They may even accuse them of disloyalty, or try to find fault with the friend's parents.
Such a loss of dignity and descent into childsh behavior on the part of the adults deeply shocks the adolescents, and makes them resolve that in future they will not talk to their parents about the places or people they visit.
Before very long the parents will be complaining that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything, but they seldom realize that they have caused this themselves.
Disappointment with the parents, however good and adequate they may be both as parents and individuals, cannot be helped ( ) some degree.
すみませんが訳お願いします。 (Jean Valjean almost finishes the meal)
Bishop:How was the meal, my son? Valjean:Food never tasted better. Bishop:Tell me more about yourself. Valjean:I was put into prison for stealing a loaf of bread because my sister's family didn't have enough to eat. They kept me there for nineteen years. Bishop:Nineteen years for stealing a loaf of bread! Valjean:In vain I tried to escape. They caught me and increased the sentence. When they finally let me out, they book the money I had earned. I left the prison only to discover that my sister's family had all died. Bishop:Do you have anywhere to stay tonight? If not, there is a bed in the next room. At first, Jean Valjean wondered suspiciously why this man was kind to him. He had never been welcomed by anyone before, but he finally accepted. Although the bed was soft and comfortable, sleep did not come peacefully to Jean Valjean. In a dream he had that night, he saw himself in the prison.
Parents are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friens and regard it as a strong disapproval of their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enough to let the adolescents see that they are anymore.
This custom seems strange to other people, but anthropologists believe thet there are reasons for it. First, cows are important because the farmers need them for work in their fields. Second, cow manure is used as a fertilizer on the fields. In india, many farmers do not have enough money to buy fertilizer. Third, cow manure can be dried and burned to make cooking fires. Therefore, farmers that kill their cows for meat soon find that they cannot work or fertilize their fields or make a cooking fire. Another example is that Americans do not eat dogs, although people from some other cultures regardthem as good food. In the United States, dogs are very important to people as pets. They are usually regarded as part of the family, almost like a child in some cases. In addition, dogs have value as protection against criminals. Thieves will not usually enter a house where there is a dog because the dog will bark and possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get into the house. probably, the dog's place in society as a companion and as a protection against criminals makes the dog taboo as food. The taboo against eating pork occurs in more than one culture. There is evidence that some ancient Egyptians did not eat pork. The ancient Israelites also regarded pork as taboo. One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked enough may spread a disease called trichinosis. However, most people no longer think that this is a good explanation for the pork taboo. Another explanation is that the Israelites were always moving from place to place. People have to stay in one place to raise pigs. The Israelites did not want to stay in one place and,as a result, they did not eat pigs.
“What shouldTdo?”“IfTwere you,Twould write a letter.” If he really tried to learn quickly,he could catch up with his classmates. If you don't take more care,you'll have an accident. Oh,T'm sorry. Twould have knocked on the door ifT'd known you were in here. Had it not been for your cooperation,we would not have reached our destination. TwishThadn't been busy yesterday;Tcould have helped you with your work. Don't worry about my job interview tomorrow. IfTshould fail,Twill try again. IfThave got up five minutes earlier this morning,Twould be at the station now. Without the greenhouse effect,the climate on the earth would be much colder.
Web sites are a great marketing tool for small business because they can effectively target your future customer's "hot button" needs while thoroughly communicating who you are and how you solve their problems.
Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislike are a result of the ways of the ways of life of defferent people. Some people live in areas where there are both large animals and many insects. It is difficult for these people to kill large animals, and it requires a lot of energy. It is easier for them to use insects for food because catching insects does not require a lot of energy. People who move around do not want to keep pigs for food. People do not eat pigs such as dogs. Americans eat a lot of beef because there is plenty of land for raising cows and theirmeat can be shipped cheaply for long distances by railroad.
>>26 文化人類学者は食べ物の好き嫌いのほとんどは、異なる人々の暮らし方の結果だと 信じている。 大型の動物と多くの昆虫の両方があるような地域に暮らす人々もいる。こういう人たちに とって大型の動物をころすのは、困難であるし、それ(をするに)は多くのエネルギーが 必要とされる。昆虫を捕まえるのにはそんなに多くのエネルギーを必要としないので、た 彼らにとって、昆虫を食べ物として使う方が簡単なのである。 移動しまわる人々(←定住しない人々のこと)は豚を食べ物のために飼いたがらない。 People do not eat pigs such as dogs. ←(何か抜けてませんか?) アメリカ人は牛をそだてるための土地がたくさんあり、牛肉は鉄道で長距離を簡単に輸送 できるので牛をたくさん食べる。
和訳お願いします。 At the Luncoln Memorial, together we had read the famous world from Luncoln's speech at Gettysburg. "...this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom..." The next morning, a teacher said, "Clifton, could I see you for a moment?" Frank turned pale. One of our water balloons had hit a lady and her dog the night before. "Clifton," the teacher began, "do you know about the Mason-Dixon line?" "No,"I said, wondering what this had to do with dropping water ballons. "Before the Civil War," the teacher explained, "the Mason-Dixon line was the line between Pennsylvania and Maryland―the line between the free and slave states. Today,the Mason-Dixon line is a kind of invisible border between the North and the Sonth. When you cross that invisible line into Maryland, things change. We are going to Glen Echo Park...It's in Maryland, and black people can't go in." "You mean I can't go to the park," I asked, "because I'm black?" She nodded slowly. "I'm sorry,Clifton," She said, taking my hand.
Voyager Reading Course Lesson8のPart.4です。 be excused from the tableは、失礼して退席すると訳すそうです。
かなり長いのですが何方かお願い致します。
Food proferences are parhaps the most familiar aspect of ethnocentrism. Every culture has developed preferences for certain kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negative attitudes toward others. It is interesting to note that much of this ethnocentrism is in our minds and not in our tongues, for something can taste good until we are told what it is. We have all heard stories about people who were given a meal pf snake or horse meat and said how nice is tasted --- but when they were told what they had just eaten, the turned green and hurriedly asked to be excused from the table.
>>31の続きです Certain food preferences seem natural to us. We usually do not know that they are natural only because we have grown up with them; they are quite likely to be unnatural to someone from a different culture. In Southeast Asia, for examole, the majority of adults do not drink milk. To many Westernes it is inconseivable that people in other parts of the world do not drink milk, since to people in the West it is a "basic" food. In some parts of China, dog meat is something especially good to eat; but the thought of eating a dog is enough to make most Westerners feel sick. Yet we can see how this is part of a cultual pattern. Many people in the West keep dogs as pets and tend to think of dogs as almost human. Therefore, they would not dream of eating dog meat. Horses, too, sometimes become pets, and horse meat is also rejected by most Westerners, although not because of its taste. They may have eaten it without knowing it, and they probably would not recognize if it someone didn't tell them what they were eating. On the other hand, Westerners generally do not feel affection for cows or pigs, and they eat their meat without any feeling of regret. but in india a cow receives in the West, and the attitude of Indians toward eating beef is similar to Westerners' feelings about eating dog meat. Food preferences, therefore, seem to be determined according to whether the animals in question are treated as special in a particular culture.
>>38 ふ〜ん。そうか。じゃあ、今度は「★マークつき」のを怪しいと思おうかなっと。 >>32 ある種の食べ物の好みは我々にとって当然(自然)のように思われる。 私たちは普通、それら(食べ物の好み)と一緒に育ってきたからというそれだけの理由で それらが自然とは分からないのだ;それらは他の文化からやって来た人 にとっては不自然だということも十分ありがちなのだから。例えば東南アジアでは、大人 の多数派が牛乳を飲まない。西洋の人々にとって牛乳は、基本的な食品であるために、 多くの西洋人にとっては、世界の他の地方の人々が牛乳を飲まないのは信じられないこと なのだ。中国のある地域では、犬の肉は特に食べるに適したものである;しかし、 犬を食べるという考えは、ほとんどの西洋人を気持ち悪くさせるのに十分である。 しかしながら、我々はいかに、これが文化の類型の一部であるかが分かるのである。 西洋の多くの人々は犬をペットとして飼っていて、犬をほとんど人間のように考える。 それゆえに、彼らは犬の肉を食べることを夢想だにしない。 馬もまた、ペットになることがあり、馬肉も、その味のためではなく、ほとんどの西洋人 からは拒絶される。彼らはそれと知らずに食べたことがあるかもしれないが、多分 if it someone didn't tell them what they were eating.【←何か抜けてないですか?】 一方で、西洋人たちは普通、牛や豚には愛着は感じないので、彼らは何の後悔の念なく それらの肉をたべるのである。しかしインドではbut in india a cow receives in the West 【←何か抜けてないですか?】そして、インド人たちの牛肉を食べることにたいする 態度は、西洋人の犬の肉を食べることに対する感情と似通っているのだ。 それゆえ、食べ物の好みは、問題となる動物がある特定の文化の中で、特別だと 扱われているか否かによって確定するのだ。
A cell phone transmits its message using a radio wave with a particular frequency. Each phone company is given a range of frequencies that it can use to carry its messages. For example, the first major cell phone company in the U.S. was given the frequency range of 824 megahertz to 894 megahertz. Each of the seven cells in a cluster uses one-seventh of the frequencies that have been allocated to the telephone company. Two cells in different clusters can use the same range of frequencies. To avoid interference between cells in nearby clusters that use the same frequencies, the base station and the phones in each cell use very low power transmitters that cover a very limited area. When you make a call, your cell phone sends a radio signal to connect to the base station of the cell you are in. Using a landline or satellite connection, this base station asks its switching center to search for the number being called. The switching center does this by using its landline or satellite connection with other switching centers. The base station in the cell where the number is found then connects you to the receiver's cell phone.
If you are moving while using your cell phone, the cell network monitors the strength of the signal from your phone. When you move from one cell to another, the strength of your signal to the new cell's base station is greater than to the original base station and the system automatically hands you over to the new cell. If you move to an area not covered by a cell, your phone won't work. Today we take cell phones for granted, but the growth in their use over the last two decades is one of the greatest breakthroughs in communication. In 1991 there were about one million cell phones in Japan. In 2003 there were 80 million. They have developed many functions other than just voice communication, and many people believe they will soon become remote control devices, small enough to wear on your wrist. Imagine programming your DVD recorder while you are away from home!
Two police officers knocked at the door the next afternoon, and the Bishop opened it. Jean Valjean stood between the officers. Officer A:Do you recognize this man? We caught him sneaking out of town this morning. Officer B:When we opened his bag, we found it packed with silver. Was he here last night? Bishop:He was. Officer B:You wouldn't be missing any silver, Bishop, would you? He said you gave him this silver. Bishop:Indeed I did. Officer A:What? But he is a criminal! Bishop:(To Jean Valjean)I'm very glad to see you again, my son. Officer B:I don't understand… Bishop:This man did stay here as my guest last night. I told him he could take whatever silver cutlery and candlesticks he wanted. But he forgot one silver candlestick. Ms Magloire, would you please bring the candlestick for our guest? (The Bishop gives him the candlestick. Jean Valjean stands silently.)
So strong was this split that it caused the formation of two distinct Democratic parties, not surprisingly called the Northern Democratic party and the Southern Democratic party.
@.Therefore the citizenry through their government step in with expenditure to supplement the real or money incomes of some individuals. Thus,government may provide hospital beds for citizens or needy with monthly allowances in times of unemployment or old age. Minimum standards of life are widespread modern goals.
A.Actually,most government expenditure is paid for out of taxes collected. It is here that an important element of coercion(これだけイタリック体) enters. It is true that the citizenry as a whole imposes the tax burden upon itself;also,each citizen is sharing in the collective benefits of govenment. But there is not the same close connection between benefits and tax payments as holds when the individual citizen puts a nickel into a gum machine or makes an ordinary purchase.
Until recently, the only way information could be obtained about how the brain works was from the examination of dead bodies. For example, we learned that the human brain is two to three pounds and is about the size of two fists. If you make a fist each hand and hold them next to each other, you can have a clear image of how large the human brain is. While these studies have been important in helping us understand the structure of the human brain, they have provided only limited information about the functions of a living human brain.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
Recent technological advances have made it possible for scientists to study living brains, learinig to discoveries that show some interesting things about the human brain. One type of technology, Positron Emission Tomography (PET), provides particularly useful information about how the brain works.
PET scan technology works by taking advantage of the brain's need for glucose. After receiving a minute injection of radioactive glucose (which is noninvasive and harmless), the person undergoing the PET scan is put in a large donut-shaped machine called a PET scanner, which is an imaging device. The PET scanner shows how much glucose is used in the brain as the person does certain mental tasks, such as looking at something, solving a problem, or simply listening. The part of the brain used for a given task requires the most glucose and has the most radioactive particles. These particles are read by the PET scanner and the information is entered into a computer. On a color computer screen, orange, yellow, and red indicate the most activity, and blue and green less activity. Thus, if a person in the PET scanner is looking at a photo, there would likely be increased activity in the occipital lobe - the lobe in the middle back of the brain responsible for vision. Through this technology, the PET scanner allows us to study a brain in action.
It was found in Germany that , if all plastic packaging in that country were taken away , twice as much energy would be used. While we try to protect the environment , let us take care to look beyond the " simple " rules that may do more harm than good.
We often talk about memory as if it were a one-step process, but memory is not just one process or a simple skill. Memory is a process with several key steps. First, there must be a sensory register for conscious and nonconscious stimuli. Second, working memory occurs, which usually lasts for only 5 to 20 seconds. Working memory is thought of as an active system for both storing and manipulating information during the execution of cognitive tasks such as comprehension and learning. Next, active processing and thinking must take place. Finally, information, including things we try hard to remember and others we just notice indirectly, can pass into long-term memory. Long-term memory is the memory system where information is stored more permanently. There is no single location for memories in the brain. The hippocampus has long been considered central to memory, but other parts of the brain are also involved in the making of memory, even the amygdala.
There are four different pathways through which we remember or recall things. Our ability to recall information often depends on which pathway we take, but each pathway is important in the overall processing of information.
One pathway is procedural, for repeated actions that become somewhat automatic. For example, each time you participate in an activity, a certain nunber of neurons (cells in the brain) are activated. When you repeat the action over and over again, the same neurons respond. The more times you repeat an action, the more efficient your brain becomes. Eventually, you need only begin an action for the rest to follow. This pathway is procedural memory.
