Thus it is only through the form of sensible intuition that we can intuit things apriori, but through it we can only know objects as they appear to us (to our senses), not as they may be in themselves; and this presupposition is absolutely necessary if synthetic propositions a priori are to be granted as possible, or should we actually encounter them, if their possibility is to be concerved and determied in advance.
Zeeman textielSupers De voordeligste site van EuropaDe voordeligste site van EuropaLe site le plus avantageux d'EuropeLe site le plus avantageux d'EuropeDie günstigste Seite von plus avantageux d'EuropeThe most profitable site of Europe.
You look greatly and are mistaking. The realities of this world is not seen. It is my center like infants of three years old or four years old as for this world ‥ The turn goes this way and that if requests, care isburnt, and still think in such a way …. ・・・・ blatantly.
Throw away overreliance. Your overreliance ‥ The barrel the shouts every day, and is the "Doraemon. " It is foolish ? unexpected misunderstanding of ・・・・ by which thinks whether it is natural to put out the tool in such a way <・・・・> why ifentreating. As for the people, no one eventually responds to stranger's help the so on. Children in Africa in which suffered from hunger ‥ the people who lost the house where lived by the war ‥ Was not food able to be managed, and did the Japanese who poured foolish money answer their requests? Though there might not be answer ‥ It is not so. the reason for this is not to be familiar It is so even in case of being in the near future. The stranger is not saved as long as it is not the one that something is obtained either. It is basic. Because the basis was swept and mistaken, became a panel of which I came in p urposely the 22nd century ・・・・.
Of course, there is the helping one in the inside, too. However, the reason for it is that convenience is good for me and ‥ In a word, ‥ is cheated. Why ‥ It is not understood ‥ Why ‥ Is not it noticed ・・・・?
Glittereyed, his rufous skull close to thou his greencapped desklamp sought the face, bearded amid darkgreener shadow, an ollav, holyeyed. He laughed low: a sizar's laugh of Trinity: unanswered. Orchestral Satan, weeping many a rood Tears such as angels weep. Ed egli avea del cul fatto trombetta. He holds my follies hostage. Cranly's eleven true Wicklowmen to free their sireland. Gaptoothed Kathleen, her four beautiful green fields, the stranger in her house. And one more to hail him: ave, rabbi. The Tinahely twelve. In the shadow of the glen he cooees for them. My soul's youth I gave him, night by night. Godspeed. Good hunting.
Learning and memory may rely on the ability of neuronal circuits to reorganize by dendritic spine remodeling. We have looked for geometrical parameters of cortical circuits, which maximize information storage capacity associated with this mechanism. In particular, we calculated optimal volume fractions of various neuropil components. The optimal axonal and dendritic volume fractions are not significantly different from anatomical measurements in the mouse and rat neocortex, and the rat hippocampus. This has led us to propose that the maximization of information storage capacity associated with dendritic spine remodeling may have been an important driving force in the evolution of the cortex.
理系板にしては盛り上がってるスレだな。ちょっと方向が違うけど聞いていいかな? デバイス系の論文の冒頭で「〜を実現した」ってのを表す時、 We have demonstrated 〜〜〜か 〜〜〜〜 has been achieved みたいな受動か どちらが好まれるんですかね? 能動態でやるのがnativeは好きだという人と、その逆と両方聞くんですけど
>>53 > まあ結局は書き手のスタンスの問題で、堅苦しく書きたければ受動態、 > カジュアルに書きたければ能動態にすればいいんじゃね? 文脈で態を切り換えたほうがいいときとかあるんで、カジュアルかどうかより わかりやすさを重視した方がいい、と教わってます。たとえば、 In Fig 1, at point X, we can see the sudden increase of Y. ときたあとで、 We can interpret this change as ... というのはいかにも不自然で、 This change can be interpreted as ... とやった方が流れがスムーズです。最初の文で新しいもの(the sudden increase)を導入してるので、その直後の文はその新しいものを主語にして始 めた方がわかりやすいからです。
The formation of an entire organ can be triggered by a single gene regulatory protein
We have seen that even though combinatorial control is the norm for eucaryotic genes, a single gene regulatory protein, if it completes the appropriate combination, can be decisive in switching a whole set of genes on or off, and we have seen how this can convert one cell type into another. A dramatic extension of the principle comes from studies of eye development in Drosophila, mice, and humans. Here agene regulatory protein (called Ey in flies and Pax-6 in vertebrates) is crucial. When expressed in the proper context, Ey can trigger the formation of not just a single cell type but a whole organ (an eye), composed of different types of cells, all properly organized in three-dimensional space.
The most striking evidence for the role of Ey comes from experiments in fruit flies in whice the ey gene is artificially expressed early in development in groups of cells that normally will go on to form leg parts. This abnormal gene expression causes eyes to develop in the middle of the legs.
さあ、ネイティブかどうかなんてわかるわけねーし。 著者を一応書いとくと Bruce Alberts Ph.D. from Harvard University and President of the National Academy of Science Alexander Johnson Ph.D from Harvard Univ. and Professor at the Univ. of Calofornia Julian Lewis Ph.D Oxford and a Principal Scientist at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund ,London Martin Raff M.D. McGill Keith Roberts Ph.D. Cambridge Peter Walter Ph.D Rockefeller
Abstract: A new approach to the model-independent description of quantum field the-ories will be introduced in the present work. The main feature of this new approach is to incorporate in a local sense the principle of general covariance of general relativity, thus giving rise to the concept of a locally covariant quantum field theory. Such locally covariant quantum field theories will be described mathematically in terms of covariant functors between the categories, on one side, of globally hyperbolic spacetimes with isometric embeddings as morphisms and, on the other side, of -algebras with unital in-jective -monomorphisms as morphisms. Moreover, locally covariant quantum fields can be described in this framework as natural transformations between certain functors. The usual Haag-Kastler framework of nets of operator-algebras over a fixed spacetime back-ground- manifold, together with covariant automorphic actions of the isometry-group of the background spacetime, can be re-gained from this new approach as a special case. Examples of this new approach are also outlined. In case that a locally covariant quantum field theory obeys the time-slice axiom, one can naturally associate to it certain automorphic actions, called “relative Cauchy-evolutions”, which describe the dynamical reaction of the quantum field theory to a local change of spacetime background metrics. The functional derivative of a relative Cauchy-evolution with respect to the spacetime metric is found to be a divergence-free quantity which has, as will be demonstrated in an example, the significance of an energy-momentum tensor (up to addition of scalar functions) for the locally covariant quantum field theory. Furthermore, we discuss the functorial properties of state spaces of locally covariant quantum field theories that entail the validity of the principle of local definiteness.
>>105 The generally covariant locality principle - A new paradigm for local quantum field theory Brunetti R, Fredenhagen K, Verch R COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS 237 (1-2): 31-68 JUN 2003 だな。 プレプリは http://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0112041
和訳をお願いします Phys. Rev. B 66, 132508 (2002) Based on calculations using the local density approximation, we propose quantum wire networks with square and plaquette-type lattice structures that form quantum dot superlattices. These artificial structures are well described by the Hubbard model. Numerical analysis reveals a superconducting ground state with transition temperatures Tc of up to 90 mK for the plaquette, which is more than double the value of 40 mK for the square lattice type and is sufficiently high to allow for the experimental observation of superconductivity. c2002 The American Physical Society
propose の使い方は特に変ではない。 それよりも少々気になるのは、a superconducting ground state とあるのに transition temperatures と複数形になっている点。あとは double the value よりも twice the value だろうな。折れだったら more than twice as large as that for the square lattice type とするかな。
それでもやはり複数形は不自然だな。これではある特定の(パラメータを持った) 超伝導状態が複数の転移温度を持つかのような文になってしまう。temperature と 単数形にして他はそのままで up to によってパラメータ依存性を暗示すれば十分。 あるいは up to 90 mK, which varies depending on the parameters, ... としても 良いがアブストではくどいかも知れない。この場合でも temperature は単数。
ついでだが、propose a method なら良くて、propose networks はおかしいと いう方がおかしい。いずれも「推薦する」にはならないよ。
>Based on calculations using the local density approximation, >we propose quantum wire networks with square and plaquette-type >lattice structures that form quantum dot superlattices.
The Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences (MIPS-GSF), Neuherberg, Germany, provides protein sequence-related information based on whole-genome analysis. The main focus of the work is directed toward the systematic organization of sequence-related attributes as gathered by a variety of algorithms, primary information from experimental data together with information compiled from the scientific literature. MIPS maintains automatically generated and manually annotated genome-specific databases, develops systematic classification schemes for the functional annotation of protein sequences and provides tools for the comprehensive analysis of protein sequences. This report updates the information on the yeast genome (CYGD), the Neurospora crassa genome (MNCDB), the database of complete cDNAs (German Human Genome Project, NGFN), the database of mammalian protein?protein interactions (MPPI), the database of FASTA homologies (SIMAP), and the interface for the fast retrieval of protein-associated information (QUIPOS). The Arabidopsis thaliana database, the rice database, the plant EST databases (MATDB, MOsDB, SPUTNIK), as well as the databases for the comprehensive set of genomes (PEDANT genomes) are described elsewhere in the 2003 and 2004 NAR database issues, respectively. All databases described, and the detailed descriptions of our projects can be accessed through the MIPS web server
The expected spatial resolution of the technique has also been analyzed theoretically, showing that it is on the same order as for other scanning probe techniques.
