni mizu wo nagasu) is considered a sign of shallowness, the mark of an untrustworthy person. Japanese woman are more frank and open in their speech than Japanese men. They are more prone to express their ideas in a forth-right manner. Takako Doi, leader of the Japan Socialist Party, is a refreshing change after her more introverted predecessors. Her popularity may indicate that a new trend is at work,even among politicians. Still, there lingers in the minds of many older Japanese a prejudice against speaking up and giving one's opinion. One is supposed to think and feel rather than talk. Since silence is never incriminating in Japan, a wise man knows that silence is golden (chinmoku wa kin). Westerners, too, have this proverd, but it is rarely observed. Westerners prefer to speak frankly, tell it like it is, speak their mind, talk straight from the shoulder, and discuss with on holds barred. To some Westerners, than, the Japanese way of silent communication seems "sneaky." Are the Japanese really a contemplative people, given to deep thought and philosophy? I don't think so. Quite the contrary. Because they are an emotional people―easily moved to anger―they are careful to keep their emotions in check. To avoid "disaster," they observe silence and resort to tatemae. But outside Japan, this behavior can lead to problems.
OHIO, Cincinnati─Pete Rose was on of the greatest players ever to play the game of baseball. His hustle and work ethic were a credit to the sport. Fans adored him. Throughout a long career with the Cincinnati Reds and then as player-manager of the Philadelphia Phillies, Rose broke numerous records, including those for most lifetime hits and most games played. Not only could he hit─and with power, too─but he was also a daring and dangerous baserunner and a Gold Glove winner out in the field. Rose played with such intensity and relish that you could tell how much he loved the game. He seemed almost addicted to it.
Unfortunately, Rose had a more serious and less healthy addiction. He was a compulsive gambler. He bet on anything and everything. He gambled on the horses, on football and basketball games, and played the slots in Atlantic City. He bet on anything except baseball itself, or so Rose claimed. (Betting on baseball games would have been completely unethical since it would carry the implication that Rose might "throw" games to collect on his bets.) On August 23, 1989, Pete Rose was brought before the Commissioner of Baseball, A. Bartlett Giamatti. Pete admitted that he had bet on football and basketball. The Commissioner said that Rose's gambling had "stained" the game. He had no choice but to ban Pete from ever having anything to do with professional baseball again.
But that wasn't the worst of it. Rose soon found himself in civil court charges of falsifying his income tax reports for several years. Rose had made a lot of money from signing autographs at baseball card shows. But he hadn't reported any of this income to the Internal Revenue Service. He had used this extra money to feed his gambling habit. The judge in the case sadly announced that there were two Pete Roses: ont the living baseball legend, the other the individual who had broken the law. "Today, we are not dealing with the legend," the judge said. On April 20, 1990 Rose pleaded guilty, saying he was ready to accept his punishment. pay his debt to society, and get on with his life. He spent five months in jail, underwent treatment for his gambling addiction, and put 1000 hours of community service. Not long after, Rose was also made permanently ineligible for the Baseball Hall of Fame─where, as a legend of the game, not as an individual, doesn't he deserve his place next to Babe Ruth, Hank Aaron and all the others?
The following situation will illstrate how `I'm sorry' and `Excuse me 'are used. X goes into a resturant, but there are no empty tables. At one table there are three chairs, but only one is occupied. They are the only two vacant chairs in the restaurant, so X goes over to the table and says to the person sitting there, "Excuse me. Do you mind if I sit here?" He does not say, I'm sorry, may I sit here?", for he has done nothing wrong. The peson ma reply, "Not at all", and offer X the seat. HOwever he may instead reply,"I'm sorry, but I'm waiting for some friends." he says"I'm sorry"because he has deprived X of the use of the seat though, in fact, he has no right to do so. Thus, he needs to explain to X why he will not let him sit there(”I'm waiting for friends.”) A seat opens up and X sits down. The waiter brings X a glass of water, but X knocks it over by accident and apologizes by saying "I'm sorry." The Japanese do not use expressions corresponding to "I'm sorry"even if they sympathy. However, they tend to say "Excuse me"or "I'm sorry"even if they haven't been in the wrong.