Emotion is a hook that helps us remember events. if a teacher wants to help his/her students remember important information, the teacher needs to hook the information to a positive emotional episode in the classroom. If the teacher asked his/her students to recall an event from their early childhood related to school, the teacher's guess is that the event student would recall had some negative or positive emotional impact. These emotional triggers are attached to events in our lives and trigger episodic memory.
Semantic memory is the most frequently used memory pathway in the second or foreign language classroom. When a teacher asks students to learn new vocabulary words, memorize grammar rules, or perform other similar tasks with factual information, he/she calls on semantic memory.
Information keeps coming to us from our environment. All of our five senses are sometimes given a lot of information at the same time. In order ro handle such a large amount of information and not become too burdened, our brains have learnen to examine the information to decide what is and what is not important. The sensory receptors act like a sponge, and the conscious mind acts like a sieve. It takes less than a second for the brain to process most sensory information. What is dropped from sensory memory in this process is gone forever. Deciding what to keep and what to get rid of is an individual process.
Bootable CD-Roms with a small Linux rescue system in business card size or regular size live demonstration CDs are becoming popular recently. Also, some of the commercial Linux distributors as well as non-profit Open Source groups are developing self-running demos that are preconfigured for certain hardware, or contain a configuration frontend. Knoppix (Knopper's *nix) is an attempt to not only create a fully featured rescue/demo system on a single CD, but also to unburden the user from the task of hardware identification and configuration of drivers, devices and X11 for his or her specific hardware. The resulting product is supposed to be a platform CD with a stable GNU/Linux base system, that can be used to customize static installations for a specific purpose. どなたかよろしくお願いします。
@.The crisis of 1973-4 marked a clear transition point in the structure and nature of the Japanese economy. These changes were not induced by the oil shock alone,for many of the symptoms of transition were present before 1973.
A.It was only in 1984 that the economy returned to an annual growth rate of over 5 per cent (actually 5.1 per cent)(Ito,1992). As the economy recovered,the structure of industry changed.
B.This was a reflection,firstry,of increased energy prices. Materials industries were energy intensive and the rocketing oil prices had a severe impact upon their international price competitiveness.
C.These were economies in which wage levels were far lower than in Japan,and those Japanese industries that were labour intensive found themselves at an increasing disadvantage in world markets.
It often seems as though Japan enjoys playing the role of grandparent to the world: it gives lots of presents and kind words, but when the time for scolding or discipline comes, it sits back and lets other countries do the dirty work.
And no matter what you are eating it always seems small and slippery, even if it isn't. It makes a lot of practice before you are finally able to use chopsticks, and while you are learning, it is frustrating to see Japanese people use them so skillfully.
To be sure there are rules of grammar in language, Just as in music there are rules of harmony and counterpoint. But one can no more write good English than one can compose good music, merely by keeping rules.
In the 1950s the mood of Britain was gloomy. The country was still rebuilding itself after the Second World War. Industry had not fully recovered and luxury goods were in short supply. The United States was now the major power in the world, and the war had made Britain politically and economically weaker. おねがいします
the prevalence, among primitive peoples, of the practice of exposing or putting the aged or infirm to death does not show that they were destitute of filial devotion, any more than the existence of the custom of abortion shows the want of parental love among the people. They were forced to it by the dire necessity of hunger in time of famine, or compelled to it by the stern necessities of war, as the aged or infirm were felt to be not only a drain upon the scanty food supplies, but an embarrassment in time of war. they would have certainly honoured their old parents as they do now, did not the cruel necessity of the primitive struggle for existence force them to quench the natural instinct pity, and very often invent superstitious reasons for these barbarous practices in order to console their guilty conscience.
In the 1960s, however, there was a feeling of greater optimism. The economy was starting to recover and a new generation of politicians was replacing the wartime generation. Reforms in health care, welfare and education, introduced just after the war, meant that people were richer, better nourished and healthier. They also felt more confident about the future. よろしくお願いします
またジャンバルジャンなんですが、訳お願いします。 OfficerA:Are you really giving it to this man, Bishop? Bishop:Yes. Along with the silver cutlery he has with him. OfficerA:But what, Officer? OfficerB:This is a wicked criminal, sir. He spent nineteen years in prison. Bishop:And last night he had dinner with me and I gave him some presents. OfficerB:But…, why did you do that? Bishop:Because he needed them. (The two officers go away, complaining.) Bishop:Come inside the house, my son. Valjean:I will return the silver to you, sir, cutlery, candlesticks, everything. Here. Bishop:I gave them to you my son. Take them. They are yours. Valjean:Mine? I don't understand. Bishop:Mr Jean Valjean, it is not my habit to lie. Valjean:I don't know how to thank you… Bishop:Never forget, never ever forget the gratitude you feel now. Valjean:I won't forget. Bishop:Are you listening, Jean Valjean? Use this silver to become an honest man. Now go in peace, my son, and do not sin again. It was at this moment that Jean Valjean decided to start a new life.
My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here -- never stopped pressing me to do more for others.
A few days before my wedding, she hosted a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had written to Melinda.
My mother was very ill with cancer at the time, but she saw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of the letter she said: “From those to whom much is given, much is expected.”
When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given -- in talent, privilege, and opportunity -- there is almost no limit to what the world has a right to expect from us.
In line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates here to take on an issue -- a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a specialist on it.
If you make it the focus of your career, that would be phenomenal.
But you don’t have to do that to make an impact.
For a few hours every week, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them.
>>105 However, the crucial factor remains that use of cheap biomass resides for process heat and electricity production can be of overriding importance.
・the crucial factor(S) remains(V) that 〜 ・that 〜という決定的要素が残る この部分がS&V それからthat節以下は ・use of cheap biomass resides for process heat and electricity production(S’) ・can be (V’)
process は形容詞 この場合はたぶん、 1、製造工程で必要な/使用する 2、製造工程で(副産物として)生まれてくる のどっちかだと思う。
process の意味を1と取ると →けれども、製造工程で必要な熱や電気を生産するのに安価なバイオマスのカスを 使うことが最も重要でありうるという決定的要素が残る。みたいな
The above finding that good athletic ability goes along with higher status among teenagers has been found in many different cultures. Similar results have been reported from studies in England, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Japan, Switzerland, Ethiopia, and in Hopi Indian communities. Some researchers have suggested that the link between status and physical ability may in fact be similar to the way primates such as gorillas and monkeys decide status in their groups by fighting.
Similar results have been reported from studies in England, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Japan, Switzerland, Ethiopia, and in Hopi Indian communities. 似たような結果はイングランド、オーストラリア、カナダ、メキシコ、日本、スイス、エチオピア、そしてホピ族のインド人コミュニティにおいての研究でも報告されている。
Some researchers have suggested that the link between status and physical ability may in fact be similar to the way primates such as gorillas and monkeys decide status in their groups by fighting.
Well, these casinos rescued many reservations. The revenue they earned allowed them to build new roads, housing,schools,and hospitals,while generating many new jpbs and greatly improving life inside.(this is an oversimplification,but that's kind of how it went)
>>120 Well, these casinos rescued many reservations.
そう、これらのカジノはたくさんの予約を<すくった。>
The revenue they earned allowed them to build new roads, housing,schools,and hospitals,while generating many new jobs and greatly improving life inside.(this is an oversimplification,but that's kind of how it went)
>>123 なるべく不自然じゃない文になるように書いたから、ちと意訳が入ってる。allowed them to bildのとことか。そのまま訳すと変だから。もし直訳で良いなら訂正版↓ The revenue they earned allowed them to build new roads, housing,schools,and hospitals,
The losses are difficult to evaluate. However, the loss of tropical forests would have very far-reaching effects both on the countries concerned and on the whole world. The loss to science of animal and plant species in the tropics would be far greater than in temperate regions because of the far greater numbers of species involved. Scientific study of all the innumerable plants and animals in the jungles is still very incomplete and there is much work to be done. There are even more important reasons for some countries to preserve their forests. Trees take in a great deal of water through their roots and release this by transpiration back into the air. This helps to keep the air moist. When forests are removed the air becomes drier, less moisture is available to fall as rain and therefore agriculture suffers. Many savanna regions of the world are being turned into deserts, largely because trees are removed for firewood, or by animals that feed on the grass, and the savanna vegetation cannot survive. It is replaced by desert conditions of no rainfall and almost no vegetation. Large-scale removal of jungles could have the same effect, and thus it is very important that forests should be preserved.
I set out to learn how people live in the village next door to the university campus. There was a lot of poverty there. I wanted to find out whether there was anything I could do to help. One day I met a woman who was making beautiful bamboo stools. I found out that she was making money equal to two U.S. pennies every day by making stools. I couldn't accept that. Why should anyone make so little for such a beautiful skill? She didn't have the money to buy the bamboo that goes into the bamboo stool. So she had to borrow from a trader. He set a condition that she had to sell the product to him alone, at the price that he decided. How much did the bamboo cost? About 20 cents. I was astonished, and began debating with myself whether or not to give her 20 cents. I came up with an idea to make a list of people who needed that kind of money. I took a student of mine and went around the village several days, and came out with a list of 42 people. When I added up the total amount needed, I got the biggest shock of my life. It added up to only 27 dollars!
I felt terrible about being part of a society that couldn't provide 27 dollars to 42 hardworking skilled people. To escape that feeling I took the money out of my pocket and handed it tomy assistant, saying, "You gice this money to those 42 people that we met, and tell them that this is a loan and that they can pay me back whenever they are able to." therefore, they can sell their product at whatever price they want. After receiving the money, the people got very excited. Such a thing had never happened before! Seeing that excitement made me think: what do I do now? Should I go on giving this money, or make some arrangements so they can find this money whatever they need it? I thought of the bank near the university campus. I went to the manager and suggested that he lend money to the poor people in the village that I met. He nearly fell out of his chair. "You are crazy. It's impossible. How can you lend money to the poot people? They are not creditworthy."
Finally, I offered myself as a guarantor. The bank gives me the money and I take the money and give it to the people I want to give to. The bankers warned me repeatedly that the poor people who received the money would never pay me back. "I'll take a chance." The surprising thing was, the people who got the loans were paying eyery penny back. Every penny of the money was returned. I got very excited, andwent to the bank manager, and said, "Look, they pay the money back. there's no problem. Why shouldn't you give?" he said, "No, they're just fooling you. Soon they'll take more money and never give it back." The bank manager and his colleagues were trained to believe that poor people were not creditworthy. Luckily, I was not trained that way. I could believe what I was seeing. So finally I thought, "I believe completely that poor people can take money and pay it back. Why don't I set up a separate bank?" I wrote down a plan and went to the government to get the permission to set up a bank. On October 2, 1983, we became a bank called Grameen Bank. Today we work in 36,000 villages in Bangladesh. We make loans to 2.1 million borrowers.
和訳できなくて困ってます。 もしよければ和訳おねがいします。 Lesson10 Nouveau Japanese Cuisine in New York
1 Overseas, particularly in the United States, Japanese restaurant began to become popular around the time of the Los Angeles Olympics in the early 1980s, and then spread far and wide at the same time as Americans became more conscious about their health. Taking New York City as a case, I’d like to examine the causes and some of the characteristics of the trend. First is the specialization of restaurants. In New York, the last ten years have seen a sharp increase in specialized restaurants ~ from shops serving only ramen to restaurants specializing in shabu-shabu, soba, sushi, or home-style cooking, to well-known Japanese restaurants specializing in full-course cuisine.
2 Second, Japanese cuisine has now earned its American citizenships. Not so very long ago, it was believed that Americans didn’t like ramen because the soup was too hot. But when the local media reported on ramen shops and the good business they were doing among Japanese, Americans started coming for ramen in large numbers. The third element in this trend is that it has become easier to find local shops selling ingredients used in Japanese cooking. In the past, ingredients for authentic Japanese cooking had to be imported from Japan and prices were very high. Today, tasty California rice, for example, can be bought at a low price and in large amounts.
3 Fourth, the chefs and serving staff are no longer necessarily Japanese. Because of the visa hassles and high pay demands of chefs brought over from Japan, restaurants have begun making an effort to hire and train staff in the United States. Many of them come from Central and South America, and we are now beginning to see Japanese cuisine spreading even more when these people take what they have learned at restaurants in the United States and return home to open Japanese restaurant in their own countries. Fifth is the emergence of nouveau Japanese cuisine suggesting the potential that Japanese food holds on the international stage. Restaurant chef and owner Nobuyuki Matsuhisa, “Nobusan,” who first made a name for himself with “Matsuhisa,” in Beverly Hills, has now gone in with a group including Robert De Niro to open “Nobu” in New York. He has practiced his art in Japanese restaurant s as far away as Peru, Argentina, and Alaska, where he used local spices to cook Japanese food. He says, “So long as you keep your feet firmly planted in the techniques of Japanese cooking, it’s possible to create new Japanese dishes anywhere in the world.”
4 Turning now to the situation within Japan itself, few Japanese know anything about Nobu-san, and for the same reason few seem to have any interest in bringing back into Japan an internationalized Japanese cuisine. It seems safe to say that behind the traditions of Japan’s “culture of taste,” there lies a strong culinary nationalism. Suppose, though, that an “internationalized Japanese cuisine” like that created by Nobu- san were to take on the cool image of a fashionable American brand. It’s possible that an internationalized Japanese cuisine could then be accepted in Japan in the manner of a new fashion. It would be the day when an internationalized Japanese cuisine finally earns Japanese citizenship.
Lesson 11 The Study of Our Brain 1 Until recently, the only way information could be obtained about how the brain works was from the examination of dead bodies. For example, we learned that the human brain is two to three pounds and is about the size of two fists. If you make a fish with each hand and hold them next to each other, you can have a clear image of how large the human brain is. While these studies have been important in helping us understand the structure of the human brain, they have provided only limited information about the functions of a living human brain.
Positron Emission Tomography(PET) Scan
Recent technological advances have made it possible for scientists to study living brains, leading to discoveries that show some interesting things about the human brain. One type of technology, Positron Emission Tomography(PET), provides particularly useful information about how the brain works.
よろしいお願いします Because the United States has long had a "progressive" income tax system, in which tax obligations are distributed according to ability to pay, widening income inequality was reflected in a redistribution of tax burdens.