そうだろうな。 The expected spatial resolution ... has been analyzed theoretically and found to be on the same order ... あるいは A theoretical analysis of the expected spatial resolution of the technique shows that it is on the same order ... てところだろうな。
The solution-diffusion model has proved to be rather less useful for explaining the reverse osmosis separation of organic solution , for which it has been observed that the rejection of the organic solute can decrease with increaseing operationg pressure , and even in some cases be negative.
organic solutionの逆osmosis separationを説明するモデルとしては、 solution-diffusionはどうやら有効でないことが示された。 (なぜなら)operating pressureを増加させるにつれて the rejection of the organic soluteは減少することもあり、 場合によってはさらに負になることさえ確認されたからである。
"rather less useful"のあたり、論文にしてはかなーり自信なさげな感じ。 非制限用法のwhichは前文を説明するために付加されることもある。
お舞ら大丈夫か? for which ... pressure は the reverse osmosis separation とは何かを追加 説明しているんだろ。それから、and be negative は be rather less useful と 並んでいるのだと折れは思うぞ。ちょっと、いやかなり、読みづらいがな。
以下の和訳をよろしくお願いします。 For screening, we typically test four siRNA sequences per target, spacing the siRNA sequences down the length of the gene sequence to reduce the chances of targeting a region of the mRNA that is either highly structured or bound by regulatory proteins. Because constructing and testing four siRNA expression plasmids per target is time-consuming, we find it much easier to screen potential siRNA sequences using PCR-derived siRNA expression cassettes (SECs). SECs are PCR products that include promoter and terminator sequences flanking a hairpin siRNA template and can be prepared with Ambion's Silencer? Express Kits. This screening strategy also permits the rapid identification of the best combination of promoter and siRNA sequence in the experimental system. SECs found to effectively elicit gene silencing can be readily cloned into a vector for long term studies. Ambion scientists have determined that sequences that function well as transfected siRNAs also function well as siRNAs that are expressed in vivo. The only exception is that siRNA sequences to be expressed in vivo should not contain a run of 4 or 5 A's or T's, as these can act as termination sites for Polymerase III.
An external open-loop position control integrating an internal closed-loop control on joint values was implemented and tested. The cable or strap lengths are turned to volts joint values to be sent to the electrical motors using calibration data, thanks to calibration functions. The robot repeatability is 4mm. Its resolution on the working surface is 2mm for the main translation and 1° for the orientation. The resolution on the axis of the probe is 1mm. The precision is about 10mm. Those numbers have to be analyzed keeping in mind several facts: first, the echographic plane is not a mathematical plane but a "pseudo-plane" which has a volumic shape. We can approximate it by a parallelepiped although its thickness varies depending on the distance to probe surface. With typical probes for abdominal exams, its thickness is 2 or 3mm at the focusing distance, larger close to and far from the probe surface. Concerning lateral motions in the "pseudo-plane," since the probe is generally several centimeters large, the resolution limit is not critical. The objective is not to reach a given absolute location but to explore an anatomical environment with continuous image feedback. This objective is made possible. The normal force in the Ultrasound probe direction varies from 3 dN to 27 dN.
As Web technology spreads, the number, variety, and sophistication of Web-based information services is literally exploding. While some effort has been put into managing a single, centrally controlled Web site, current Web technologies offer little help for managing Web-based applications in-the-large. This is partly due to the distributed, heterogeneous, and open nature of such applications. This paper proposes a generic framework for managing Web-based applications which addresses both semantic and managerial issues. Semantic issues are addressed through the inclusion of a domain model component in the framework which describes the kinds of information that are available. Management issues are treated through a framework which includes formally defined notions for an information model, information base consistency, transactions, and concurrency control. Thus, the proposed management system provides a semantically robust environment for Web-based information services while allowing for Web source independence.
It is not the intention of this section to introduce yet another transaction model but rather to show how to adopt existing concepts to our architecture.
yet another somethingってのは決まり文句で、既に同じような種類のsomethingが沢山提案さ れていたり存在している状況で、あえてさらに別のsomethingを提案する際に使われます。「ま たまた別のsomething」ってことです。有名な例は、コンパイラコンパイラのyaccがyet another compiler-compilerですよね。yetの意味としては「さらに」とか「その上」といった 感じになると思います。また、another and yet anotherで「一つまた一つと」「続々と」とい う意味の慣用句があります。
adoptは「採用する」ですが、adopt person toで「養子にする」という用法があるようです。
the monolayer's ability to cover surface features down to nanometer scale was exploited to replicate sharp surface molds into metal coated photoplastic tips with ~30-nm radii for use in scanning probe instruments such as near-field optical techniques. The advantage compared to standard sacrificial layer techniques is the ability of replication at the nanoscale and the absence of etchants or solvents in the final process steps.
First, aluminum electrodes that are embedded in plastic are made using lithography, etching and surface transfer techniques. Second, using a patterned monolayer as de1fined by microcontact printing, resulted in a spatial variation of the surface adhesion forces. This was used to directly transfer the stamped pattern into a metal structure without using additional transfer etching steps.
Surface micromachined features in microelectromechan-icalsystems(MEMS) are built up layer by layer,on the surface of a substrate. The functional structures are then typically released by selective removal of a sacrificial layer using a wet etch step to obtain freestanding movable parts of a microactuator device. Sometimes, however, wet chemistry may induce manufacturing and process design drawbacks. One problem for example is the risk of permanent attachment of slender structures to the underlying substrate after the final rinsing and drying step. Other potential problems are mainly the etch selectivity between the sacrificial and structural layers,and furthermore the risk of surface contamination, in particular when chemically active surfaces for (bio)chemical sensor or microfluidic devices are constructed.
Dry-etchable organic layers have also been introduced in MEMS fabrication techniques to be used as a sacrificial layer . The absence of fluidics prevents release-related stiction and eliminates furthermore chemical cross-contamination. In another application, the grafting of densely packed organic molecules on microstructure surfaces is used to enhance the lubrication between moving MEMS parts ,which may olso be useful as a release layer. An entirely different method of constructing surface micro-machined devices completely detaches the individual parts from the surface to be used as stand-alone MEMS parts. In this case the surface only serves as support material, which is often pre-structured with etched mold features that are to be replicated into the released devices. T he substrate wafer containing the mold is later completely dissolved by wet or dry etching. For instance silicon nitride cantilever probes for atomic force microscope (AFM) featuring nanometer sharp pyramidal tips are microfabricated in large volumes using such a wafer-dissolving method.
An alternative way would be to use deposited or grown sacrificial layers between mold and functional layer. However, the typically 1-μm-thick sacrificial layers which are needed to allow a high lateral underetch rate, are not suitable for nanoscale repli-cation since the additional layer smoothens the sharp mold and prevents accurate replication at the required scale(10nm).Only very recently, a novel approach for low-cost wafer-scale fabrication of AFM probes and probe cassettes has been demonstrated without a wafer-dissolving step. The probes were constructed by using photoplastic material (EPON-SU-8) as a functional layer and surface released by using an ultra-thin(20-nm)wet-etched sacrificial Al layer, yielding tip radii in the order of 30nm. The interest of using molding processes for micro- and nanoscale device fabrication is obvious since it allows simultaneously high-resolution, low cost processes and wafer-scale compatibility. For instance, in the filed of lab-on-the-chip devices with chemically functionalized surfaces, or in the field of nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS) [10] with fragile mechanical elements, it would be preferable to use release techniques that eliminate wet-processing steps totally. Dry-releasing a surface micro/nanofabricated device with patterned metal electrodes on the bottom side which are protected during the process, would enable the design and integral manufacturing of novel devices with functional metal electrodes and writing, on the bottom and on the top side of, e.g., thin films. For instance, metallic nanowires can be transferred by mechanical lift-off from a graphite surface and are embedded in a polystyrene film, as recently shown by [11]←図.
In view of making this techniques available for silicon micro-fabrication processes, we developed a release technique using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on silicon dioxide, which serves as anti-adhesion layer between functional structures, which are , then separated by mechanically peeling them off the surface .
一文だけお願いします。out of whichのあたりがどうも上手く訳せないのです。 Therefore, if the parameter of the AddToScope service consists of n Web artifacts, out of which m are new to the scope, there will be m instances of each of the rules r1-r5 in the transaction log.
Only much more elaborate models , with many more parameters reflecting defferent aspect of the possible interaction solutes with the membrane , could be expected to predict such behavior adequately.
英文: The uncorrelated and orthogonal coordinates of this reduced space are the eigenvectors (principal components) of the covariance matrix of the dataset.
論文のタイトルなんですが、 Design and Integration of Passive Double Tracked Mobile Manipulator System for Explosive Oreance Disposal を訳していただけないでしょうか? 特にTrackのとこが論文中にも頻繁に出てきて 大事な単語の気がするんですがよくわかりません。
The advantage of the CMA is the large solid angle of acceptance giving high transmission, but limited energy resolution and restricted movement of the sample in front of the analyzer have inhibited further development of the analyzer.