Britain's Anti-Slavery International has denounced Brazil as the greatest offender in the Americas for cases of involuntary servitude, worse than Peru, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Documented cases of Brazilians living like slaves soared from 597 in 1989 to 25,150 last year, according to the Pastoral Land Commission, a nonprofit group sponsored by the Roman Catholic Church. Gabriel do Nascimento Vieira, a priest and head of the land commission in northern Minas Gerais state, puts the figure at 100,000. "Just here in northern Minas there are about 30,000 slaves, and 4,000 of those are children," says Vieira, who is based in Montes Claros, a city of 250,000 on the edge of the outback in northern Minas Gerais. "The system is designed to make necessary forced labor. And who's getting rich off it? Shoemakers, sugar producers, steel companies, and the American, Italian and German car makers that import our steel." On paper, slavery died more than a century ago. In 1888, under world pressure, Princess Isabel signed the so-called "Golden Law" that made Brazil the last Western nation to abolish slavery. Today, the law prohibits "reducing a person to a condition analogous to slavery." But although a few bosses have been jailed for abusing employees, and reports of forced servitude fill filing cabinets at the federal Labor Ministry, no one has ever been prosecuted for keeping slaves. Responding to a flood of denunciations, President Fernando Henrique Cardoso appointed a task force last June to free the "modern slaves of Brazil" and punish those who use slave labor. Cardoso, who is trying to portray Brazil abroad as a modern economic power, earmarked $290 million for the commission, composed of delegates from five Cabinet ministries and federal and highway police. "Unfortunately, slavery has not ended," Cardoso said. "This is completely illegal, inhuman, and hurts the country economically."
The implementation of CAIR is expected to cut sulfur dioxide by 73% and nitrogen oxide by 60% from 2003 level. At the same time, considerations of states downwind started to be seen.
Furthermore, the issuance of new regulation controlling mercury emissions is scheduled to be announced for next week. Together CAIR and the regulation for mercury emissions control is acclaimed by environmental protection groups.
Among the industries who are grumbling in general, some however, welcome these new regulations in the hopes that the implementations of such umbrella covering recklessly issued current rules would contribute to the improvement of air quality and the economic growth by enhancing investments for technological innovations.
However, some environmental groups have harsh views saying that CAIR is “too little, too late.”
Yet to be fair, it promises some effects without a big burden of costs. Especially, electricity rate for household utility will not be changed at least until 2020.
At three thirty that afternoon, Harry, Ron, and their classmates walked quickly down the front steps for their first flying lesson. It was a clear day, with a little wind. The other class was already there, and there were twenty brooms lying in lines on the ground. Their teacher, Madam Hooch, arrived. She had short, gray hair and yellow eyes like a bird. "Well, what are you all waiting for?" she shouted. "Everyone stand by a broom. Come on, hurry up!"
以下続きです。 Harry looked down at his broom. It was an old one. "Put out your right hand over your broom," called Madam Hooch from the front, "and say, 'Up!'" "Up!" everyone shouted. Harry's broom jumped into his hand at once, but it was one of the few that did. Hermione's simply rolled over on the ground and Neville's hadn't moved at all. Perhaps brooms, like horses, knew when you were afraid, thought Harry; Neville's broom could hear in his voice that he did not want to do this, he just wanted to keep his feet on the ground. Madam Hooch then showed them how to get on their brooms, and walked up and down, showing them how to hold the brooms. Harry and Ron laughed quietly when she told Malfoy that he always did it wrong. "Now, when I blow my whistle, you kick off from the ground, hard," said Madam Hooch. "Don't move your brooms, rise a few feet and then come straight back down by pushing your body forward a little. On my whistle ― three ― two ―" But Neville was so afraid of being left on the ground that he kicked off before the whistle had even touched Madam Hooch's lips. "Come back, boy!" she shouted, but Neville was rising straight up like a cork shot out of a bottle ― twelve feet ― twenty feet. Harry saw his scared white face look down as he left the ground, saw him open his mouth and ― fall off the broom.