In the booming 1990s, the rich did indeed get richer, but they also paid an increasing fraction of the total federal tax take. (Source: Internal Revenue Service data, Tax Foundation.)
2 PET scan technology works by taking advantage of the brain’s need for glucose. After receiving a minute injection of radioactive glucose(which is noninvasive and harmless), the person undergoing the PET scan is put in a large donut- shaped machine called a PET scanner, which is an imaging device.The PET scanner shows how much glucose is used in the brain as the person dose certain mental tasks, such as looking at something, solving a problem, or simply listening. The part of the brain used for a given task requires the most glucose and has the most radioactive particles. These particles are read by the PET scanner and the information is entered into a computer. On a color computer screen, orange, yellow, and red indicate the most activity, and blue and green less activity. Thus, if a person in the PET scanner is looking at a photo, there would likely be increased activity in the occipital lobe ~the lobe in the middle back of the brain responsible for vision. Through this technology, the PET scanner allowsus to study a brain in action.
We often talk about memory as if it were a one-step process, but memory is not just one process or a simple skill. Memory is a process with several key steps. First, there must be a sensory register for conscious and nonconscious stimuli. Second, working memory occurs, which usually lasts for only 5 to 20 seconds. Working memory is thought of as an active system for both storing and manipulating information during the execution of cognitive tasks such as comprehension and learning. Next, active processing and thinking must take place. Finally, information, including things we try hard to remember and others we just notice indirectly, can pass into long-term memory. Long-term memory is the memory system where information is stored more permanently. There is no single location for memories in the brain. The hippocampus has long been considered central to memory, but other parts of the brain are also involved in the making of memory, even the amygdale.
There are four different pathways through which we remember or recall things. Our ability to recall information often depends on which pathway we take, but each pathway is important in the overall processing of information. One pathway is procedural, for repeated actions that become somewhat automatic. For example, each time you participate in an activity, a certain number of neurons(cells in the brain) are activated. When you repeat the action over and over again, the same neurons respond. The more times you repeat an action, the more efficient your brain becomes. Eventually, you need only begin an action for the rest to follow. This pathway is procedural memory. Emotion is a hook that helps us remember events. If a teacher wants to help his/her students remember important information, the teacher needs to hook the information to a positive emotional episode in the classroom. If the teacher asked his/her students to recall an event from their early childhood related to school, the teacher’s guess is that the event the student would recall had some negative or positive emotional impact.
These emotional triggers are attached to events in our lives and trigger episodic memory. Semantic memory is the most frequently used memory pathway in the second or foreign language classroom. When a teacher asks students to learn new vocabulary words, memorize grammar rules, or perform other similar tasks with factual information, he/she calls on semantic memory. Information keeps coming to us from our environment. All of our five senses are sometimes given a lot of information at the same time. In order to handle such a large amount of information and not become too burdened, our brains have learned to examine the information to decide what is and what is not important. The sensory receptors act like a sponge, and the conscious mind acts like a sieve. It takes less than a second for the brain to process most sensory information. What is dropped from sensory memory in this process is gone forever. Deciding what to keep and what to get rid of is an individual process.
この文はちょっと特殊な形というだけです。 この文章みたいに比較級?を二個含んだ、というか、比較級のある2つの文を一つにまとめる時は、 その比較級の頭にtheが付いて、文頭に出てきます。 簡単な文で言うと、 If it is cheaper, it is better. この文はThe cheaper it is, the better it is.となります。 Be動詞は基本的に省略されますが。 この文は簡単すぎるんで、The cheaper, the better. という風にさらに省略されますが。
だから今回の文も The higher the lesion on the individual's spinal cord (is), the greater the decrease in emotionality following injury (will be). という風にBe動詞が省略されているだけで、この型に当てはまります。
ちなみにBe動詞じゃなくても基本は一緒です。 The higher you fly, the more beautiful the sky will look. この例だと、元の文は When you fly higher, the sky will look more beautiful. となるわけです。
We noticed many good things happen in the familly in which the woman is the borrower instead of the man. So we focused more and more on women. Today our borrowers are 94 percent women. Often, when a Bangladeshi woman receives the first loan from Grameen Bank, she trembles. What a treasure! Tears roll down. Then she promises herself never to disappoint those who trusted her with such an enormous amount of money. She proceeds to work very hard to make sure she pays every penny of it - and she does. By the time she finishes her loan, she's a completely different person. She can do things, she can take care of herself and her family. Poverty is not created by the poor people. Poverty is created by the institutions that we have built around us. I think it's necessary that all societies protect the dignity of every member of that society. I wait for the day when our children and grandchildren will go to museums to see what poverty was like. We can make that happen. Let's do it.
>>157 訳さなくて申し訳ないけど、なんかさらっと読む限り風俗に売られる女性たちを思い出します。 94% womenって... お金を使うために借りる人に貸しても... お金を作るためじゃないと... By the time she finishes her loan, she's a completely different person. I mean あほか。Yeah sif borrowing money makes you a better person. Oups I didnt mean to crap on better go to bed now
Given that language is a social phenomenon, it should not be surprising that language norms also exist, that is, shared attitudes about what language form use in a particular situation.
Language norms can cover topics such as what form of address to use in a particular context (e.g. formal vs. informal), how politeness is express is expressed, what topics are considered taboo, how many people may talk at the same time in a conversation, how much you should talk in your "turn" in a conversation, how and when to end a conversation, and so on.
While language norms may be unwritten, they constitute an integral part of the language and so are important for speakers to know if they want to be able to function as accepted members of the culture.
神様お願い致します. What caused the widening income gap? Some critics pointed to the tax and fiscal policies of the reagan and Bush years, which favored the wealthy and penalized the poor. But deeper-running historical currents probably played a more powerful role, as suggested by the similar experiences of other industrialized societies.
↑の続きです。 Among the most conspicuous causes were intensifying global economic competition; the shrinkage in high paying manufacturing jobs for semiskilled and unskilled workers; the greater economic rewards commanded by educated workers in high-tech industries; the decline of unions; the growth of part-time and temporary work; the rising tide of relatively low skill immigrants; and the increasing tendency of educated men and women to marry one another and both work, creating households with very high incomes.
ここに書き込むのは初めてですが、 VividUEnglish Course New EDITIONのLesson 2の和訳をお願いします。 すみません。
[Part1] One day, after the cello class, I went to a nearby park. I heard someone shout as I was walking and looked back. It was a girl who had recently joined my class. "Wait,"she said. When she came up to me, she said. "The way you played the cello, it sounded like a barking dog." Nobody had ever told me anything like that before, but I didn't feel bad. The girl and I started to play in the park. She played the cello much better than I did. She seemed to play passionately but with a feeling of anger. She began to play many different sounds. "Listen. This is the song of a bird. This is the wind. This is the murmur of a stream. "My Flora sang this way." I asked her who Flora was but she did not ansewr. I asked her where she had lived. I wondered if she would tell me. "Kobe."Her voice was so soft and weak that I could hardly hear the word. We left the park and saw something strange down the street. A group of cellists were walking in the same direction. We followed them and went into a big building. There were many people there-more than one hundred altogether.
This survey is directed-among other matters-against the apologetic effect of the tendency of interpretations that once more blame Hitler alone for the Holocaust-thereby exonerating the older power elites and the Army,the executive bureaucracy,and the judiciary and the silent majority who knew.
>>177 他にもいろいろなる中でこの調査は、今一度ホロコーストに関してヒトラーだけを非難する ことで旧権力階級や陸軍、執行部の官僚、裁判官、見てみぬふりをした大多数の罪を晴らそ うとする、いくつかの解釈が持つ傾向の弁解がましい効果に向けられている。 the tendency of interpretations 何のことかちょっと;
Everywhere we turn we see the human hand , and very little sign that it is about to withdraw. We may someday get greenhouse gases under control, but that does not mean we will ever return to the carefree and innocent days before such problems arose. Environmental protection becomes not merely a matter of repairing damage and leaving nature alone , but of deliberately managing ecosystems. All this means that the human species is becoming increasingly responsible for the world.
In its most basic sense the craniosacral system functions as a semi-closed hydraulic system. This system bathes the brain and spinal cord and their component cells in cerebrospinal fluid pumped rhythmically at a rate of 6 to 12 cycles per minute. To accommodate these pressure changes, the bones of the cranium and sacrum must retain somewhat mobile throughout life. The joints and their sutures do not fully ossify as was once believed. William Southerland, D.O., introduced this premise in the 1930s. In the mid-1970s, Michigan State University(MSU) asked me to uncover a scientific basis for Dr. Southerland's belief. From 1975 through 1983, I was Professor of Biomechanics at MSU's College of Osteopathic Medicine, where I led a team. This team was consisted of anatomists, physiologists, biophysicists, and bioengineers to test the influence of the craniosacral system on the body. Together we conducted research-much of it published-that formed the basis for the modality I went on to develop and name CranioSacral Therapy, or CST. We discovered that corresponding changes occur in dura mater membrane tensions as cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure rise and fall within the craniosacral system. These changes in turn induce accommodative movements in the bones that attach to the dura mater compartment. When the natural mobility of the dura mater or any of its attached bones is impaired, the function of the craniosacral system and the central nervous system enclosed may be impaired as well.
This is particularly important as many partients find osteoporosis therapy inconvenient which may help to explain why up to two‐thirds of patients stop taking their treatment within a year、 続きます。
For over half a century, nobody seems to have been able to find a way out of this position. If Article 9 is changed significantly or completely removed from the constitution, many of Japan's neighbors in eastern Asia will complain bitterly that this country is returning to the aggression of the first half of the twentieth century. However, keeping Article 9 and abolishing the Self-Defense Force would make Japan completely dependent on the U. S. for its protection in the event of an attack by, say, North Korea. So far the easiest thing to do has been to look the other way and pretend the issue doesn't exist.
I do the films also not money pay back,then I spent out all my money to made the films, let people enjoy more Life & Fun ...I use other people a bit music /song to creat my Arts of Films, if it is made more thing are beautful in this world ...why not ? I use a menage handycam made a Films ( SO MASTER TRAVEL & FOOD CUILTURE FILMS) ,are better than any the most (TV Station) in this years ! I just let people living in this sad earth ...have more FUN ! IS IT RIGHT OR WRONG? !MY FRIENDS
This chapter and the following one together comprise a set because both deal with advances in medical technology and the issues raised by those advances. In fact, medical science has progressed so much in the last few decades that we could probably fill an entire textbook just with such matters of bioethics. However, we'll limit ourselves to two: surrogate motherhood and doctor-assisted suicide. They're more or less opposites: surrogate motherhood is a way for doctors to bring a new life into the world, whereas doctor-assisted suicide is a way for them to help somebody leave this world.
An estimated 10-15% of married couples are unable to have a baby through natural means. In other developed countries, it's common for such couples to adopt a baby whose biological parents can't raise it or don't want to raise it. Adoption can be difficult; often couples have to wait for years for the chance to adopt. What's more, when a child is adopted, the new parents usually don't know much about its genetic background, which of course plays a large part in how the child will grow into an adult. Probably for this second reason, adoption has never been terribly popular in Japan.
eczepce ze z besy ek enpzrzczl, theeretzczl, zps przctzczl kpehleste zbeet the pzterzl herls, preseces by z tlebzl cennepzty ek reeezrchere nzkzpt eee ek eczeptzkzc nethese, hhzch enpyzezze the ebeervztzep, experzneptztzep zps explzpztzep ek rezl herls phepenepz. tzvep the sezl etztee ek eczepce ze ebjectzve kpehleste zps ze z henzp cepetrect, tees hzeterzetrzphy ek eczepce srzhe ep the hzeterzczl nethese ek beth zptellectezl hzetery zps eeczzl hzetery.
Trzczpt the exzct erztzpe ek neserp eczepce ze peeezble threeth the nzpy znpertzpt texte hhzch yzve eervzves kren the clzeezczl herls. Hehever, the hers eczeptzet ze relztzvely recept?kzret cezpes by hzllzzn hhehell zp the 19th ceptery. Prevzeeely, peeple zpveetztztzpt pztere czlles theneelvee pzterzl phzleeephere.
hhzle enpzrzczl zpveetztztzepe ek the pzterzl herls yzve beep seecrzbes ezpce zpczept treece (ker exznple, by Tyzlee, zrzetetle, zps ethere), zps eczeptzkzc nethese yzve beep enpleyes ezpce the nzssle ztee (ker exznple, by zbp zl-yzytyzn, zb? Rzyh?p zl-B?r?p? zps Reter Bzcep), the szhp ek neserp eczepce ze teperzlly trzces bzck te the ezrly neserp perzes, serzpt hyzt ze kpehp ze the eczeptzkzc Reveletzep tyzt teek plzce zp 16th zps 17th ceptery Eerepe.
eczeptzkzc nethese zre cepezseres te be ee kepszneptzl te neserp eczepce tyzt eene ? eepeczzlly phzleeephere ek eczepce zps przctzczpt eczeptzete ? cepezser ezrlzer zpqezrzee zpte pztere te be pre-eczeptzkzc. Trzsztzepzlly, hzeterzzpe ek eczepce yzve sekzpes eczepce eekkzczeptly brezsly te zpclese theee zpqezrzee.
A recent study classified the different strategies that people use to improve their negative emotions as either cognitive or behavioral and as either diversion or engagement tactics.
I was not oppressed by the university, but the teashop, acting as if it were one of the older and more respectable departments, was a different matter. Here was culture, not in any sense I knew, but in a special sense: the outward and emphatically visible sign of a special kind of people, cultivated people. They were not, the great majority of them, particularly learned; they practiced few arts; but they had it, and they showed you they had it. They are still there, I suppose, still showing it, though even they must be hearing rude noises from outside, from a few scholars and writers the call―how comforting a label is!―angry young men. As a matter of fact there is no need to be rude. It is simply that if that is culture, we don’t want it; we have seen other people living. But of course it is not culture, and those of my colleagues who, hating the teashop, make culture, on its account, a dirty word, are mistaken. If the people in the teashop go on insisting that culture is their trivial differences of behavior, their trivial variations of speech habit, we cannot stop them, but we can ignore them. There are not that important, to take culture from where it belongs.