The self-opening bag stack according to the invention preferably include a plurality of stacked t-shirt type high density polyethylene film bags releasably adhered together.
To assess the possibility of using urea in hydroponic solution for tomato plants at reproductive growth stage, the absorption, translocation, and assimilation of urea, nitrate, and ammonium were compared at four different growth stages.
In a little while from now, If I'm not feeling any less sour. I promised myself, to treat myself, And visit a nearby tower .......... And climbing to the top, Would throw myself off, In an effort to, make clear to whoever, What it's like when your shattered ....... Left standing in a lurch, In a church with people saying ..... My God, that's tough, she stood him up, No point in us remaining ....... I may as well go home, As I did on my own, Alone again, naturally.
I made my reservation, I'm leaving town tomorrow I'll find somebody new and there'll be no more sorrow That's what I do each time, but I can't follow through I can't breakaway, though you make me cry I can't breakaway, I can't say goodbye No I'll never never breakaway from you, no, no No, no, no, no, no, I'll make that vow to myself, you and I are through Nothing can change my mind; I'm sorry won't do That's what I'll say each time, but I can't follow through I can't breakaway, though you make me cry I can't breakaway, I can't say goodbye No I'll never never breakaway from you, no, no No, no, no, no, no, Even though you treat me bad and many cruel words are spoken You have got a spell on me that just can't be broken, no, no I'll take your picture down and throw it away There'll be no baby now, for you to call each day That's what I'll say each time, but I can't follow through I can't breakaway, though you make me cry I can't breakaway, I can't say goodbye No I'll never never breakaway from you, no, no No, no, no, no, no, I can't breakaway, though you make me cry I can't breakaway, I can't say goodbye No I'll never never breakaway from you, no, no No, no, no, no, no, I can't breakaway, I can't breakaway, I can't breakaway...
What'll you do when you get lonely And nobody's waiting by your side? You've been running and hiding much too long. You know it's just your foolish pride.
Layla, you've got me on my knees. Layla, I'm begging, darling please. Layla, darling won't you ease my worried mind.
I tried to give you consolation When your old man had let you down. Like a fool, I fell in love with you, Turned my whole world upside down.
Chorus
Let's make the best of the situation Before I finally go insane. Please don't say we'll never find a way And tell me all my love's in vain.
We will be shipping you out today. The little problem is that we only h ave 7 #820's left and will get the other 3 to you as soon as they come in. Let us know if we can do anything else for you.
I made my reservation, I'm leaving town tomorrow 私は(飛行機,列車の?)予約をした,明日にはこの街を去っている. I'll find somebody new and there'll be no more sorrow 新しい恋人を見付け,そうすればもう悲しみはなくなる. That's what I do each time, but I can't follow through いつも私はそうして来た,だけど今度はそうする事ができない. I can't breakaway, though you make me cry 私は離れる事が出来ない,君には泣かされるというのに. I can't breakaway, I can't say goodbye 離れる事が出来ない,君にさようならと言えない. No I'll never never breakaway from you, no, no 絶対に君とは離れたくない. Nothing can change my mind; I'm sorry won't do 何も私の心を変えることができない,悲しい事に. Even though you treat me bad and many cruel words are spoken 君は私を手酷く扱い,沢山の残酷な言葉を投げ掛けたというのに,離れられない.
I Gave You Love 私は君を愛した(過去形). I Thought That We Had Made It To The Top 私自身は,最高の愛だと思っていた. I Gave You All I Had To Give 君に全てを捧げた. Why Did It Have To Stop なのにどうして終わってしまったのか?
You've Blown It All Sky High 君は愛を空のかなたへと吹き飛ばしてしまった. By Telling Me a Lie 嘘をついて. Without a Reason Why 理由も無しに You've Blown It All Sky High 君は愛を空のかなたへと吹き飛ばしてしまった.
as a whaleをどのように訳していいかわからず大変困っております。 下記の英和をお願い致します。
We evaluated the cognitive functions and circadian rhythms of the patients as a whale, and asmenbers of two groups(one: questionable and mild dementia; the other: moderate and severe dementia;both groups classified by the severity criteria of Clinical Dementia Rating).
We evaluated the cognitive functions and circadian rhythms of the patients as a whale, and as menbers of two groups(one: questionable and mild dementia; the other: moderate and severe dementia;both groups classified by the severity criteria of Clinical Dementia Rating).
I registered no samall amount of alarm to here that ayoung SWM(single white male) at the University of North Carolina has been illegally subjected to harassment. おねがいしまっすm__m
I registered no small amount of alarm to hear that a young SWM(single white male) at the University of North Carolina has been illegally subjected to harassment. でした、すいません
>I can feel that we have, when you're writing the design and then have the chance to play it, >a game like this needs all the time it can get to be played forward and back.
The information they contain is rarely the reason for our interest in them; the source of their fascination is the eloquence and angle of vision of the lecturer. What makes such presentations worth-while is the opportunity they afford of seeing,and asking questions about,how another human being perceives the world. お願いしまぁぁす!
Whereas the growth behavior of the control cell line 111-10 (harboring pMF111) is the same in the presence or the absence of tetracycline in the culture medium, the SEAP-p27 producing cell lines (113-6B, 113- 10B, 113-30B, and 113-31B), while showing a growth rate similar to that for the control cell line in the presence of tetracycline (data not shown), became growth arrested in the absence of tetracycline which induces the dicistronic expression unit.
To measure a body,a 3-D scanner generates a so-called point cloud from the subject's frame, a constellation of 100 000-200 000 points located on the body's surface in three dimensions. Researchers can choose any of several scanners using different techniques to determine the point locations, including techniques that use beams of ordinary or laser light.
To deal with the problem, new reference markers for various body measurements will have to be adopted to bring the human and machine measurements into sync. For example, the computer can identify the small of the back easily, and if that spot is used as a reference marker for the waist, then human and machine measurements will tally reliably.
Because the scanning system captures shapes rather than measurements, the most important element of the body scanner is not the method used to obtain the point cloud but the software that extracts the size measurements. Some older systems, for example, cannot determine landmarks automatically, and so technicians must make the measurements manually, albeit digitally, after the body is scanned. Other systems require that reflective markers be placed on key locations, such as the shoulders or the hips, to cue their location to the scanning system-a procedure subjects generally dislike.
Such speed of adaptation is a great boon as many hundreds of holograms could be tried in a single experimantal run,a facility that is not available with micro-fabricated devices.
Of course, data analysis is only as good as the data that is captured in the first place. The accuracy of the scanners compared with that of hand measurement has been the subject of some contention, due to discrepancies in some measurements. Often measurements done by hand use bony points, such as the hips or the ribs, as reference markers. Scanners, however, can't find bony points consistently, so differences between measurements taken on the digital model and those taken by hand may occur. This inconsistency is forcing developers to consider some deceptively subtle questions, such as: where exactly is your waist, anyway?
The purpose of this study is to examine the historical development of Waikiki from 1900 to 1949,and the decisive transformation of its environment from a primarily agricultural land to a resort area. By taking the methodological approach of a landscape study,the dissertation explores the images and movements behind the scenes and beneath the surface,and correlates these developments with evolving economic,social,and cultural values.The central thesis is that Waikiki's changing landscape from 1900 and 1949 reflects the formation of the American idea of a resort paradise,serving primarity the affluent,privileged class.
I think the usual explanation that we tend to think of - such as the tractability of the subject, or the quality or education of the men drawn into it, or the size of reseach contracts- are important but inadequate. I have begun to believe that the primary factor in scientific advance is an intellectual one. These rapidly moving fields are fields where a paticular method of doing scientific reserch is systematically used and taught, an accumulative method of inductive inference that is so effective that I think it should be given the name of "strong inference." I believe it is important to examine this method, its use and history and rationale, and to see wtether other groups and indivisuals might learn to adopt it profitably in their own scientific and intellectual work.
Scientists these days tend to keep up a polite fiction that all science is equal. Except for the work of the misguided opponent whose arguments we happen to be refuting at the time, we speak as though every scientist's field and methods of study are as good as every other scientist's, and perhaps a little better. This keeps us all cordial when it comes to recommending each other for government grants.
But I think anyone who looks at the matter closely will agree that some fields of science are moving forward very much faster than others,perhaps by an order of magnitude,if numbers could be put on such estimates. The discoveries leap from the headlines and they are real advances in complex and difficult subjects, like molecular biology and high-energy physics.As Alvin Weinberg says, "Hardly a month goes by without a stunning success in molecular biology being reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences." Why should there be such rapid advances in some fields and not in others?
I think the usual explanation that we tend to think of -such as the tractability of the subject, or the quality or education of the men drawn into it, or the size of reseach contracts- are important but inadequate. I have begun to believe that the primary factor in scientific advance is an intellectual one. These rapidly moving fields are fields where a paticular method of doing scientific reserch is systematically used and taught, an accumulative method of inductive inference that is so effective that I think it should be given the name of "strong inference." I believe it is important to examine this method, its use and history and rationale, and to see whether other groups and indivisuals might learn to adopt it profitably in their own scientific and intellectual work.