The other day I was eating alone at a sushi shop (kaiten zushi). A very nice man sitting next to me started a conversation by praising my ability to use chopsticks. We quickly moved on to the next topic, but I was reminded of a very hot discussion that came up on one of the mailing lists I was a member of. It was about chopsticks, and for many Westerners in Japan, that hates compliment. Now why do some foreigners get to so upset when Japanese people tell them they use Chopsticks well? I discovered several answers to this question as I followed the chopsticks debate on my mailing lists.
Perhaps the main reason is that for anyone who has lived in Japan for a while, say, more than a year, using chopsticks is no problem. There’s noting hard about it, so it seems strange to be complimented on what anyone could do with a little practice. One person even wrote that being complimented on the ability to use chopsticks is like being complimented on the ability to walk. And that’s why some people feel insulted by it. There’s probably a cultural gap here. For Japanese, there is clearly a wrong way and a right way to use chopsticks, and I often hear the complaint that even young Japanese people don’t know the right way. That’s probably why many Japanese, with their high standards, don’t see using chopsticks as so simple. On the other hand, most Westerners who live in Japan use chopsticks with ease every day and don’t really think about whether they’re doing it right or wrong.
The second reason is a more psychological one. For some Westerners, the comment “Oh, you use chopsticks so well!” means this: “We’re Japanese and you’re not, so no one expects you to be able to use chopsticks.” In other words, a compliment such as this makes a lot of foreigners feel like outsiders, but in fact, they really just want to be thought of like everyone else at the table. This may be an example of taking things too seriously. Nevertheless, a lot of foreigners who have made their home in Japan are quite sensitive about being seen as outsiders. I myself have had both of these feelings at one time or another on hearing this compliment. But I found a new way of looking at the whole thing through the mailing list. One person wrote that this compliment is just a social ritual. It doesn’t mean anything really; rather, for a lot of Japanese, it’s just a way to break the ice and start a conversation, a kind of aisatsu. This seems right to me now. And it’s clear that’s truly what was going on the other day at the kaiten zushi shop. The chopsticks compliment was just a simple greeting for starting a conversation.
To be honest, I’d much rather use chopsticks than a knife and fork. The reason? Well, I grew up eating American style, but most Japanese eat European style. There’s a big difference in the way the knife and fork are used, and some people would say that the European style is better. Here’s what happens when I go out for a dinner party in Japan, for example to a French restaurant. I not only wonder which fork to use, but I also switch my fork back and forth between hands as I cut the meat. It sounds stupid, I know, but I always feel awkward in these situations. Give me an izakaya and nice, simple chopsticks any day!
The Nebular Theory Our solar system consists of the sun and all the bodies that orbit it: the planets with their moons; and smaller bodies such as comets and meteors. How was the solar system formed? Any theory about its formation must explain how all these individual bodies were formed, and must account for their size, location and composition. It must also explain why all the planets orbit the sun in the same direction and in roughly the same plane. Most scientists believe in the nebular theory, which says that the solar system was formed from a nebula−a rotating cloud of gas and dust with a diameter 100 times today's distance between the Earth and the sun. About five billion years ago, some kind of disturbance, possibly the shock wave from a nearby exploding star, caused a lot of material in this nebula to move toward its center. Gravity then caused the nebula to contract further and as it contracted, gravity and other forces (caused by gas pressure, magnetic fields and rotation) flattened nebula into a spinning pancake shape with a bulge at the center−a "protostar," or the beginnings of a star. As this protostar contracted, an increase in pressure at the center caused it to become hotter. After about 100 million years it became hot enough to produce fusion reactions between hydrogen atoms, and our sun was born. These fusion reactions produce all the energy that radiates from the sun into space.
I'm sorry you're feeling under the weather. The rainy season always makes me more susceptible to colds and the flu bug, too. Just be sure you get plenty of rest, drink lots of fluids, and follow your doctor's (and your wife's!) orders.
Although so far so good, one thing that worries me while I'm here is that I could fall ill or be injured in an accident and have to seek out medical care. That could prove disastrous financially since, being here only temporarily, I have no health insurance and would have to pay for everything myself. Or I might even be turned down for treatment just because I am uninsured, which happens quite frequently here.
Of course, I'm not alone. Some 50 million Americans, including nine million children, have no health insurance. At the same time, health care costs are increasing dramatically, climbing 7% a year. So not only do many families not get the adequate and timely health care they need, many are also seriously in debt because of medical expenditures. Already, the medical care problem is shaping up to be one of major issues of the upcoming presidential election.
By the way, you've heard of Michael Moore, haven't you? He's the film-maker who made Fabrenbeit 9/11, the award-winning, antiwar documentary about the road to war in Iraq. Well, now he's turned his attention to health care. His latest film, called Sicko, which is being released in the U.S. this month, savages the American health insurance system, and was a big hit at the Cannes Film Festival. Let's hope the movie will have some impact on America's lawmakers. It's about time we had our own universal health care system like those in Canada, Japan, France, and Great Britain. It's a shame―literally―that we don't. Anyway, I hope you're back on your feet soon.
I give myself three wishes, one for each of the swans I have just been watching on the lake. I ask for things that are part of the ethos of our working-class movement. I ask that we may be strong and human enough to realize them. And I ask, naturally, in my own fields of interest. I wish, first, that we should recognize that education is ordinary: that it is, before everything else, the process of giving to the ordinary members of society its full common meanings, and the skills that will enable them to amend these meaning, in the light of their personal and common experience. If we start from that, we can get rid of the remaining restrictions, and make the necessary changes. I do not mean only money restrictions, though these, of course, are ridiculous and must go. I mean also restrictions in the mind: the insistence, for example that there is a hard maximum number.―a fraction of the population as a whole―capable of really profiting by the university education, or a grammar school education, or by any full course of liberal studies.
>>233の続きです。 We are told that this is not a question of what we might personally prefer, but of the hard cold facts of human intelligence, as shown by biology and psychology. But let us be the frank about this: biology and psychology different in the USA and USSR (each committed to expansion, and not to any class rigidities), where larger numbers, much larger fractions, pass through comparable stages of education? Or were the English merely behind in the queue for intelligence? I believe, myself, that our educational system, with its golden fractions, is too like our social system―a top layer of leaders, a middle layer of supervisors, a large bottom layer of operatives―to be coincidence. I cannot accept that education is training for jobs, or for making useful citizens (that is, fitting into this system). It is a society’s confirmation of its common meanings, and of the human skills for their amendment. Jobs follow from this confirmation: the purpose, and then the working skill. We are moving into an economy where we shall need many more highly trained specialists. For this precise reason, I ask for a common education that will give our society its cohesion, and prevent it disintegrating into a series of specialist departments, the nation become a firm. よろしくお願いします。
Two days ago here in Brazil, we were shocked when we spent some time with some children living on the streets. One boy told us:"If I were rich, I would give all the street children food, clothes, medicine, shelter, and love." If a child on the street who has nothing is willing to share, why are we who have everything still so greedy? I can't stop thinking that these children are my age, and that it makes a big difference where you are born. I could be one of those children living in the favellas of Rio or a child starving in Somalia or a victim of war in the Middle East. I'm only a child, yet I know if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding answers to environmental problems, what a wonderful place this earth would be! You adults teach us how to behave in the world. You teach us:not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, not to hurt other creatures, to share--not to be greedy Well, what you do makes me cry at night. You say you love us. I challenge you;please make your actions reflect your words. Thank you for listening. (adapted from Severn Suzuki's speech, June 1992)
After Severn's six-minute speech, the world leaders there stood up and applauded. Her speech must have moved them a lot. Some of them were in tears. The young girl's words created amiracle. In herb speech Rio, Severn asked adults for a change of action. Since then she has been doing a variety of activities for the environment, including givinglectures in many parts of the world. There she encourages people to realize that they can change the world. She sugests taking some small steps in your everybady life- getting out into nature or just going to parks, and thinking about why nature is important. She now appeals to all generations- to take some action for this planet as a member of the global family and make it our home again.
While the sun was forming, lighter elements such as hydrogen and helium moved away from the cloud's center. Heavier elements and compounds such as iron and silicates concentrated closer to the center of the cloud. These came together to from the four small rocky planets close to the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The lighter elements came together to form the massive gaseous planets farther from the sun: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The planets took only a few million years to form. They orbit the sun in the same plane and in the same direction as the spinning nebula from which they were formed. Astronomers have observed a number of nebulae in other parts of our galaxy and believe they are developing into systems of stars and planets just like our solar system. The nebular theory cannot explain why Pluto's orbit is tilted to the plane of the other planets. Some astronomers believe it was not formed in our original solar system but was "captured" by it−drawn in by the sun's gravity. Astronomers now say Pluto is not a true planet. Like Xena, a recently discovered body even farther from the sun, it is called a dwarf planet. How old is the solar system? It is impossible to tell by looking at the age of rocks on Earth because these have all been changed over time by such processes as erosion. But meteorites, pieces of matter that fall on Earth from space, provide a better clue because they have not been changed in this way. It is assumed that they were formed when the solar system formed. The oldest meteorite ever found is 4.6 billion years old, so scientists now assume that to be the age of the solar system.
"Three... two... one... Off!" On August 2, 2003, 9,000 people got together in a square on Ishigaki Island to see the Milky Way. When the countdown was over, all the lights on the island went out oneafter another. Soon, only darkness covered the whole island. As their eyes got used to the darkness, the people began to see a big cloud of millions of stars coming out in the night sky. "Wow!" Shouts of happiness rose here and there. They seemed to be in a fantasy world. On that night, all the peopla on the island got united and turned off their lights to see the Milky Way. The night sky of the island once was filled with many bright stars. But as the city grew over the years and artificial lights increased, it became difficult to see the Milky Way.
Surprisingly, even on such an island with a lot of nature like Ishigaki Island, it is difficult to see the stars at night. This is happening all over the world. A study shows that about two-thirds of the world's population in the cities can no longer see the Milky Way. The artificial light from the streets and buildings is reflected on dust or drops of water in the air. As a result, the sky is filled with too much light to see the stars. This is called "light pollution." It has been seen as one of the world's growing environmental problems since about the 1980s. As the sky has more excess light because of light pollution, the universe is fading away from us. When we see the stars in the whole sky, we have a chance to realize that the univerase is huge and that we are living on just one of the planets in it. We may lose this chance if light pollution continues. Moreover, the problem has become a growing threat even to life on earth, including human beings.
Light pollution can disturb the way plants grow. Too much light at night breaks the balance of light and darkness which is important for growing plants to be healthy. According to a report by the Japanese government, rice plants in paddy fields under or near street lights grow more slowly. Some wild animals also fall victim to light pollution. It is reported that a large number of baby sea turtles cannot go back to the sea because of outdoor lights. They usually hatch at night on beaches and instinctively go back to the sea towards the brightest things on the horizon, like stars and the moon above the sea. Nothing is as bright as them, expect ships or lighthouses. However, on some beaches, the stars and the moon are not the brightest. The beaches are now illuminated by artificial lights from hotels or street lights along the beach. Many baby turtles go towards them. Consequently, some are run over by cars, and others die in the sun after dawn.
1,When was Mitsuyo born? 2,Why did her parents let her do everything she wanted? 3,How did she like her new school? 4,How did things change? 5,How did she like her free time at school? 6,Mitsuyo was her parent'sfirst name. 7,She was bullied by her grandmther. 8,After moving with her grandmother, she went to a new school. 9,At first everyone in the class spoke her. 10,Some time later, she found someone to eat lunch together. 11,what ws found in the trash bin? 12,What happened when she was in the rest room? 13,Why did she think she could tell her three friends anything? 14,What did Mitsuyo do, sitting at her desk at home? 15,Where and how did she try to kill herself? 16,Mitsuyo looked terrible after a bucket of water had been poured doun on her head. 17,The next year she had to face former claamates everyday again. 18,Mitsuyo said that she had made the prank calls.
In the United States, the International Dark-Sky Association has been trying to solve the light pollution problem. It suggests some ways to keep lights from becoming "pollution." One is to put lights in the right places, so that the life of living things is not disturbed. Another way is to change the designs of lights. If street lights are not covered, light goes in all directions. There will be too much light in the night sky. But if street lights are covered, the sky will be filled with less light. Then we can have less light pollution. It is how we use lights that matters. Human activities have increased thanks to artificial light and it has made cities more animated. It also has helped to develop our civilization. You can see how bright cities are with lights at night in North America, Japan, and Europe on pictures of the earth taken from space. They look beautiful, but it is time to think about the problems caused by lights- the "dark side" of lights. Light pollution also seems to be harming human beings. Some scientists point out that the bright lights at night disturb people's sleep and cause problems like insomnia.
The experts forecasted that the world population will reach 8.4 billion people. They predicted that people in advanced countries will live longer. The average age of the populations in these countries will increase to 41 years. However, countries without advanced technology will continue to face such difficulties as disease and a shortage of food. The average age of their populations will not increase. 何方かよろしくお願いします。
どなたかよろしくお願いします。 In pictures weirdly early Renaissance―ominous, beautiful, with sly echoes of, among others, Goya, Brueghel and Salvador Dali―she floats over the landscape, gazing at the reader with a superbly rendered troubled look.
The refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie forms an integural part of this architectural complex, begun in Milan in 1463 and reworked at the end of the 15th century by Bramante. On the north wall is The Last Supper, the unrivalled masterpiece painted between 1495 and 1497 by Leonardo da Yinci, whose work was to herald a new era in the history of art.
In the 15th century the Dominican Church and Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie lay outside the medieval walls of Milan. It was in its refectory that, between 1495 and 1497/98, Leonardo painted The Last Supper. Along with the Monna Lisa in the Louvre in Paris, The Last Supper is Leonardo's most famous work. It is one of the paintings most often taken as a symbol of Western Art. It depicts the instant in which Jesus announces to the apostles that he knows one of them will betray him. Thanks to the sense of perspective the painting conveyed, the monks dining in the refectory had the impression that they were almost part of the scene. The sense of awe inspired by this masterpiece and the profound interest in it stem also from the enormous problems that its conservation has always presented. When Leonardo da Vinci painted The Last Supper,he employed a technique different from the traditional one used to paint wall frescoes. The traditional technique was to divide the section of wall to be frescoed into small squares to be painted rapidly one at a time, while the plaster was still moist, so that the paint and the plaster would dry together.
Leonardo chose a technique which resembled the one commonly employed to paint on canvas or wood. This allowed him to paint more than once over the same surface, so that he could retouch details and thereby achieve the end result he had in mind. This method permitted Leonardo to create a wall painting of extraordinary beauty. Unfortunately, the painting is also exceptionally vulnerable, because its colors, painted on dry plaster, did not stick as well as they would have on moist plaster, making the work all the more perishable. Added to the refectory's natural humidity,the cracking caused by the settling of the wall that supports the painting, and the inevitable damage caused by the mere passage of hundreds of years, and it is easy to understand why the conservation of The Last Supper gives rise to such heartfelt concern.
But I know probably for my entire life. (中略) And so that fantasy and how it translates and becomes something else as you grow older, I can’t tell you that I understand it too well but I know it keeps you from being a happy person because you always live on the edge of a calamity. 一部分だけでも構いません。どなたかよろしくお願いします。
Eruptions and Explosions The Earth's surface is a rocky crust about 40 kilometers thick under the continents and about seven kilometers thick under the oceans. Under the crust is a large layer of hot rock called the mantle. The crust is made up of 12 plates that float about on the mantle at speeds varying between one and ten centimeters a year. At the edge of these plates, where they collide, move apart or slide past each other, we get earthquakes and volcanoes. When an ocean plate hits a continental plate, it slides below the continental plate into the mantle. Friction causes the top of the mantle to melt, forming molten rock called magma. Pressure causes magma and gases to force their way up through fractures in the crust, emerging at the surface of the Earth in a volcanic eruption. The magma that flows onto the surface is called lava. As it cools and hardens, the lava forms a cone that builds up to form a volcanic mountain. Volcanoes also form where plates move apart, and magma rises to fill the gap. And a few volcanoes, such as those in Hawaii, form in the middle of a plate where magma rises and bursts through weak spots in the plate. There are about 600 active volcanoes on Earth. Most of them are within 200 kilometers of the sea, and more than half are in the "Ring of Fire" around the rim of the Pacific Ocean. This is where the large Pacific Plate meets several other plates that surround it.
Super volcanoes are different from ordinary volcanoes. These volcanoes are the most destructive force on Earth. Fortunately there are very few of them and they lie dormant for long periods. The magma and gases in a super volcano do not reach the surface but instead form a massive underground reservoir. As the amount of material in this reservoir increases, huge pressure builds up. This continues for hundreds of thousands of years until the volcano explodes in a huge eruption, tens of thousands of times larger than the eruption of a normal volcano. The last super volcano to erupt was Toba in Sumatra 75,000 years ago. Thousands of cubic kilometers of ash were blown into the atmosphere, blocking out sunlight all over the Earth for years. Global temperatures dropped by over 20 degrees. Many species of plants and animals were wiped out, and the human race almost became extinct.
Volcanoes have killed about 30,000 people over the last 20 years. It is impossible to prevent volcanoes from erupting, so the best way of saving lives is to predict when and where they will erupt. Before an eruption, gases such as sulfur dioxide are emitted. Sulfur dioxide can be detected by its unpleasant smell, and other gases can be detected by spectrometers, instruments that analyze light. The build-up of magma before an eruption causes vibrations that can be detected by seismographs. This build-up can distort the surface of the Earth, causing it do bulge. Before it erupted in 1980, the volcano at Mount St. Helens in North America developed a bulge as high as a six-story building. These changes on the Earth's surface can be detected by instruments on the surface working in conjunction with the Global Positioning System, but this method can only detect localized changes. Newer techniques use satellites to observe surface changes in entire regions. However, it is still very difficult to predict when an eruption will occur.
These days a computer can easily best a good chess player in most contests between man and machine. But there is a problem with computers when compared to people: that is, computers can compute problems but they cannot think. A computer can win a game of chess, but it cannot answer (simple/ wonderful/ difficult) questions like “How does it feel to win?” Once the game is over, the average human is much smarter than any computer. Artificial Intelligence (or AI) is the field of study concerned with computers, processing, and thinking. The more we learn about making computers smarter, the more amazing we realize human beings are. The human brain is far more complex than any computer. The brain has complex networks between brain cells that exchange energy and information to make us think and act. The human brain was not designed-it was selected through millions of years of evolution. Scientists are just now beginning to learn about the complex and wonderful ways our brains function and make us human. What they are learning is that we are still far away from achieving anything like true human thought in computers. Perhaps the most exciting area of research in AI is concerned with using computers and human intelligence together in very efficient ways. New interfaces between computers and police officers, computers and shoppers, and even computers and doctors and medical patients all point to a future where computers make our lives better by working with us, not by replacing us. The problem with computers is that they are still far behind human intelligence in many ways, so it is up to humans to use computers in a smart and truly humane way.
@Since 2001,more researchers have become interested in developing rescue robots and this research is now progressing repidly. AHowever,there is a lot of more work to be done and natural desasters continue to occur. BIn fact,several big earthquakes have happened recently both inside and cutside Japan. CSo Professor Matsuno feels the importance of this work even more strongly. DIn order to make faster progress,Professor Matsuno thinks it is necessary to encourage more young researchers to develop rescue robots. EHe is confident of their having a very important role in helping people at desaster sites in the future. FHe says,"Keeping Motohiro's dream in mind,I'd like to work hard to help more people survive desasters. GI also hope many young people will join me in achieving this goal."
Many people, both in America and overseas, tend to think of the white race when they think of typical Americans. It is a fact that the history of the U.S. up to the present has been primarily the history of the relationship between America and Europe. The perception of America as a country inhabited mostly by white people will have to change in the future. According to demographic projections, by the year 2056 the white race will have become a minority in the U.S. That has already happened in California, where minority students now account for 51.3% of the total public school enrollment. In New York State, about 40% of the public school children are from minority groups. Although the shift in population mix is taking place faster along the coasts, even in middle America great changes are taking place. For instance, there are over 200,000 people of Middle Eastern descent living in Detroit, Michigan. Experts disagree on what effect this changing racial mix will have on America and American values. In the past, immigrants were expected to learn English and fit in with the European, mostly English, values in order to survive and succeed. Today, many Hispanics refuse to give up their Spanish language and culture, and resent the recent tendency in many states to make English the only official language. Some experts say that the increase in minority population will cause more racism and conflict among the various racial and ethnic groups. Other experts say that there is nothing to worry about as the newcomers already share American values simply by the fact of choosing America in the first palace. No matter what happens, however, one thing is certain. The U.S. as a white European-style country will change to a true microcosm of the world. It will become a multiracial and multicultural society that needs to get along to survive, the exact thing that the world also needs to learn.
I was sitting at a bar in a small Japanese town. I was drinking beer when I became aware of being closely observed by a man sitting next to me on a high stool. After a while he spoke to me in broken English. He had watched me drink my beer with obvious enjoyment, then asked: ‘Japanese beer good?’ ‘Very good’ A (1) grin. ‘Japanese beer better than English?’ ‘Much better’ A (2) grin. I thought it a bit too self-satisfied, so I added: ‘But German beer better still.’ He was puzzled and surprised. ‘You just said, Japanese beer better than English.’ ‘(A). Japanese beer better than English; German beer better than Japanese.’ Long, thoughtful silence. Then a girl came in and ordered whisky. He watched her drink it, then asked me: ‘Japanese whisky better than English?’ ‘(B),’ I nodded, ‘much better.’ A delighted grin. He was thrilled. Then I said: ‘But Scotch whisky is better still.’ (3) silence. ‘But Japanese whisky better than English?’ ‘Much better.’ He still seemed worried. He asked: ‘German beer best in the world?’ ‘(C),’ I replied, ‘Czech beer best still.’ ‘Small country, Czechoslovakia.’ ‘Tiny country,’ I agreed, ‘but excellent beer.’ This was hard on him. ‘German beer is not best in the world but better than Japanese?’ ‘That is so.’
He had a few more drinks, and someone ordered sashimi, raw fish. The inevitable inquiry followed. ‘English sashimi better than Japanese?’ ‘(D).’ He looked at me suspiciously, obviously waiting for the blow to fall. But no blow fell. Not a word about Scottish sashimi or Irish sashimi. I didn’t wait for his question, but declared myself: ‘Japanese sashimi best in the world.’ Up to now he had taken no notice of the other people in the bar, but he translated my opinion on sashimi for all to hear. National pride was satisfied. We parted friends.
(A)〜(D)にはYesかNoが入ります。 (1)〜(3)には、painful, still happier, relieved, happyが入ります。
Man has been living on the Earth for upwards of a quarter of a million years. During almost the whole of that time,his life was one continual struggle to keep himself alive and to rear his young. Human development has not everywhere followed the same uniform course. But,generally speaking,man began by feeding on the fruits and roops that grew around him. Or he hunted wile beasts for food to eat and for skins to cover his nakedness. He lived in caves and traveled in small bands of his kind with no more belongings than he could easily carry. Then some time about ten thousandv years ago,in certain parts of the world,man began to find out how to secure the food he needed without having to use up all his time and stregth in doing it. He learned how to grow plants good to eat,and how to keep tame animals to provide him with fresh meat and milk. Thus,over large areas of the Earth's surface,he exchanged the wandering existence of the hunter for the more settled life of the shepherd or farmer. This marked the beginning of man's rise from savagery to the position he holds in the world today. For shepherds and farmers can produce more food than they themselves need. There is thus a surplus of food;and this can go to feed other people who can spend their time and strength doing or making other things. It is these "other things" which have done so much to enrich man's life,and to raise it above a merely animal level.
The earlest men spent many hours hunting,and more hours chewing raw meat and togh plants. Their jaws and teeth were larger than those of men today. Later,jaws and teeth became smaller.Men had discovered that it was much easier to hcew food that had been softened by fire - that is, they had learned to cook. Over hundreds of thousands of years,this may have played a part in changing the appearance of the human face and teeth. Like most of early mans's advances,the discovery of cooking must have been an accident. Perhaps his food fell into a fire,and he discovered that roasted meat was more tender than raw meat. Or perhaps,after a forest fire,he found the burned bodies of animals and tasted the flesh. He may not have liked the taset at first.But he did like the fact that his food was softer and easier to eat. Although he did not know it,this new way of eating gave him more energy. It must also have destroyed some of the parasites in his meat and thus made him healthier. At some time man must have seen that animals ran in terror when he carried a burning stick. This suggested new ways of hunting.Many men with flaming torches could drive frightened animals over a cliff to their death. Or the hunters could drive the animals into an area where they could easily be killed with stone weapons. Man could also set grass fire.There would sweep across the country,killing herds of animals or driving them ahead. Without fire,man sometimes had more food than he could eat,but he had no way of keeping it from spoiling. Somehow he learned that extra food could be smoked and carried on his travel. This was important because there were many times when food was hard to find. Then his smoked meat could keep him from starving.
It's worth nothing that surrogate motherhood is not entirely uncontroversial even in the U.S. For example, some Christians interpret the Biblical story of Abraham and Sarah to mean that God doesn't approve of surrogate motherhood. With very few Christian lawmakers in Japan, however, that can't be the reason for the resistance to it here. Government officials say their main concern is that women will start "renting out" their bodies― becoming surrogate mothers to make money. Naturally, surrogate mothers get all of their medical expenses paid by the baby's parents-to-be, but sometimes there's also a separate payment. In Mukai's case, the surrogate mother received more than two million yen, and nobody knows how much of that was used to cover expenses and how much might have been a profit for her.
Clearly there are valid arguments for and against surrogate motherhood. In deciding whether to permit it in Japan, lawmakers should consider both the pros and the cons, and they should examine how other countries have addressed those pros and cons. Unfortunately, sometimes that's not how decisions are made here. There are people in this country who think anything American is good and perhaps an equal number who think anything American is bad. "America allows surrogate motherhood, so Japan should, too" is not a valid argument, nor is "America allows surrogate motherhood, so Japan shouldn't." As with doctor-assisted suicide, our next topic, what Japan needs is to implement laws that are right for Japan, not the ones that are right for the U.S. or any other country.
BBCのUnderstanding the News in English 5 という教科書のFolic Acid to be Added to Breadの一部です。
And this is the vitamin in question that could be added to our flour. Its benefits are clear. It cuts the risk of the spiral cord defect, spina bifida. Now this condition affects about ninehundred pregnancies in the UK every year, and experience in the US shows adding folic acid to bread cuts the number of these cases by up to 50%. But adding the vitamin was ruled out here a few years ago because of concerns about the elderly. It's feared folic acid could mask a vitamin deficiency that triggers anaemia. But, now it seems plans may go ahead, with folic acid being added to all white flour, the only exemptions being flour used in wholemeal and specialty breads. I thunk with any decision like this on the part of a government or the part of society it's a question of weighing risks and benefits, and in this case I think that the benefits are huge and the potential risks are very small indeed. But there's still the tricky question of the right to choose. If you want white bread should you be forced to have extra vitamins,too? Those most likely to be opposed are consumer groups and individuals. But with such strong evidence of benefits from other countries, it's likely the proposals will eventually go ahead. In the meantime, supplements and green vegetables rich in folic acid are recommended, but as this is voluntary not everyone complies. Putting folic acid in a staple part of the diet should go much further to improve the nation's health.
The famous Brithsh scientist Julian Huxley saw this coming long ago. In New Bottles For New Wine, published in 1957, he warned:"It is as if man had been suddenly appointed managing director of the biggest business of all , the business of evolution... Whether he wants it or not , he is determining the future direction of evolution on this earth." This is a sobering vision , but it is also an inspiring one. It dares us to let go of a nostalgic desire for an environmentally pure past that probably never was and to take up a real and present challenge.
In addition, the baby boom had created a growing number of young people. These people felt that Britain had to break with the past and make a new start. They wanted a more equal society where people could succeed because of their talent, not their social class, money of family connections. These new times needed a new symbol. No one expected this new symbol to be a pop group - four working -class boys from the tough port city of Liverpool, who called themselves the Beatles. They seemed to represent everything that people in the 1960s wanted. John, Paul, George and Ringo did not care about class barriers. They broke them down, not through anger and protest, but by their humour and talent. The Beatles were unlike any pop group before them. Previously singers had been strictly controlled by their managers. They were told what to say and what to sing. But the Beatles said whatever they liked and they were the first band to write and record their own songs. They inspired people everywhere because they rose from the bottom to the top through their own efforts, their own talent and their own personal charm. よろしくお願いします
Since the June hijacking of a TWA plane out of Athens, airlines and airports have tightened their security checks. To minimize checkpoint delays, make certain that your baggage contains no dangerous articles. Loaded firearms are out, of course, but so are some seemingly harmless things. Expect problems if you travel with a cylinder of oxygen for medical purposes or scuba diving, a can of lighter fluid, a briefcase with an electronic theft alarm, or even a pocketknife. You can avoid delays at the other end of your flight by taking a few simple steps to reduce the risk of losing your bags. Have an ID tag both inside and outside each locked bag, and tear off any old airline destination tags before you check in. Also, wait at the ticket counter until you have seen all your bags tagged, and make sure that your new tags show the correct destination. On arrival, just to make sure that you haven’t picked up someone else’s identical bag, match your claim check against the tag before leaving the terminal.