> some fields of science are moving forward very much faster than others, > perhaps by an order of magnitude, if numbers could be put on such estimates.
order of magnitude は科学技術系の文章にときどき出てくるイディオム。 one order of magnitude は10倍、two order of magnitude は100倍という 意味で、おおまかに比較する(正確な値が分からない)ときに使う概念。 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_magnitude ここでは「あるオーダで違う」→「数桁違う」と訳した。
> Why should there be such rapid advances in some fields and not in others?
すごいスレッドみつけました。 おねがいします!!! A few “rescued clones” (period, 25 hours) were found (Fig. 1A, middle) among 20,000 to 40,000 transformants. The library DNA from a rescued clone was recovered as a plasmid (p44N) in Escherichia coli (11). Targeting of p44N again, such that the transformant carried the mutated gene at its native locus and the WT gene or genes at NSII (12), rescued mutant C44a completely (Fig. 1A, bottom), suggesting that the plasmid contains an entire WT gene for the kaiC11 mutation (Fig. 1D) of mutant C44a and that this mutation is recessive. To localize the region essential for rescue, we subcloned genomic DNA fragments of p44N into the pSEQ1 vector (13) and introduced them into mutant C44a. Only the 4.7- kb Eco RI fragment of p44N rescued the mutant. We sequenced this fragment and analyzed putative protein-coding regions. Six open reading frames (ORFs) were found; three were known genes (“cheY,” rpL27, and rpL21), and the other three form a cluster (Fig. 1B). To find the mutation site, we amplified the cluster from mutant C44a by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and determined its nucleotide sequence (14).
In its separate elements, strong inference is just the simple and oldfashioned method of inductive inference that gose back to Francis Bacon. The steps are familiar to every college student and are practiced, off and on, by every scientist. The difference comes in their systematic application. Storong inference consists of applying the following steps to every problem in science,formally and explicitly and regularly:
(In its separate elements…うまく訳せません)強力推論は、フランシス・ベーコンにまで遡る、 単純で、古い帰納的推論の手法である。諸段階は、どの大学の学生にもよく知られ、時々、使われているし、 どの科学者によっても使われている。違いはそれらの系統的な適用の仕方から生じている。強力推論は、 科学におけるどの問題に対しても、以下の段階を正しく、明白に、そして常に適用することで成っている。
1)Divising alternative hypotheses; 2)Divising a crucial experiment(or several of them), with alternative possible outcomes, each of which will, as nearly as possible, exclude one or more of the hypotheses; 3)Carrying out the experiment so as to get a clean result; 4)Recycling the procedure, making subhypotheses or sequential hypotheses to refine the possibilities that remain; and so on.
It is like climbing a tree. At the first fork, we chooses-or, in this case, "nature" or the experimental outcome chooses- to go to the right branch or the left; at the next fork to go left or right; and so on. There are similar branch points in a "conditional computer program," where the next move depends on the result of the last calculation. And there is a "conditional inductive tree" or "logical tree" of this kind written out in detail in many first year chemistry books, in the table of steps for qualitative analysis of an unknown sample, where the student is led through a real problem of consecutive inference: Add reagent A; if you get a red precipitate, it is subgroup alpha and you filter and add reagent B; if not, you add the other reagent B'; and so on.
On any new problem, of course inductive inference is not as simple and certain as deduction, because it involves reaching out into the unknown. Steps 1 and 2 require intellectual inventions, which must be cleverly chosen so that hypothesis, experiment, outcome, and exclusion will be related in a rigorous syllogism; and the question of how to generate such inventions is one which has been extensively discussed elsewhere. What the formal schema reminds us to do is to try to make these inventions, to take the next step, to proceed to the next fork, without dawdling or getting tied up in irrelevancies.
It is clear why this makes for rapid and powerful progress. For exploring the unknown, there is no faster method; this is the minimum sequence of steps. Any conclusion that is not an exclusion is insecure and must be rechecked. Any delay in recycling to the next set of hypotheses is only a delay. Storong inference, and the logical tree it generates, are to inductive reasoning what the syllogism is to deductive reasoning, in that it offers a regular method for reaching firm inductive conclusions one after the other as rapidly as possible.
> In its separate elements, strong inference is just the simple and oldfashioned method > of inductive inference ... The difference comes in their systematic application. 個々の要素においては、強力推論は(中略)単純で古典的な帰納的推論の方法 そのものである。違いは系統的に適用することにある。
> and the question of how to generate such inventions is one which has been > extensively discussed elsewhere. そして、そういった発明を如何に生み出すかという問題は、別のところで 広く議論されてきている問題である。
>>453の "I have begun to believe that ..." もそうだけど、 ここは現在完了(継続)のニュアンスが出るように訳すのがいいように思う。
> Strong inference, and the logical tree it generates, are to inductive reasoning > what the syllogism is to deductive reasoning, in that ... 強力推論、およびそれが作り出す論理の木と帰納的推論との関係は (that 以下の点において)三段論法と演繹的推論の関係に等しい。
これは個人的に初見の表現だった(誤記かとオモタ ^^;)けど、辞書に用例があった。 > Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. > 読書の精神に対する関係は食物の体に対する関係に等しい。 (研究社新英和中辞典より)
The foregoing numerical study of transient thermal effects due to heterogeneous deformation establishes the compatibility of thermal trapping with finite amplitude stress wave propagation in complex elastic-plastic materials. Additional insight into the process of heterogeneous thermoplastic shear can be obtained from applying local momentum and energy balance to relative microstructural motion within the shock front. 6061-T6 aluminum is a precipitation-hardened alloy which exhibits heterogeneous deformation even under quasistatic loading, with a microstructural scale dependent on the magnitude of plastic strain. At shockwave loading rates a similar microstructure is obtained at an order-of-magnitude lower plastic strain level [4] and the above calculations suggest that thermal trapping effects prevail, at least for higher amplitude shock waves. Thus, shock-induced heterogeneous deformation in this alloy appears to be controlled in a complex way by both pre-existing metallurgy and dynamic effects, although the propensity for shear banding at the modest strain levels of shock-loading rates may indicate that dynamic effects are dominant.
この文のstrongってどう訳せばいいですか? The shifts in transport properties with pyrolysis temperature were strong but understandable functions of both the absolute penetrant size as well as the difference in size between the respective penetrants.
Plants which invest their progeny in the seed bank rertieve only a tiny fraction of them, and each of these is worth(in terms of contribution of genes to future generations) much less than other seeds which have already successfully produced progeny of their own rather than remaining dormant in the soil. 埋土種子に子を投資した植物は,それらの僅かな断片を想起する→埋土種子によって以前の植生の断片的な情報が得られる? そしてそのおのおのの植物は(次世代への遺伝子伝達という貢献をする観点から見て) 土壌中で休眠し続けるよりも、むしろすでに子孫を残すことに成功した他の種子以下の価値しかない。
んー。ダメな逐語訳の典型だw 特に分からないところは ・2行目のretrieve of tiny fraction of themという言い回し ・each of themのthemはplantsか ・much less than以下の構造 less than {other seed〜(rather than…)} でいいのかしら。
The Swedish academy chose scientists from France and the United States as winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Yves Chauvin is a chemist at the Institut Francais du Petrole. His work from nineteen secenty-one explained the activity of metathesis [meh-TAA-theh-sis] reaction. "These are when bonds between carbon atoms are broken and formed in ways that cause atom groups to change place." Such reactions have become an important way for chemists to produce new molecules.
I have a little question. Ms. Marin is whether to make the thread started by free killing time... That also of having also resisted thread starting on and after this time is a reason. How do you think? You are separations for a while, having ... and a question. Moreover, it is the day which meets!
I have a little question. Ms. Marin is whether to make the thread started by free killing time... That also of having also resisted thread starting on and after this time is a reason. How do you think? You are separations for a while, having ... and a question. Moreover, it is the day which meets!
We are realy able to see those who are very close to us as they realy are because of our readiness to accept their faults and accentuate their virtues. The same is equally true when we come to look at ourselves. It is very difficult for anybody to be objective about his own character. And every country tends to accept its own way of lifeas being the normal one and to praise or criticize others as they are similar to or differ from it.
It might be possible and implies a kind of slight increase of A which could be suggested by other factors that B might have been a group of sources of indicator of C regions where D had not been thought as a hint.
THE SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY was set forth by Einstein in his 190 5 paper"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies." The tarm "special relativity"is used to distinguish the thery from Einstein's theory of gravity,knowm as gemeral relativity,which he completed ten years later. Except for a glimpse into general relativity in chapter 12,we shall be concerned entirely with special relativituy,so fron now on I will drop the "special,"with the understanding that "relativity"always refers to to special relativity
Having thought carefully about one's future and how one would like to grow and develop shows qualities of foresight and responsibility for oneself, rather than dependency on a paternalistic company お願いします・・・。
Do the above steps with your slayer to obtain the healing packet..
Switch to your vamp... Make sure wpe is targeted to the vamps window... Then right click the healing packet and add to send list..
You will now notice that if you switch from the filter to the send tab there will be a new text box saying "New Send".. This is the healing packet you just sent to the list.. But you cant send it yet.. It will error..
First you must click play at the top left.. Then walk around for about 5 seconds on your DarkEden screen..Then hit stop on wpe..
Doing so will give you a list of packets.. Just Right click any of them and select the set send list with this socket id option.
Then there is a play button on the middle left.. This play button is for the send list.. Kinda like a GO! button. Pressing it will cause the packets on the send list to send .. As you desire. ちなみにslayer・VANP・wpe等というのはそのまま書いてもらってOKです。
To understand the true function of science and to be able to evaluate its theories it will first be necessary to have a very clear idea of the method by which it works. お願いします・・
なにが難しいんだよ!ヒントやるから自分でやれ To understand the true function of science and to be able to evaluate its theories この二つが並んでいる functionは関数じゃねえぞ! it will first be necessary to have a very clear idea of the method by which it works. この程度できなきゃ大学入試どうしたんだ!
In commercial situations where pipes are subject to corrosion, distortion, and scaling, the accuracy with which pressure drops can be computed in single-phase flow is often better than 25 percent and it would be presumptuous to expect a better correlation in the case of two-phase flow.
CHICAGO (Reuters) - Parents who are strict disciplinarians are far more likely to wind up with children who are fat by age six, perhaps because the youngsters over-eat as a reaction to stress, a study said on Monday. The report from Boston University School of Medicine also found that the fewest weight problems occur among children whose parents are "authoritative" -- having high expectations for self control but respectful of a child's opinions and who set clear boundaries. The study also found that children of parents who are permissive, defined as indulgent and without discipline, also have weight problems but not to the degree of the offspring of strict disciplinarians with low levels of sensitivity, the study said. Researchers also found that children of neglectful mothers and fathers, those who are emotionally uninvolved with no set rules, fared about the same as kids raised by permissive parents. The study covered 872 children who were part of a group enrolled at birth in 1991 in a U.S. government study and followed for a number of years.
"Among the four parenting styles, authoritarian parenting was associated with the highest risk of overweight among young children," concluded the study published in the June issue of "Pediatrics," the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics. "These results provide evidence that a strict environment lacking in emotional responsiveness is associated with an increased risk of childhood overweight," the study said. It may be that strict parents have defined limits on when and what their children eat that could have a negative impact if not accompanied by warmth and sensitivity, it added. "A parent who is relatively insensitive to the child's emotional needs and development may impose a structure, such as requiring that a child clean his or her plate, that results in learning to eat on the basis of external cues rather than internal cues," the report said. In addition, if a parent demands that a child exercise, it may result in an aversion to exercise, it said. And living in a home with high expectations for self control but little sensitivity can be stressful, it added, and overeating can become "a stress response." Parents who are strict disciplinarians are far more likely to wind up with children who are fat by age
In this article, we present a novel technique for image processing which enables a mobile robot equipped with an omnidirectional camera to perform localization in real time. The technique extracts features from camera images based on higher-order local auto-correlations, enabling storage of a large set of visited locations in the form of feature vectors. The key idea is a novel polar higher-order local auto-correlation (PHLAC) feature extractor. The PHLAC was outlined in [33]; we present here the details behind the design and a larger set of experiments, including results on orientation estimation and robustness against noise and occlusion. The PHLAC is based on HLAC, which is known to be translation invariant. It is also to be noted that translation invariance on a panoramic view is equivalent to rotation invariance on an omnidirectional view. The combination of these properties gives rotation invariance of the polar HLAC directly on the omnidirectional view. As the PHLAC vectors are also low dimensional, the image matching is substantially simplified, enabling a large set of localization hypotheses to be matched on-line in real time. As the localization space is continuous, but computation is to take place on-line using limited resources, particle filters are here used for estimating the approximate position and orientation of the robot. Our system lets a mobile robot perform global localization and recover from kidnappings based on only visual data and odometry readings. だれかお願いします^^ どうにもなりませんw
>>577 de-energized washed cell suspensions of E. coli KAM3 (pCtr or pBluescriptSK) that had been grown to mid-exponential phase in Luria-Bertani broth (14) were preloaded with [carboxyl-14C]cholic acid
In Section 2, existing works on vision-based localization are reviewed, with focus on appearance-based techniques. Section 3 introduces polar higher-order local auto-correlation (PHLAC) which is then used for probabilistic localization based on Sequential Monte Carlo, described in Section 4. Results from experiments using a real robotic system are then presented in Section 5, along with an analysis of the PHLAC vectors and their robustness against noise and occlusion. Section6 deliberates on how the extracted vectors can be made more distinct for different locations and how invariance against illumination can be introduced directly into the extraction process. Finally, in Section 7, main contributions and results are summarized, and major strengths and weaknesses of our current system are discussed.2. Vision-based localization A camera-based equivalent of a typical distance-based localization system would be acquiring a detailed threedimensional model of the environment [39]. This 3D model can then be used during localization to generate the expected 2D projections (camera images) at different locations. Instead of being able to internally generate complete camera images, the system could settle for being able to predict what features [49] would be detected at each location. The features in this case make up a sort of sparse 3D map of the environment. However, the 3D model-based approaches regularly depend on auxiliary distance sensors like stereo [8] and trinocular [10] cameras. An alternative to the Cartesian 3D models is to use an appearance-based approach [22]. Appearance-based localization, in its simplest form, involves taking raw snapshots at various locations and storing them along with positioning information. The current camera image can then subsequently be matched against these memorized images to find the most probable current location.
The notion of ideology is a fairly complex and controversial one. According to R.Williams, the word "ideology" "first appeared in English in 1796, as a direct translation of the new French word ideologie which had been proposed in that year by the rationalist philosopher Destutt de Tracy", to denote the "science of ideas, in order to distinguish it from the ancient metaphysics". In addition to this scientific sense, there is a more pejorative sense of the word in the philosophical tradition, originating from the 19th century and popularised by the writings of Marx & Engels. For them, the ruling ideas of an epoch were "nothing more than the ideal expression of the dominant material relationships", and failure to realise this produced ideology as an upside- down version of reality. This is reflected in the notion of ideology as "false consciousness". There is also a more neutral sense of ideology in Marx' writings, ideology as a "set of ideas which arise from a given set of material interests" (R.Williams). This sense was elaborated by Lenin for whom ideology is the system of ideas that are appropriate to a social class, usually an economically defined class, identified by a qualifying adjective: proletarian ideology, bourgeois ideology, etc.
More recent philosophers have focused on the implicit and unconscious materialisation of ideologies in practice. For example, A.Grasci defined ideology as' a conception of the world that is implicitly manifest in art, in law, in economic activity and in the manifestations of individual and collective life'. Ideologies are, thus "tied to action, and [...] judged in terms of their social effects rather than their truth values" (N.Fairclough). Ideology is also often connected with power and domination, i.e. class power and domination, in the Marxist tradition, or linked to Gramsci's concept of hegemony.
The relationship between ideology and language has for a long time aroused the interest of scholars from various disciplines, particularly from linguistics, philosophy, political science, sociology, and psychology. Depending on their respective background, these scholars have given different answers to questions such as what do ideologies look like, how can they be described and analysed, how can they be related to the processes involved in the production or interpretation of discourse, what are their social functions?
Such questions were discussed at a seminar, held on 17 May 1995 at Aston University. The main speaker was Teun van Dijk, professor of discourse studies at the University of Amsterdam. His wide field of research interests is reflected in his numerous publications: in the 1970s, on literary studies, text grammar, the psychology of text comprehension ; in the 1980s, studies of news in the press, and of the reproduction of racism through various types of discourse. His present research in the field of critical discourse analysis focuses on the relations between power, discourse and ideology. In this multidisciplinary project, van Dijk is trying to develop new theoretical notions, analytical distinctions and frameworks in order to explicitly link structures of society, cognition and discourse. Given this objective, his research is linked to Norman Fairclough's studies of the connections between language, power and ideology.
For van Dijk, ideologies are conceived of as the basis of the social representations shared by (the members of) a group. As socially shared belief systems of groups, ideologies are both cognitive and social.
A dynamics simulation scheme of a free-fall manipulator can be easily obtained from an expansion of general manipulator simulation scheme. In order to express states of posture (3DOF of position and 3 DOF of rotation), virtual links with no-mass and no-length are added on the base link of robotic system as shown in Fig.1. Using the joint angles (3DOF) and the base position (3DOF) of the virtual links, we can deal with total 6DOF states of the posture of the robot. This expression of 6DOF states is simpler than the another approach, for example, using position of center of gravity.
>>607 原文がおかしい希ガス。 reduce は他動詞で目的語は wait times だから 25 という語が浮いてる。 ... been reduced by 25% to 40 seconds なら 25パーセント減らして40秒になった、の意味だけど。あるいは ... been reduced from 60 to 40 seconds なら 60秒だったものが(20秒減って)40秒になった、の意味。
@Honda Motor Co., Ltd. announced the development of new technologied for the next-generation ASIMO humanoid robot,targeting a new level of mobility that will better enable ASIMO to function and interact with people by quickly processing information and acting more nimbly in real-world environments.