Don’t panic if something doesn’t show up on the baggage conveyor belt. Few bags really disappear. Of the 39 million pieces of checked baggage TWA carried in 1984, for example, only 8,000 were lost. That’s less than 0.0002 per cent. Most “missing” pieces arrived on a later flight, to be delivered within 24 hours, and 97 per cent were found and delivered within four days. (After British Airways recently failed to locate a package lost in London in time for a passenger’s flight to New York, it rushed it after her via the Concorde.) If you miss a bag, report it promptly, but hang on to the claim check until you receive it or file a lost luggage claim And don’t lose your presence of mind if articles that are considerably overweight or somewhat unusual in shape – skis, fishing poles, or bikes, for example – fail to arrive via the conveyor belt. Chances are they’ve been placed in a separate area reserved for such special items.
1.Imagine you've been told that you have a terrible disease which cannot be cured. Imagine you've researched the disease in the library and on the Internet, and you learned that it progresses slowly and painfully. It is always fatal, but you might have to suffer for months or years before the end comes.
2.It's not a pleasant thought, is it? But there really are such diseases in the world, and there really are people suffering from them. Of course, doctors are working continuously to find cures, but until they're successful, the best that they can do is to try to relieve their patients' suffering, usually by giving pain-killing drugs.
3.Some terminally-ill patients would rather not wait for death. They don't want to spend the remainder of their lives with their minds fogged by pain-killers, but they also don't want to endure the pain that would come if medication was stopped. And they don't want their families to have to bear the emotional and financial burden of caring for them for a long time. What they do want is to die peacefully... and they sometimes turn to their doctors for help.
"Practice makes perfct." So goes an old proverb. It is not impossible even for a man who hs little ability to learn to do something if he is only diligent.
和訳お願いします。 "Practice makes perfct."=「習うより慣れよ」のことわざです。
I like Japan, what draws me, Japanese woman of course :-P...Seriou?sly though, I also like the rural Japan, the peacefulness?...learning of Feudal Japan, the martial arts, the amazing technology, the enthusiasm for video games. Japan has a rich history and if Americans were more like Japanese culture we might be better liked. The sites I would like to see in Japan, Mt Fuji of course, Tokyo, the best arcade in Japan (wherever that may be), Osaka castle, some Buddhist temples would be nice too, and even that indoor beach would be cool.
In 1991, Jeffery Heller, a sales executive, was looking for a new career opportunity. He contacted companies that offered support to executives searching for jobs. "I was surprised by the insensitivity they showed to my nees. I was told that I should spend thousands of dollars to contact 16,000 companies, some of which were not even in my field," he recalls.
Heller saw a market for a new service. He set up a new company called ECC and used commercial sources to quickly build an impressive database containing the names of 10.8 million senior executives. He reduced that list to a core of 321,000 executives who work in key companies in the U.S. "We selected companies capable of paying managers and corporate executives over US$75,000 a year, "Heller explains.
続きです よろしくお願いします The Beatles unleashed a tidal wave of creative energy in music, fashion and the arts. They were always at the leading edge of the culture. They experimented with drugs, eastern religion and other new ideas. They also pioneered more creative uses of technology in the recording studio. Perhaps it was signficant that the Beatles broke up in 1970, just as the dynamicdecade of the 1960s was coming to an end.
Enemies! In World War I,Germany and Japan were enemies. They fought against each other in China. This is a story of two young men. One was from Japan,the other from Germany. Their countries were at war,but music helped them become friends.
A Japanese army car stopped in front of a Prisoner of War(POW) camp in Japan. A young German soldier got out of the car. His name was George,and he was a prisoner. He looked around and saw tall mountains standing over fields and small wooden houses. He felt refreshed by the cold air. Before he joined the army,he had studied to become a symphony couductor. He fought the Japanese in China. The Japanese Army won the battle and took him prisoner.
A young Japanese soldier told him to go into the POW camp. He was tall and strong but gentle. George followed him. "It is a troubled world that we live ln,but you're safe here. You can relax now. My name is Kenji,let me carry that for you." He took the bag George was carrying. They walked together through the camp. "Nice to meet you. I'm George." "I know," the young man said. "I hear you conducted an orchestra before the war. I'm an interpreter and care-taker at this POW camp." Kenji turned to George and smiled. "Please ask for me if you need any help." That was the first smile George had seen in Japan. "This camp is called the Bando Prisoner's Camp. It is in the town of Bando in Naruto City,Tokushima Prefecture." Kenji started to show George around. He pointed at one of the buildings. "What's that?" George asked. "That's the bowling alley," Kenji replied. George couldn't believe his ears. "Do the local people go bowling?" George asked. "No,it's for the prisoners," Kenji said.
"Of course,we sometimes join them." Again George couldn't believe his ears. What country world let POWs have a bowling alley? How could enemies play together in a friendly game like bowling? Later,George learned that POWs were building a little German-style town including the bowling alley,a library,a bath house,cottages,a theater,and a restaurant. It was a prison camp,but the POW's lives were almost free. The camp supervisor made all this possible. The prisoners were not criminals,so he was nice to them. They were fellow human beings.
The United Nations was created in 1945 above all else to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war - to ensure that the horrors of the World Wars were never repeated. Sixty years later,we know all too well that the biggest security threats we face now,and in the decades ahead,go far beyond States waging aggressive war.
That as a poor child,nobody would take me but it wasn′t a kidnapping I was afraid of so much as dying. Because kids died and I knew that and kids in Europe had to die apparently if they were jewish.
The least dangerous branch of the American government is the most extraordinary powerful court of law the world has ever known. The power which distinguishes the Supreme Court of the United States is that of constitutional review of actions of the other branches of government,federal and state. Curiously enough,this power of judical review,as it is called,does not derive from any explicit constitutional command. The authority to determine the meaning and application of a written constitution is nowhere defined or even mentioned in the document itself. This is not to say that the power of judicial review cannot be placed in the Constitution:merely that it cannot be found there.
George loved music and he was overjoyed to learn the Bando camp had an orchestra! The musicians accepted George as their conductor,and their music quickly improved. They started to give concerts. The people of Bando liked the music,and POWs came to be accepted in the local community. The orchestra got better and better. They decided to play Beethoven's Ninth Symphony,which is a very difficult piece. But Beethoven was from Germany,their own country. They all respected him and decided to try. They got a big round of applause from the first time. The first time Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was heard in Japan,June 1st,1918.
It was in autumn in 1919. George had lived at the POW camp for two years. The war was ended. Finally,it was time to go home to Germany. But George and the others had come to love Bando. In fact,they had started calling themselves "Bando-jin",meaning "The Bando People." Kenji told George that the people of Bando wanted to sing the Ninth Symphony. It would be a good-bye song. George shook his head sadly. "It is difficult even for Germans to sing that song. How can Japanese sing it? They don't know the language." Kenji felt sad,but he said,"George,we want to do this for you. We're sure we can overcome the language problem." George was deeply moved. The Bando citizens loved music. They had treated the Germans as true friends. George finally said,"Alright,Kenji. Let's do it together. It will be tough,but we can do it. But once we start,there's no turning back. Okay?" Kenji agreed. "No turning back."
Delivery is another issue that affects margins. For years, companies have tried to cut the time between a customer placing an order for a car and taking delivery. Manufacturers now operate a just-in-time production system. The components for each car arrive at pre-cisely the right moment when they are needed on the assembly line. Such production methods have cut the cost of holding components in stock, and have resulted in high productivity. Most makers are now able to assemble a car in just 18-20 man-hours.
Dear my host family members. Thank you for your mail! Sorry for the late reply. It took me a while to learn how to send a mail. We want to see you too, John. Life in Canada gave me some wonderful memories.
I should says this sooner but, Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to you all!
In May 1984, Dr. Nakamura Tetsu started his volunteer activities in Pakistan. There were a lot of differences in customs between the local people and the Japanese volunteers. These differences made it difficult for Dr. Nakamura to help the local people in the beginning. In the Muslim tradition, for example, women are not allowed to show their skin to others, especially to men. This custom keeps Muslim women from going to see doctors. Respecting their customs, Dr. Nakamura decided to employ female staff to take care of female patients and also to set up different days for examining men and women. Dr. Nakamura always tried to think about local customs when he helped the people. With this sincere attitude he began to build a relation ship of trust with them. Later, in 1991, he opened a clinic in Dara-e-Noor, an area with high mountains in Afghanistan. Until he came, people there did not have any access to medical services.
As we try to understand this , we almost always begin to worry about technology. Is it part of the problem or part of the solution? Of course, it is both. Anybody can see that factories and farms, cities and cars have messed u the world.And anybody can see that technology is producing not only ways to do things better but also tools for cleaning up the mess. Technology is also our chief sourse of information about the problem. We know about the world's environmental ills because very complex inventions tell us about them. Technology is everywhere , and it is an important part of our lives. Discussion of the course ahead cannot be reduced to a simple choise between technological fix and a change in our values and habits. Instead we will have to introduce a vast learning program that involves both. We will also need a new sense of environmental responsibility, an environmentalism that uses science and technology , understands the great evolutionary change now taking place, and accepts the new role of the human race. If the world is to work properly in the 21st century, it will be because nature , humanity , and technology work together. And perhaps, if we can make them work well together , we will come to understand that they are really the same thing.
As a pianist , I was invited to perform at the International Cello Festival in Manchester, England. Every two years a group of the world's greatest cellists and others devoted to that instrument---bow makers , collectors , histrorians --- take part in this festival.
The opening-night performance of the festival was supposed to begin with works for unaccompanied cello, which is music in its purest , most intense form. The atmosphere in the concert hall was filled with anticipation. The world-famouscellist Yo-Yo Ma was one of the performers that April night in 1994 , and there was a moving story behind the music he would play.
On May 27 , 1992 , in Sarajevo, a group of hungry , war-shattered people were standing in a bread line. Suddenly a bomb fell into the middle of the line , killing twenty-twe people. It was a terrible sight. Not far away lived a 35-year-old musician named Vedran Smailovic. Before the war he had been a cellist with the Sarajevo Opera;he had an excellent job and he longed to return to it. But when he saw the massacre outside his window, he was angry and unable to get it out of his mind. Anguished , he dicided to do the thing hi did best : make music.
On each of the next twenty-two days , at four in the afternoon , Smailovic put on his formal concert suit , picked up his cello, and walked out of his house into the center of the battlefield.Placing a small chair beside the hole that the bomb had made, he played one of the most mournful and touching pieces in classical music. He played to the ruined streets, crushed cars, and burning buildings, and for the terrified people who hid in the cellars while the bombs were falling. He did this to show his respect for human dignity , for those who suffered in the war, and for peace.
One day in June of 2000, Dr. Nakamura found a large number of people in front of his clinic. They were waiting in a long line to see a doctor. Most of them were suffering from diarrhea caused by dysentery. Dr. Nakamura saw among the people a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby neither moved nor cried. He was already dead. The woman looked sad, and her eyes were appealing for something. "Those eyes," Dr. Nakamura recalls, "were what I can never forget. Many of the victims were small children. I was wondering what had brought this about." That year a serious brought struck the area and dried up the river and the land. The people could not get clean water. Some children drank from dirty puddles and got dysentery. "If there had been clean water, many more people would have survived," thought Dr. Nakamura. "Please stay alive! Hang on!" With these prayers, he decided to big wells which could supply clean water for the people.
Let's see some examples from abroad. Thirty minutes by car from Chicago, in a quiet part of the city, is the Brookfield Zoo. The facilities in the zoo are level, so wheelchairs are easy to use. Indoor facilities are designed to be comfortable all year, even when the weather is terrible. On the 16-kilometer-long zoo path, there's a safari bus that his places for wheelchairs. In order for zoo guests to be able to see animals up close, the floor on the animal side of enclosures is high. There are also low fences and windows at different heights to take into account the different sizes of visitors. Zoo information and maps use many pictographs, and are designed to be easy for anyone to understand. Maps show flat paths which are easy for wheelchairs and baby strollers. Visitors who can't see well can take advantage of large signs and bright colors on the maps. In addition, around the enclosures there are life-sized models of the animals so you can easily see and touch what you'll find inside. There are also smaller models nearby, so that children or those with poor vision can experience the animals through touch. And for people who have disabilities that may not be obvious, such as hearing difficulties or heart disease, there's a special "access sticker" so they - and someone accompanying them - can receive preferential treatment. As it's easy to imagine, the Brookfield Zoo has had great success. It has many repeat visitors, and is greatly loved by the people living in the area. This is one clear example of the power of UD(universal design).
What is the key to developing "coexistence" the ideal behind UD? To find out, we asked a design specialist, Professor Kazuo Kawasaki, who says the following: "It's useless to simply have ideas about UD. It's necessary to go one step beyond that. We need to use our imaginations when looking at things. We should ask our selces, for example, 'What if this breaks when it is used in this way?' The key to UD is this kind of consideration toward those who will use things." In the end, however, no matter how advanced design techniques become, if we only depend on the way objects are made, we will never fully develop coexistence. We need to be open and think about the people around us - to speak up, for example, and ask, "Can I help you carry that?" In order to do that, we must develop our ability to see things from the point of view of other people. That is how to make a society for everyone!
Feeling up close, the shining light with my eyelids. Felt I would not get back if I open my eyes. Want to turn back the time on the clock. Want it all to be just part of a dream. Now smile, just so slightly. Life is not for eternity in the making. Did not want to admit it till the very end. A young self was crying when I looked in the other side of the mirror from me. Now smile, just so slightly.