ABy detecting people's movements through visual sensors in its head and force sensors which have been newly added to its wrists, ASIMO can now move in sync with people, allowing itself to give or receive an object, shake hands in concert with a person's movement, and step forward or backward in response to the direction its hand is pulled or pushed. 最後の in response to the direction its hand is pulled or pushedの部分 the directionの次にwhereの省略でしょうか??省略可能でしたっけ。。
Bany predict that steroids, growth hormones and other drugs and chemicals that cheating athletes take to shave the smallest sliver of a second off their times will soon seem quaint, replaced by hard-to-detect genetic engineering, which could become commonplace by the Beijing Olympics in 2008.
二つ目は、steroids, growth hormones and other drugs and chemicals までが主語。 other は drugs and chemicals にかかっていて一つの名詞句を構成している。 これらのものが間もなく陳腐になって (will soon seem quaint) 検知の難しい遺伝工学に取って代わられる (replaced by hard-to-detect genetic engineering) というのが大方の予想 (Many predict that ...)、しかもこの遺伝工学は 2008年の北京五輪までにありふれたものとなる可能性がある、と。
With ears plugged, their eyes beneath translucent goggles and their bodies either encased in cotton wool, or floating naked in water at body temperature, people are deprived for considerable periods of external stimulation. Contrary to what one might expect, however, such circumstances result not in a lack of perceptual experience but rather a surprising change in what is perceived. The subjects in such an experiment begin to see, feel and hear things which bear no more relationship to the immediate external world than does a dream in someone who is asleep. These people are not asleep yet their hallucinations, or so-called "autistic" perceptions, may be as vivid, if not more so, than any normal percept.
On July 16, 1969, Apollo XI was launched at Cape Kennedy Space Center, Florida, carrying three men: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin, and Michael Collins. Many reporters and writers met with the astronauts before the trip; but those who interviewed Neil Armstrong emarged from the experience puzzled and sometimes annoyed. Not that he had been unpleasant or impatient; not at all.
最後の not at all の意味が全然わかりません。何て訳したらいいのでしょうか? わかる方お願いします
It is the same with all things. The sheer delight of a child's apperception is based on wonder;and deny it as we may,knowledge and wonder counteract one another . So that as Knowledge increases wonder decreases. We say again: Familiary breeds contempt. So that as we grow older, and become more familiar with phenomena, we become more contemptuous of them. But that is only partly true. It has taken some races of men thou-sands of years to become contemptuous of the moon, and to the assumption of knowledge. Antbody who looks at the moon and says "I know all about that poor orb,"is, of course, bored by the moon お願いします
A self-organizing system for pattern classification: time varying statistics and sensor drift effects
This paper discusses the results related to a simulated experiment of of pattern recognition in chemical sensing, employing a self-organizing map (SOM) and a sensor array. The sensor is formed by two sensors for the identification of two classes of input patterns in the presence of environmental statistical changes and sensor drift. Self-organizing map sampling clock rate,drift velocities and
Suddenly, I recalled visiting Cambodia several years ago. Among the children I saw there were a girl who had lost both legs and a boy who had lost his eyesight. Both had stepped on landmines. What a contrast. These happy Japanese children running around me now and those poor children in cambodia. よろしくお願いします。
I said to myself, “In a few minutes, I’ll start running, and three billion people will be watching me run. No mistakes, now. Stay calm and run" The torch is handed to me at last, and I start at a signal. As I go through the gate, I see a large crowd of children. “How pretty they look." Dressed in white, they hold their hands out to welcome me. As they run around me, cheering and singing, all in white among the colored lights, the children are like snowflakes. From the moment I leave the gate, I’m no longer alone. 訳お願いします。
Waschl and Richardson postulated that for very high specific surface area powders the explosive is almost homogeneous and the high impact pressures required to ignite the explosive inhibit successful completion of the build-up phase since the shock duration is much shorter than the time to establish a self-sustaining reaction. However, in our trials there was no evidence of “low order” events, as observed by Waschl and Richardson. It is proposed that for such high specific surface area powders the void/hot spot sizes are approaching a critical value.
"I would like you to join me in thanking all the people at Apple who've worked so hard to create all these new products." Then he added, "I want to thank the families and the spouses of all the people at Apple. Because I know you'd like to have us around a little more."
文脈が無いと解りにくいが、最後の部分が完全な誤訳。 (こういう誤訳が何十もあるのか?)
■ Two years later, C&G closed its doors. 「その二年後、C&Gはドアを閉じた。」(井口耕二 直訳) 正しくは「解散した」「廃業」「撤退」「閉店」「倒産した」「店をたたんだ」・・・
■ 「砂の中に隠しているわれわれの頭を引っ張り出そうではないか」(井口耕二 直訳)と 訳文にあって、私はすぐに bury one's head in the sand(現実から目を背ける)という慣用句が思い浮かんで・・・ これは日本語話者には、まったく意味不明ですよね。(直訳者にも意味不明でした。チャンチャン)
Carbon materials like diamond, graphite, and carbon thin-films have been used in tribological applications. Recently introduced nano-carbon materials like fullerenes and carbon nano-tubes have also been expected to have good tribological characteristics. 感覚的に分かるんですが,どう日本語訳していいのか分かりません よろしくお願いします
Unfortunately, the overwhelming finding of the present review is that few scientifically controlled studies have examined more than one behaviour area at a time, while those which have done so have concentrated on general community samples rather than cases selected for one or other problem type.
We define the dual edge e* as the preimage of the two segments in these polygons, joining the origin to the point of the boundary mapped to the middle of e.
Not only the services held within the churches,but their material presence in wood and stone seems to confer a devine blessing on the surrounding countryside and to proclaim the biblical truth that God dwells not in any house built by human hands, but (as Wordsworth says) in "the light of setting suns, and the round ocean and the living air, and the blue sky, and in the mind of man"
The detection in Germany, for instance, of element 109 is based on the observation of a single decay event after 3 weeks of bombarding a bismuth target with Fe. The half-life of isotope-226, of the element 109, is about 5 ms. Element 108 is claimed on the basis of three decay events from long-term bombardment of a lead target with Fe. The half-life of the 265-isotope of element 108 is about 3 ms.
However,the periodic table can also be constructed solely on the basis of the chemical properties of the elements, and one of its chief uses is to provide a compact mnemonic device for correlating chemical facts. In this chapter,the periodic table is discussed from the chemical instead of the theoretical,aspect. In effect,the kinds of chemical observations that originally stimulated chemists such as Mendeleev to devise the periodic table are examined here. Now,in addition,we are able to correlate such facts,and to interpret them, in terms of the electronic structures of the atoms.
Although various concepts help to bring order and systematics into inorganic chemistry,the oldest and still the most meaningful concept of order is the periodic table of the elements. As we pointed out in Chapter 2,the order in the periodic table depends on the electronic structures of the gaseous atoms. By successively adding electrons to the available energy levels, we can build up the pattern of the electronic structures of the elements from the lightest to the heaviest one currently known,element 109. Moreover,on the basis of the electron configurations,the elements can be arranged in the conventional long form of the periodic table.
『The coup came after months of political tension as Prime Minister Thaksin tried to hold onto power despite protests over his familiy's corruption and the confusion over a general election.』
「Isolation from building steel except via computer system earthing conductors, conductor to computer systems central earthing point and to power source earth.」
「Ideal floor height for crawling access is 30 in . less than 18 in. restricts airfrow. For larger computer rooms, install firewall separation barriers to confine fire and Halon extinguishing gas.」
Organic chemistry deals with many compounds that are formed by a few elements, namely, carbon in sp, sp2, or sp3, hybridization states, along with H, O, N, S and the halogens, and less commonly B, Si, Se, P, Hg, and so on.The chemistry is mainly one of molecular compounds that are liquids or solids commonly soluble in nonpolar solvents, distillable, or crystallizable and normally stable to, though combustible in, air or oxygen.
The relationship between the absorption of light and the legth of the light path through the absorbing medium was first formulated by Bouguer(1729), although it is commonly attributed to Lambert. Let us subdivide an absorbing medium into imaginary layers, each of the same thickness. If a beam of monochromatic light (that is, light of a single wave length) passes through the medium, it is found that each layer diminishes the intensity of the light by the same fraction. Suppose,for example, that the first layer absorbed half of the light incident upon it. Then the second layer would absorb half the light incident upon it.Thus the light intensity emerging from the second layer would be only one-fourth that of the original intensity; from the third layer, one-eighth, etc. This relationship may be expressed mathematically and verbally as follows, where I represents the intensity of the light after passing through a layer of the medium bunits thick, and Io is the initial intensity:
Inorganic chemistry by contrast deals with many compounds formed by many elements.It involves the study of the chemistry of more than 100 elements that can form compounds as gases,liquids,or solids whose reactions may be ――― or may have to be ――― studied at very low or very high tempreratures. The compounds may form ionic,extended-covalent, or molecular crystals and their solubility may range from essentially zero in all solvents to high solubility in alkanes; they may react spontaneously and vigorously with water or air. Furthermore,while compounds in organic chemistry almost invariably follow the octet rule with a maximum coordination number and a maximum valence of 4 for all elements, inorganic compounds may have coordination numbers up to 14 with those of 4, 5, 6, and 8 being especially common, and valence numbers from −2 to +8. Finally, there are types of bonding in inorganic compounds that have no parallel in organic chemistry where σ and pπ-pπ multiple bonding normally prevail.
The name of a normal alkane is identical with its parent name. The roots and corresponding names of normal alkanes are listed in table 2-2. The name of the normal hydrocarbon derived from the longest chain of carbonatoms is the parent name upon which further nomenclature is based.
The primary prefix cyclo- is placed immediately before the parent name to designate that the structure is cyclic.
For example, a parent C6 ring alkane is named as a cyclohexane.
A secondary prefix is employed to designate the structure of side-chain groups attached to the parent chain. Hydrocarbon side-chain structures are named by using the appropriate root name with a -yl ending.
A CH3 group attached to the parent chain is designated as methyl; a CH2CH3 group as ethyl; and so on. Alkyl is the general term used for an attached hydrocarbon group.
prefix 接頭辞 Ch3 group メチル基 CH3CH2 group メチレン基 side-chain groups 側鎖基 cyclic 環式 C6 ring alkane C6環状アルカン
This is done by the use of adequately rated series tuned circuits consisting of a reactor and capacitor, which have equal impedance at a specific harmonic frequency. Several such tuned banks ( one for each harmonic frequency ) will be needed to totally divert all harmonics away from the system. However, for practical reasons, only a few of the lower order harmonics with larger magnitudes are filtered out, which is adequate to provide substantial reduction of harmonic content. Figure 8.41 show how a filter might remove the high-frequency components and how the wave shape might appear as the removal takes place. A full treatment of this subject is beyond the scope of this book.
Summary In this chapter, we have dealt with electrical noise in detail and the ways in which noise finds a path into sensitive signal circuits. We learnt the various methods by using shielding transformers, by eliminating earth loops and by using zero signal reference grounds and signal transport ground planes. We also briefly dealt with the generation of harmonics and how they can be filtered.
よろしくお願いします。 ※One World English Course New Edition 3のLesson5からです ↓ここから She's going to visit the family next week and see the letter that she put in a bottle 33 years ago.
Their improbable early-season success chalked up to an illusionary story-book tale and their midseason slide deemed more realistic, the New Orleans Saints suddenly are a novelty no longer.
お願いします。 I've wined and dined on mulligan stew. And never wished for turkey As I hitched and hiked and grifted too, from Maine to Albuquerque Alas I missed the Beaux Arts Ball. And what is twice as sad I've never been to a party where they honored Noel Ca-ad Social circles move too fast for me. My hobohemia is the place to be I get too hungry for dinner at eight. I like the theater but never come late. I never bother with people I hate. That's why the lady is a tramp I don't like crap games with barons and earls. Won't go to Harlem I ermine and pearls. Won't dish the dirt, with the rest of the girls That's why the lady is a tramp I like the free, fresh wind in my hair. Life without care I'm broke, it's oke Hate California, it's cold and it's damp That's why the lady is a tramp Girls get massages, they cry and they moan Tell slender Ella to leave me alone I'm not so hot, but my shape is my own That's why the lady is a tramp The food at the Kopensky is perfect, no doubt I couldn't tell you wha the Ritz is about Drop a nickle in, and coffee comes out That's why the lady is a tramp Like the sweet, fresh, rain in my face Diamonds and lace, no got, so what?! for Frank Sinatra, I whistle and stamp That's why the lady is a tramp She's a hobo She's a scamp She's a no-good kinda tramp That's why the lady is a tramp
The position of attachment of a side-chain group is indicated by numbering the parent chain from one end so as to give the atom to which the substituent is connected the lowest possible number. The number immediately precedes the name of the substituent group to which it applies. Note the convention that numbers are separated from words using a hyphen and words are written without a space between their parts.
Multiple side-chain groups are labeled with the appropriate Greek numercial prefix; i.e.,di- for two, tri- for three,etc.
When two or more different substituent groups are attached to the parent chain, the names of those groups are arranged alphabetically in the compound's name.
(The IUPAC rules are flexible on this point,since different languages may result in different alphabetical orders for the same groups.)
Let us now examine the naming of a series of hydrocarbons by following the IUPAC conventions. Consider the five hexane isomers,C6H14. Only one-the normal(straight-chain) isomer ――has the parent name derivedfrom all six carbon atoms.
Two of the isomers have a parent name derived from a longest continuous chainof five carbon atoms, i.e., a pentane. The sixth carbon atom (as a methyl group) must be connected to one carbon of the pentane structure. If the attachment is made at either end of the C5 chain, we will have hexane again. Remember that our two-dimensional formula determines the bonding sequence for atoms in the structure.It does not matter whether atoms are drawn in a straight line or a zigzag across the page.
The figures fall broadly into two clusters−those that are very high and many, like the eighty who died at Pydna, that are strikingly low. This distribution strongly suggests that Roman histrians tended to memorialize particularly heavy losses and to use low numbers to underscore that some victories were comparatively bloodness (at least for their side). The mortality rate for a typical victory therefore probably would have been a percentage lying roughly between the median and the mean of all recorded numbers of deaths in battle.
Catching the loosely-woven fabric on tiny irregularities in paper - a degraded brittle edge, or an existing tear ? inevitably leads to unintended damage made all the more frustrating by the knowledge that we handle similar objects with less effort bare handed.
We proposed a novel method for fast tracking of articulated structures within 3D sensor data. 我々は3次元センサデータ中の関節構造物を高速追跡するための新しい手法を提案した。
It builds upon concepts from the ICP rigid body registration algorithm, この手法は、剛体位置合わせを行なう ICP (iterative closest point) アルゴリズムの考え方に基づいているが、 but integrates an unscented Kalman filter in order to allow tracking of articulated structures. 関節構造物の追跡を可能にするために拡張カルマンフィルタを統合している。
The algorithm was applied to track the human upper body kinematically in 3D data that was acquired from four stereo cameras. このアルゴリズムを、4台のステレオカメラで得た3次元データにおける人間の上半身の運動学的追跡に適用した。
Tracking of an upper body model with 14 degrees of freedom was achieved with a frame rate of less than a second. 14自由度の上半身モデルの追跡が、1秒未満のフレームレートで達成された。
The correct track was maintained over challenging, several minute long sequences. やりがいのある、数分間の連続データにおいて、正しい追跡が維持された。
Tracking precision was evaluated by comparison against a ground truth trajectory obtained by manual labeling. 追跡精度を手作業のラベル付けによって得た真の基準軌道との比較によって評価した。
rigid body registration 剛体位置合わせ(この訳語はググって得た) unscented Kalman filter 拡張カルマンフィルタ(unscented が辞書になかったので同じくググって訳語を得た)
Voice activated relays have been known and utilized in the past by both amateur and professional radio operators to eliminate the need to operate a press-to-talk switch while transmitting.
Yet , samurai guidance , however talented, would have been frustrater if the common people had been incapable of following ; and the role of the latter in promoting economic modernization, though more difficult to trace in detail, should not be minimized.
Authors in Japan please note that information about how to have the English of your paper checked, corrected and improved (before submission) please contact our Tokyo office who will provide you with a list of language polishing services,
Many peoples of the world expect conflicts to be resolved by third parties. This reflects an emphasis on harmony and interdependence: the tendency to see individuals as located in a social network, in contrast to the American tendency to over-emphasize independence and see the individual as the fundamental human unit. To manage disputes ranging from quarrels between family members to conflicts between villages, cultures develop informal rules and formal proceedings, just as Americans have assumptions about fair fight as well as legal trials.
Both also show that radiation occurs not only near the feed point and ends of the antenna, but is distributed along its length, being associated with maxima of the current standing wave.
Results presented for antennas such as a bent-wire dipole, circular and square loops, and for a straight-wire scatterer demonstrated the effects on shape and excitation on the distributed radiation.
Hello Ryo ! I'm back ! I hope you're fine ! Listen this, this music make me happy ! It's from the band "I'am from Barcelona" ! What's new for me ? I have lost my job and my girlfriend left me ! Pretty hard, but life continues ! Can you send me your website adress, I have lost it when I have changed my computer ! See ya :)
>>786 (the objects produce か the object produces の間違いではないか、というのはさておき) whatever power the object produces でひとまとまりの名詞句(主語)です。 「どんなエネルギーであれ、その物体が作り出すエネルギーは」の意。
Metallic State in Cubic FeGe Beyond Its Quantum Phase Transition(題名)
We report on results of electrical resistivity and structural investigations on the cubic modification of FeGe under high pressure. The long-wavelength helical order is suppressed at a critical pressure Pc=19 GPa. The metallic ground state persisting at high pressure can be described by band-structure calculations if zero-point motion is included. The shortest FeGe interatomic distance display discontinuous changes in the pressure dependence close to the Tc(p) phase line.
Theme2 MEASUREMENTS Chemistry is a quantitative science. Chemists must be capable of making precise and reproducible measurement with devices or instruments designed for a particular task. Measurements should be reported in a common system of units and should reflect the quality of the data. Finally, problem solving is greatly facilitated by the use of demensional (or factor label) analysis.
Chemists must be capable of making precise and reproducible measurement with devices or instruments designed for a particular task. Measurements should be reported in a common system of units and should reflect the quality of the data. Finally, problem solving is greatly facilitated by the use of demensional (or factor label) analysis.