From that day on,the Germans and the Japanese practice was too hard. George was disappointed. He said quietly, "Kenji,we agreed there was no turning back. Everyone in a chorus must sing together. Their hearts must beat together. They must be like one person. We are not Germans and Japanese. We are The People of Bando. We are Bando-jin. That's why I agreed to try. But if the local people aren't willing to work hard…" He went back his room. His heart was heavy. That night,Kenji visited everyone who had dropped out. He told them what George had said. He asked them to try again. The next day,everyone showed up for the rehearsal. George came in and said, "We've been practicing a lot. I know it has been hard but we have little time." He thought about the happiness the music would bring to everyone. To the orchestra,to the chorus,to all the people of Bando,German and Japanese.
His heart was filled with emotion. All he could say was, "Thank you,everybody. Just do your best,and the concert will be successful."
6
Finally the day arrived. The hall was filled with people of Bando'German and Japanese. Though the audience was large,the hall was filled with complete silence. George took the baton and the symphony began. The sound of horns and vilolins filled the air. The chorus joined the orchestra in a song of friendship.
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As they sang and played,their hearts came together as one. At that moment,people overcame nationality and race. They were filled with the happiness of being alive,simply being human. When the performance ended,George turned around and bowed. Applause filled the hall. His eyes were full of tears. He looked at Kenji,who was also crying. They were both filled with joy.
Albert re-entered high school, students were supposed to ask questions. Albert especially enjoyed discussing the subject of "time "with his teachers. How fast does time pass? What is the future - do we travel into it or is it already here? Will time ever run out?
But sleep’s effects on memory are not limited to stabilization. Over just the past few years, a number of studies have demonstrated the sophistication of the memory processing that happens during slumber. In fact, it appears that as we sleep, the brain might even be dissecting our memories and retaining only the most salient details. In one study we created a series of pictures that included either unpleasant or neutral objects on a neutral background and then had people view the pictures one after another. Twelve hours later we tested their memories for the objects and the backgrounds. The results were quite surprising. Whether the subjects had stayed awake or slept, the accuracy of their memories dropped by 10 percent for everything. Everything, that is, except for the memory of the emotionally evocative objects after night of sleep. Instead of deteriorating, memories for the emotional objects actually seemed to improve by a few percent overnight, showing about a 15 percent improvement relative to the deteriorating backgrounds. After a few more nights, one could imagine that little but the emotional objects would be left. We know this culling happens over time with real-life events, but now it appears that sleep may play a crucial role in this evolution of emotional memories.
Only three days later we received another fax. This time my boss surprised me. He answered in an unexpected way. “Urusai ne! NO discount da yo.” I decided that we much better not to translate the urusai part and sent a fax saying that we could not give 10% off. As you can see,I was trying to keep my translations as close to what was said in Japanese as possible. Hans was really angry. The following day we received a fax saying that he did not want to do business with Japanese anymore because they do not keep promises. My boss was very surprised. “Did you translate correctly all my replise to Hans?”he asked me. “Yes sir. I translated everything the best way I could,”I answered. “Then why is Hans so angry? Why is he saying that we do not keep promises? I never promised 10% off.” Those were really good questions. I had no idea at all. What could I do in order to help?
I was very sure that my translations were almost perfect. But, just to check, I decided to have talk with Ms.Suzuki, my Japanese teacher from the university. I gave her some copies of my translations. She read them very carefully and said, “Well, the translations are perfect. I can see no problem with the language you have used. However, I think you made a mistake in understanding your boss's real meaning. He said that 10% off was muzukashii, didn't he?” “Right. Then I translated it as ‘difficult,'”I replied. “I think that is the problem,”she explained. “In the dictionary muzukashii translates to English as‘difficult,' but many businessmen in Japan don't say‘no' directly. They prefer to use other words. It is a Japanese custom. I think that your boss meant that the 10% off was‘impossible.' On the other hand, your German customer understood from your translation that it was‘possible,' there would not have been any trouble.”
↑の続きです お願いします I asked my boss if his muzukashii meant‘no.' He said it did. What a big mistake! Quickly, I explained what had caused the problem with Hans. My boss just said,“You caused the problem.You solve it, OK?” I could not stop apologizing. After one hour on the phone I managed to explain to Hans thet the Japanese are not such bad people and that it was my mistake. Hans understood and, after all, he did want to continue doing business with our company. We agreed on a 5% discount. Since then I have learned to be careful about that little but difficult word. I always ask whether muzukashii means‘yes,'‘no,' or‘difficult.' But to tell the truth, I do not want to do translations at all.
After reading a newspaper story about this extraordinary man , the English composer David Wilde was so moved that he wrote a piece for unaccompanied cello entitled " The Cellist of Sarajevo," into which he poured his feelings of anger and love and his empathy for Vedran Smailovic. It was "The Cellist of Sarajevo" that Yo-Yo Ma was to play that evening in 1994. Ma came out onto the stage and sat down quietly on the chair. The music began , and it flowed throughout the still hall , creating a mournful mood. Slowly the feeling of the music turned to anger, then to death, and finally back to silence.Everyone was entranced by the power of the music.
When he had finished , Ma remained bent over his cello, his bow resting on the strings.No one in the hall moved for a long time.It was as though we had just witnessed that terrible massacre ourselves. Finally , Ma looked into audience and streatched out his hand , inviting someone to come to the stage.We were all surprised once we realized who the person was:Vedran Smailovic , the cellist of Sarajevo!
Smailovic rose from his seat and began to walk toward the stage as Ma went down to meet him.They hugged each other. At that moment everyone in the hall began shoutingand cheering. And in the center of it stood these two men,hugging and crying unashamedly: Yo-Yo Ma , the polite , elegant prince of classical music, flawless in appearance and performance;and Vedran Smailovic, a poorly dressed man whose mustache made him look old beyond his years.We all felt our deepest humanity had been touched , seeing this person who had played his cello in the face of bombs, death, and ruin.It was his way of fighting against such terrible things.
Back in Maine a week later, I sat one evening playing the piano for the people in a local nursing home.I could not help contrasting this concert with the excitement I had felt at the festival.Then I was struck by the profound similarities. With his music the cellist of Sarajevo had fought against death and despair, and had celebrated love and life. And here we were, tired voices accompanied by an old piano , doing the same thing. There were no bombs or massacres, but there was real pain:the pain of falling health , the pain of unbearable loneliness , and the pain from the scars of life, while there were only cherished memories for comfort.Yet still we sang and clapped. It was then I realized that music is a gift we all share equally. Whether we creat it or simply listen to it , music is something that can sooth, inspire, and unite us , often when we need it most --- and expect it least.
Guess where I am! Well, I'm at an outdoor cafe in Greenwich Village, New York City. A few days ago, after thumbing through the latest issue of my New Yorker magazine and seeing all there was going on culturally here, I decided on the spur of the moment to hop on a flight and just do it. I lived here in New York for a year once 20 years ago while working for a Japanese company ―on the 95th floor of the World Trade Center, it so happens―so I know the city quite well. But it's been a good decade since I was last here, and I thought, why not?
It wasn't easy getting here, though. Schools and universities have just let out, and many families are already taking their summer vacations, so I had a tough time getting a flight. Then, the airport in Seattle was absolutely packed. The check-in counter line was endless; the line at the security check, what with all the tight new Department of Homeland Security regulations, was even longer. They really checked me out―made me take off my shoes, open up my carry-on and laptop, even throw away my tube of toothpaste and hair gel. They frisked me, too. When I finally did get to my departure gate, my flight was delayed―nearly three hours! Then, after nearly six turbulent hours in the air, we had to circle JFK for an hour because of heavy air traffic.
Air industry experts predict that this summer will be one of the best―or worst, depending on how you look at it―since 9/11. Most planes will be filled to capacity. At the same time, because of downsizing, 40% fewer airline employees will be on hand to serve passengers. Three in ten flights will run late are lost baggage claims will jump 30%. So warn any students of yours who are planning to travel in the States this summer: expect delays, expect mistakes, expect to be treated like a potential terrorist. More about New York next time.
Voyager ReadingCource new edition Lesson9のPart1です。 お願いします。
It came, literally, out of the blue. I had no warning at all. The water was crystal clear and calm; it was more like swimming in a pool, rather than deep ocwan waters in kauai, Hawaii, where I go almost every morning to surf with my friends. The waves were small and I was just kind of rolling along with them relaxing on my board with my right hand on the nose of the board and my left arm in the cool water. I remember thinking, "I hope the surf picks up soon.....," when suddenly there was a flash of gray. that's all it took: just a second. The huge jaws of a fifteen-foot tiger shark covered the top of my board and my lest arm.
I didn't even scream. People say to me, "Weren't you terrified?" "Didn't you think you would be eaten alive?" Maybe I was in shock; maybe I was on autopilot. I'm not really sure, but when I look back on it now, I'm glad of one thing: I'm gled I never saw the shark closing in on me. If I had, I'm not sure I would ghave been so calm.
I seemed to be in control, according to Alana, who was surfing with me. I started to paddle away with one arm. The shore was a quarter of a mile away, but one thought kept repeating over and over in my head: "Get to the beach. Get to the beach...." It was a beautiful Halloween morning.
G:My name is O-Yuki.I have lately lost both of my parents.I'm going to Yedo,where I happened to have some poor relations,who might help me to find a situation as a servant. N:Minokichi soon felt charmed by this strange girl;and the more that he looked at her,the handsomer she appeared to be.He asked her: M:Are you betrothed yet? G:(laughingly)I am free.What about you?Are you married,or pledged to marry? M:Well,although I have only a widowed mother to support,the question of an "honorable daughter-in-law"has not yet been considered because I'm very young...
1 Obama's transition chief , said Sunday Obama is reviewing President Bush's exexcutive orders on those issue and others as he works to undo policies enacted during eight years of Repubican rule. 2 There's a lot of that the president can do using his executive authority without waiting for congress acion,and I think we'll see the president do that I think that he feel like he has a real mandate for change. 4 Defence Secretary Robert Gates has been mentioned as a possible holdover. 5 Why wouldn't we want to keep him? He's never been a registered Republican. 6 He was elected on a promise of change,but the nature of job makes it difficult for president to do much that has an immediate impact on the lives of average people. 7 Congress plans to take up a second economic plan before year's end-an effort Obama supports.But it could be month or longer before taxpayers see the effect. 8 Obama's advantage of course is he'll have the House and the Senate working with him, and that makes it easier. But even then, having an immediate impact is very difficult because the machinery of government doesn't move that quickly. 9 Presidents long have used executive orders to impose policy and set poriorities.One of Bush's first ats was to reinstate abortion restrictions on U.S. overseas aid.
誤字脱字が多かったです。教科書に載せられていた新聞なんですが、長文ですが、和訳お願い致します。 1 Obama's transition chief , said Sunday Obama is reviewing President Bush's executive orders on those issue and others as he works to undo policies enacted during eight years of Republican rule. 2 There's a lot of that the president can do using his executive authority without waiting for congress action,and I think we'll see the president do that. I think that he feel like he has a real mandate for change. 4 Defence Secretary Robert Gates has been mentioned as a possible holdover. 5 Why wouldn't we want to keep him? He's never been a registered Republican. 6 He was elected on a promise of change,but the nature of job makes it difficult for president to do much that has an immediate impact on the lives of average people. 7 Congress plans to take up a second economic plan before year's end-an effort Obama supports.But it could be month or longer before taxpayers see the effect. 8 Obama's advantage of course is he'll have the House and the Senate working with him, and that makes it easier. But even then, having an immediate impact is very difficult because the machinery of government doesn't move that quickly. 9 Presidents long have used executive orders to impose policy and set poriorities.One of Bush's first acts was to reinstate abortion restrictions on U.S. overseas aid.
Automobiles, television and telephones are so much a part of American life today that most Americans under the age of forty or fifty cannot remember or imagine what life was like without them. Children, growing up with the idea that such things are as much a part of normal living as tables and chairs, are surprised when they learn from relations or teachers or books that less than one hundred years ago nobody in America had them. How and why did all these developments come about so quickly all over such a great continent? Why have all these things, which are still luxuries in many countries, become a part of everyday life in the United States, owned by people at almost every level of income? Once we begin to look into history many discover the facts about the growth of the American nation we see that some of the easy answers that are often given are simply not true. For example. The answer most often given is that Americans have always, from the earliest times, taken a great interest in inventing new things and in trying to make them bigger and better and cheaper. Today nearly every Americans, boy or man, likes to use tools and is good at making and mending all sorts of things for the house. This is what is known as American ingenuity. And because it undoubtedly exists today there is a tendency to think that it has always existed. It is also thought that this American ingenuity, having been kept in chains by the British, began to show itself and take effect as soon as dependence of 1776. Both these ideas are wrong.
>>449 自動車やテレビや電話は今日のアメリカの生活のうちでとても大きな部分を占めているか ら、40歳、50歳以下の殆どのアメリカ人が、それらの無い生活を思い出せないし、 想像もできないのだ。 そういう物(自動車・テレビ・電話)が、テーブルとか椅子と同じくらい普通の暮らしの 部分を占めているという考えを持ちつつ育ってきた子どもたちは100年も経たない過去 にアメリカの誰もそれらを持たなかったのだということを親類や教師や本から知ると驚く のだ。このように大きな大陸の全ての場所でこれら全ての進歩がこんなにも早く、どのよ うに、また何故、起こったのだろうか? 何故、これら全てのものが、多くの国ではまだ贅沢品なのに合衆国の日常生活の一部に なり、収入の格差にかかわらず殆どの人々が所有するようになったのだろう? Once we begin to look into history many discover the facts about the growth of the American nation we see that some of the easy answers that are often given are simply not true. 例えば。最もよく説明される答えはアメリカ人はいつも、初期の(開拓)時代から、新し い物を発明することと、発明品をより大きく、品質を改善し、より安価にしようとする ことに大きな関心を抱いてきたからだ。 今日ほとんど全てのアメリカ人が、子どもであれ、大人であれ、道具を使うのが好きで、 家のあらゆるものを作ったり修繕したりするのが得意である。 これがアメリカ人の創意工夫として有名なものである。それから、それは今日疑いなく 存在するので、それがこれまでもずっと存在してきたと考える傾向があるのだ。 このアメリカ人の創意工夫というものは、イギリスと鎖で繋がれていたのだが、1776年 の独立後すぐに姿を現し、効果が出始めたのだと信じられてもいるのである。これらの 考えは両方とも間違いである。
Sorry, my assistant told me 200mW 532nm Green Laser{set}(LG-200-532) didn't work work when testing. Do you mind if i send your order next month? As Chinese Festival is coming, factory was off work.