Key3 The International System of Units (or SI) provides a precisely defined set of seven base units from which all other units can be derived. Metric prefixes allow very large and very small values to be written conveniently. A metric prefix is a single letter (or symbol) preceding the abbreviated SI unit it modifies. For quick mathematical conversions, the metric orefix and its exponential value are interchangeable.
>>792 専門用語ばかりでした。すみません。 文法だけで構わないのでお願いします、 This notion is encouraged by the observation that for T>Tx as well as above Tc the nonphononic electrical resistivity is almost T independent, as expected for spin-disorder resistivity.
it seems reasonable that inferences about the power can be made from the boundary current and charge, as an alternative to evaluating the fields that these sources produce.
as以下がコンマで分けられていること these sources produceのよさそうな訳 について教えてください。
it is strictly defined in terms of its normal component integrated over a closed surface to establish the net power flow into, or out of, the enclosed volume, i.e., the integrated point-wise Poynting vector.
In any case, it is reasonable to ask what physical interpretation can be attached, if any, to the point-wise poynting vector at the surface of a PEC wire (where it should be noted in what follows that it is assumed that P=0)?
>>817 ask の前後を部分的に訳すと 「(もしあるとすれば)どんな物理的解釈が点毎ポインティングベクタに付与され得るかと問うことはリーズナブルである」 という感じだろうか。 be attached to the point-wise poynting vector に if any が挿入されてることに注意。
> where it should be noted in what follows that it is assumed that P=0
「ここで、後続部分においてP=0が仮定されていることが指摘されるべきである」
it should be noted that it is assumed that P=0 に in what follows が挿入されている。
最後の ? は what physical interpretation can be 〜 にかかっていると思うんだけど、 文法的には付加疑問文に疑問符は要らない。文法エラーかと。
In an experimental science, it is necessary to destinguish betwiin the precision and the accuracy of a measurement and to be able to report the result of calculations to reflect actual experimental conditions. 意味が分かりませんし、特にbetweenがかかっている場所がわかりません。 よろしくお願いします。
>>826 実験科学では以下の2つが必要: to distinguish between [the precision of a measurement] and [the accuracy of a measurement] 測定の精度と測定の正確さを区別すること。 to be able to report the result of calculations to reflect actual experimental conditions. 実際の実験条件を反映する計算結果を報告できること。
>>828 A change in the power [すなわち z±凛] will be revealed by the condition that 〜, and vice versa. という文章がベースにあると思われ。 エネルギーの変化 z±凛 は [that 〜 以下の] 条件によって明らかにされる。 逆に、その条件によってエネルギーの変化が明らかになるのである。
the helical order occurs below Tc=29K. The modulation has a wavelength of 175 A° and the ordered moments of about m=0.4μb (with μb the Bohr magneton) per Mn atom are perpendicular to the spiral propagation vector k
>>852 >>853 ありがとうございます。 また、すぐに質問なんですが Alternatively, the more interesting case is if PPV consists of inward- and outward- flowing Poynting-vector components that must be equal at a=r because of the boundary condition on the electric field.
Observe that these three components -要素- can cause a corresponding increase or decrease in the PPV, depending on whether there is a net power gain or loss by the wire at z.
これら3つの要素はそれらに対応するPPVの増減を引き起こす場合があるという感じで 訳しましたが、depending on 以下があまりよくわかりません
A trivially simple non-wire example of a cancellation of incident and radiated power is provided by infinite PEC plane, illuminated at normal incidence by a plane wave.
Consider a dipole antenna with two halves that open at right angles from a finite-length, two-wire transmission line, having a voltage generator connected across its far end, a case to be considered quantitatively below.
This involves the complete transfer of an electron from one atom to another. Ionic bonds from between strong electron donors and strong electron acceptors. お願いします
The motivation for the work described above has been to investigate the possible use of the on-surface, differentiated Poynting vector as a way of qualitatively - but preferably quantitatively - estimating the amount of power being radiated per unit length from long, PEC wires excited as antennas or as scatterers.
The motivation for the work described above has been to investigate the possible use of the on-surface, differentiated Poynting vector as a way of qualitatively - but preferably quantitatively - estimating the amount of power being radiated per unit length from long, PEC wires excited as antennas or as scatterers.
お願いします http://www.fermatsearch.org/particip.php#nohara I was born in 1969, live in Japan. I've been major in chemical. And My occupation is engineer of semiconductor process. Mathematics was rather poor but intersted in it.Above all, I was poor at English in my high school age and teacher scolded me sometimes. I've searched the dividors of Fermat number at larger 'n' with Proth.exe. Often use NewPGen.exe also. I found 8247.2^9324+1 divides F9322 independently in November 1999. But Kerchner found it 12 days earlier. This fact was noticed me from Wilfrid Keller's reply.
For wire antennas, the point-wise Poynting vector was found to be a monotonically decreasing function from the feed point, reflecting the fact that all of the power deposited on the wire at its feed point is radiated away along its length.
The presence of branched structures suggested that the 5' end of hexon mRNA may not be complementary to the adjacent region of DNA. Several alternate explanations remained to be eliminated by control experiments. The first involved the possibility that the branched structure was due to an unusually (A+T)-rich set of DNA sequences at this position which would be melted at the high formamide-high temperature spreading conditions employed. To eliminate this possibility,hybridization mixtures of hexon RNA and the purified denatured Hind fragment were diluted 70-fold into either 50% or 40% formamide solution and prepared for electron microscopy; these conditions melting of even highly (A+T)-rich complementary sequences should not be observed. However, hybrid structures still contained 5' and 3' tails at the same frequency as those scored at the higher formamide concentrations(histogram not shown).
thanks for your order. Unfortunately we only have 2 of these binders in stock but can order more and they would be here next week. If you could let me know as soon as possible if you would like us to order them for you we can do this as a matter of urgency. Thanks
Comparison of FARS and the differentiated Poynting vector results for a 10-wavelength dipole shows them to agree to within 10% relative to end peaks in the distribution of spatial radiation, except in the vicinity of the antenna's feed point.
Efforts have also been directed toward informing and educating elected officials and other policy makers to promote a better understanding of traffic and transportation engineering principles and practices. を訳してください。
Although no analytical proof has been found to validate FARS, the results it yields seem to be physically plausible, as well as agreeing with different, related analyses. For example, for standing-wave current distributions such as the SCF, where the time-averaged Poynting vector is zero, FARS agrees in an absolute sense - within 1% or so - with the distributed power determined from the IEMF Method.
938の者ですけど、 その前の文が In an exothermic process, heat is released to the surrounfings (exo, like exit, means that energy exits the system). となっています。 書き忘れてしまい申し訳ありません。
Chemical Reaction - A chemical reaction refers to any process in which at least one bond is either broken or formed. 化学反応-化学反応は、少なくとも、一つの結合が、壊される、又は形成されるどのような過程でも触れます。←全然分かりません
The outcome of a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms and bonding patterns. 化学反応の成果は、原子と結合模型の再整理である。
Laws of Thermodynamics 熱力学的法則
A)First Law of Thermodynamics-in any process,the sum of all energy changes must be zero. 熱力学的第一法則-どのような過程でも全てのエネルギー変換の合計は0でなければならない。
B)Second Law of Thermodynamics-Any system tends toward astate of greater stability-stability meaning randomness, disorder and probability. 熱力学的第二法則-どんな系も、安定(性)の大きい状態になる傾向にある。 安定性は無原則、乱雑、確率を意味する。
c)The Third Law of Thermodynamics-A perfect crystal which is a completely ordered system, at absolute zero (0^0 Kelvin)would have perfect order,and therefore its entropy would be zero. 熱力学的第三法則-完全に秩序化された、系のところの完全結晶は 絶対0度(0ケルビン)のもとで完璧な秩序を取るだろう、したがってそのエントロピーは0であるだろう。
This is because the time-averaged power flow along the two counter-propagating, equal-amplitude current waves that comprise a standing-wave current is zero.
という文章ですが
This is because the time-averaged power flow is zero. で
along以下がpower flowにかかる感じですか? そして、 the two counter-propagating が良く分からないので教えてください。
This is an expanded version of the guest lecture, given on May 2,2007, as a part of course differential equation of professor Hanako Yamada at the University of Tokyo.
FARS determines the contribution made to the total power flow at a given far-field observation point due to each incremental current length(or segment), si, on a PEC boundary or prescribed current.
primay structure-The primary structure of protein molecules is the number of polypeptide chains and the number,type,and sequence of amino acids in each. 一次構造-たんぱく質分子の1次構造は、多数のポリペプチド鎖と 各々の数、形式、そしてアミノ酸配列です。
お願いします。 『the number of』 を 『多数の』と訳していいのかと、 後半の部分のin eachを始めとした訳し方が特にわかりません
「この本では,空間に同じ境界を持つ二つの領域の体積について説明します.」 の英訳を教えてください.自分では足りない脳を使って 「In this book we explain the relation of volume two domain with same boundaries in a space.」 でいいでしょうか? 境界=boundary,領域=domainとしています. ちょっとスレ違いですがよろしくおねがいします.