Your honor, this case is not about mythology. It's about the mental competency of a man,that man, Kriss Kringle. Everyone in this courtroom, if they were honest with themselves, would have to conclude, based on the evidence, that Mr.Kringle, regrettably, is insane. As a sworn guardian of the laws of the State of New York, as a citizen and a father, ☆it is my wish that Mr.Kringle, who masquerades as Santa Claus, a figure of benevolence and generosity, but who does so solely for profit.
"I want to be the best surf photographer in the world," I told my dad, lying in bed. That was my way of saying,"Listen, I know my surfing days are over...". He just nodded, "I am sure you will be," and tried to smile. I am sure he knew what it meant as well. But before I got out of the hospital, I changed my mind and started thinking about going surfing again. I was feeling better; there were so many people coming to see me and trying to encourage me. Every time I would wake up and look around, there were more presents, and more flowers in the room---at least for the first minute or two. They wanted to see the same Bethany they had known before---and frankly I looked pretty changed. So I quickly set them straight; I was the same person on the inside. The doctor encouraged us by saying, "The list of what Bethany will have to do differently is long, but the list of what she will be unable to do is short.". A lot of my friends privately thought my days as a stand-up surfer were over. Some people even thought I might be afraid to go back in the ocean ever again. But my dad said to me, "Bethany, I am sure you can do whatever you put your mind to." I had a few weeks of healing and recovery before I could give surfing with one arm a try. The doctor ordered me to stay out of the water until everything healed up. I set s deadline for myself; Thanksgiving Day.
The day before Thanksgiving, some friends from the Hanalei girls`surf team were going to go surfing. I decided I would go down to the beach and just watch ...but of course, I could not stand just to do that. Alana and I walked into the surf together just like we did on that early Halloween morning. It felt so good to step into the warm surf and taste the salty water that came over me. It was like coming back home after a long, trip. I had come so close to losing all these things that I loved so much forever; the ocean, my family, and my friends. I was not afraid of being attacked by a shark. I did not even think about it. My whole mind was just on catching a wave and getting up on my feet. My first couple of tries did not work; I could not get up. I have to admit I was a little discouraged. My dad, who was in the water with me, kept shouting, "Bethany, try it one more time!". So I did. Then it happened. A wave rolled through, I caught it, put my hand on the board to push up and I was standing. Once I was on my feet, everything was easy. It is hard for me to describe the joy I felt after I stood up and rode a wave in for the first time after the attack. I was very thankful and happy inside. The tiny bit of doubt that would sometimes tell me "You will never surf again" was gone in one wave! Even though I was all wet, I felt tears of happiness running down my face.
宜しくお願いします。 A Picture Paints a Thousand Words You've undoubtedly heard the phrase "a picture paints a thousand words" numerous times. Nutrition education has long proven this idiom to ring true through the use of food models and pictures to depict such things as portion sizes. Likewise, symbols such as a heart, checkmark or apple are often used on restaurant menus to denote choices that meet specific nutrition or health guidlines.
The primary role of food guides, whether in the United States or around the world, is to communicate an optimal diet for overall health of the population. Wheter a star, a chalice, a square or a pyramid graphic is used, all are meant to improve quality of life and nutritional well-being in a simplified and understandable way. Key Concepts for Dietary Patterns: ・Total diet, rather than nutrients or individual foods should be addressed. ・Dietary guidelines need to reflect food patterns rather than numeric nutrient goals. ・Various dietary patterns can be consistent with good health.
Margaret Dell is 96, but you’d need to check her birthday to believe it. Sporting a baseball cap with a famous motorcycle company sign on it, she drives for her seventy-something friends who no longer feel comfortable behind the wheel. Last winter snow nearly kept her from her drive. She took a shovel and cleared a path to her car. Driving keeps Dell young. That and knitting. She always knits. She makes baby socks, caps, and so on for friends and family whenever a baby arrives. Driving, knitting… and tennis. She plays two or three times a week. She has a much younger doubles partner who “covers the count. I’m a little afraid to run too much because of my leg problems,” she explains. When she was in her 80s, she played in a doubles tournament. It required that the ages of both partners add up to at least 100. Her partner was in his early 20s; they won the tournament.
A lifetime non-smoker and non-drinker, Dell lives alone in a two-story house, and her bedroom is on the second floor. “I could stay on the first floor, but I try to make myself walk up those stairs and keep going that way.” She buys her own groceries; don’t even ask if you can shop for her. At home she likes a chicken or turkey sandwich for lunch. If she eats at the country club after tennis, she usually finishes only half and saves the rest for dinner. Driving, tennis, knitting… and eating chocolates. She keeps them in a drawer by her easy chair. “I am very bad about those chocolates,” she confesses. “And I love those little ice cream things. I take one before I go to bed.
How does science explain someone like Margaret Dell? Scientists are obsessed with the question of why some people live very long. They want to understand why the Japanese islands of Okinawa are home to the world’s largest populations of people with long lives , with about 700 of its 1.3 million people living into their second century. Many of them are active and look decades younger than they really are. Experts are trying to understand the biological factors that allow some people to live to be 100 while others drop off in their 70s or 80s. Scientists are particularly interested in determining which factors allow up to 30% of them to reach 100 in sufficient mental and physical health. “It’s not `the older you get, the sicker you get, ’ but `the older you get, the healthier you’ve been,’” a doctor says. “The advantage of living to be 100 is not so much how you are at 100 but how you got there.”
It’s pretty obvious that how you get there depends partly on the genes you are born with and partly on lifestyle ―what and how much you eat, where you live and what types of stress you experience. How much depends on each factor was not known until Swedish scientists dealt with the problem in 1998.
They did it by looking at the only set of people who share genes but not lifestyles : identical twins who were separated at birth and grew up in different places. If gene were most important, you would expect the twins to die at about the same age. In fact, they don’t, and the average difference convinced the scientists that only about 20 to 30% of how long we live is determined by genes. The dominant factor is lifestyle. You can’t change your genes, but you can change what you eat and how much you exercise. “The lesson is pretty clear in terms of what the average person should be doing,” says an American doctor . “I strongly believe that with some changes in health related behavior, each of us can earn the right to have at least 25 healthy years beyond the age of 60. The disappointing news is that it requires work and will-power”.
@The term “World Englishes” is used to express the English spoken by people throughout the world. Their English has become different from Standard English because of cultural influence. Foe example, people in India often add “kind” to phrases like “your kind information,” “your kind encouragement” and so on. When they ask your name, they will say, “May I have your good name, please?” Perhaps, their English reflects the Indian value of respecting good manners.
AWhen one language becomes dominant, a different set of questions arises. Will the influence of English be so strong that it will permanently change the character of all the other languages in the world? And could English kill off all the other languages altogether? A world in which there is only one language left ----a linguistic disaster on an unprecedented scale---- is a scenario that could in theory happen within 500 years.
Sustainable Sterling is a renewed effort directed toward greening the campus and infrastructure of Sterling College. This initiative, started in 2004, challenges our college community members to live in accordance with the College’s mission statement, as well as educate visitors about sustainability efforts on campus. Through Sustainable Sterling projects, we hope that Sterling College can model appropriately scaled and regionally suitable sustainable living practices – the idea behind grassroots sustainability.
Since the time of its establishment, Sterling College has been consistent in its attempts to lessen its ecological impact on the earth. We started our recycling and energy conservation programs in the 1970s and 80s and have gradually increased our use of Sterling-grown and locally grown foods in our dining hall through the last decade. Sustainable Sterling is a renewal of that commitment.
The Japanese have always borrowed words, first from the Portuguese and Dutch who landed in trading ships in the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, but since the end of the Second World War so many new words have been added to the Japanese vocabulary -more than 20000 by some estimates- that some fear the language will lose its identity.
World Trek ENGLISH COURSE LESSON6-1 @How many hours a day do you watch TV? AOn average,Japanese people watch TV for about three and a half hours a day,according to a survey. BIn modern society,a lot of information is available through the mass media such as TV,newspapers,magazines,and the Internet. CThis is very convenient because everybody can get information easily and quickly. DWe often take it for granted that the news stories we see on TV or in the newspaper are true. EWe imagine that the evidence and data are honestly collected,and that the sotry is reported in a fair way. FBut are the stories so reliable? GIt is doubtful whether the media are always telling the truth.
Mr Mubarak has already held talks with Saudi King Abdullah amid reports Cairo is putting increasing pressure on Hamas leaders to accept a truce proposal.
One day, a father elephant is told that he will not live much longer. He stop going to work. He wants to spend all the time that is left to him with his family. The family spends some happy days together, but soon they have to say good-bye. Aflet the father dies, the mother and the children are sad and lonely. Sometimes they cannot help crying, but they feel that their father is still watching them from the sky. This is the story of a cartoon called "Zou no Senaka." There is also a picture book edition of the story. A movie was made, too. In many ways, "Zou no Senaka" has touched the hearts of many people. Why do people like this story so much? These days stories and songs about death and separation seem to be attracting a lot of attention. The song "Sen no Kaze ni Natte" is an example of this. Its CD has sold more than one million capies. This song tells us that the people we love do not simply disappear when they die. It makes us believe that they are always with us. These stories and songs also remind us how wonderful it is to be with our family and friends. The original writer of "Zou no Senaka" says, "By thinking about death, I want people to think about the importance of living."
お願いします Material victories have their time and place, but they must always remain secondary to man's spiritual conquests, conquests principally of himself. 2つのconquestsはコンマをはさん同格で使われているって解釈でいいんでしょうか
Mrs. Palin accomplished several things last night. First, she introduced herself and her story to the American people in a compelling and warm manner, complete with effective pictures of her proud family. Secondly, she praised John McCain's leadership, service to country and independence in a way that made him come alive. Thirdly, she effectively deflected the media and liberal criticism of her by saying they really represented an attack on the small-town and suburban values she grew up with. Lastly, she skewered Barack Obama with gusto but without meanness. Her line about her job as a small-town mayor being "sort of like a 'community organizer,' except that you have actual responsibilities" brought the hall to its feet in a frenzy.
Some hard-bitten political observers I know were uncharacteristically impressed with the Palin speech. Hal Stratton, a former Attorney General of New Mexico, wrote to me as follows: "That's what we out west call openin' a whole can of whip a— on your opponents."
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The humanists were Renaissance scholars who believed that each species must follow its natural inclination. Dogs must bark, hens must lay eggs, and birds must sing. People must develop their potential through the STUDIA HUMANITAS−that is, the Humanities. Since the Renaissance, the humanities have been a traditional part of education in the West. The humanities cover language, art, music, history, an philosophy. This study program exposes student to the wisdom of the past, and builds their character. In the past, American students who planned to attend college studied the humanities at the Latin grammar schools. Those who prepared for careers in business or commerce attended the academies. The first Latin grammar school in the U.S. was founded in Boston in 1653. One hundred years later in Philadelphia, Benjamin Franklin opened the first academy. This great American statesman insisted that the United States needed technical schools which would prepare young men for practical careers.
続きです。 The American high school is a unique creation. Unlike the schools in Europe and Asia, it combines the traditional curriculums of the Latin grammar school with the practical curriculum of the academy. Today high school students choose from a wide selection of subjects which range from the humanities to driver’s education, from computer science to dramatics, from foreign language to dance. American high schools are not class-oriented. Education is free to all students. The money to support the public schools comes from taxes, usually property taxes. American high schools have no entrance examinations. Students are automatically admitted as soon as they have successfully completed the study program of the elementary school. The curriculum in the American high schools is not controlled by the Federal government in Washington, D.C. Each of the fifty states sets its own requirements for primary and secondary education.
翻訳依頼箇所: The very general use which is made of potatoes in these kingdoms as food for man is a convincing proof that the prejudices of a nation, with regard to diet, however deeply rooted, are by no means unconquerable.
(OF COURSE, Mr. Obama offers a great deal more than being not a Republican.) There are two sets of issues that matter most in judging these candidacies. The first has to do with restoring and promoting prosperity and sharing its fruits more evenly in a globalizing era that has suppressed wages and heightened inequality. (Here the choice is not a close call.) Mr. McCain has little interest in economics and no apparent feel for the topic. His principal proposal, doubling down on the Bush tax cuts, would exacerbate the fiscal wreckage and the inequality simultaneously. (Mr. Obama's economic plan contains its share of unaffordable promises, but it pushes more in the direction of fairness and fiscal health.) Both men have pledged to tackle climate change.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle described the liberal arts the proper study program for free man. In the Middle Ages, the liberal arts covered seven branches of learning : grammar(how to read Latin), rhetoric(how to speak and write Latin), logic(how to present a convincing argument), geometry, music, astronomy, and arithmetic. During the Renaissance, the Humanists insisted that liberal education should include all disciplines. Today liberal arts refer to a general education with courses in the arts, the social sciences, the natural sciences, and the humanities. Recently the enrollments at the liberal arts colleges have been declining. More students are attending the universities, because they have a wider selection of courses. By definition, a university is an institution of higher learning which grants undergraduate and graduate degree. It includes a liberal arts college (for undergraduate degrees), a graduate school (for graduate degrees) and professional schools (for graduate degrees). In addition to the larger course selection, advanced undergraduate students at a university are permitted to take some graduate courses.
The universities in the U.S. bear some responsibility for the trend towards more specialization. They have encouraged the proliferation of new disciplines. Some modern majors such as gender studies or dance are just as impractical as the traditional liberal arts degree. Others, such as the paralegal program or physical therapy, have direct practical applications. At least, graduates in these fields can find a job in their area of specialization. Today many students have come to the sad conclusion that a liberal arts degree has little practical value in the competitive job market. Given the high cost of tuition, a college education must be more than an investment in knowledge. It must enable the graduate to find a job. When selecting a major, students must make a difficult choice. Is it better to choose a practical major that you dislike or an impractical one that you like? Or, to ask the question in broader terms, is education an investment in knowledge or in practical skills? Can it be both?
1文が長すぎてよくわかりません・・・お願いします。 although he showed up late and lookede through his notes for more than a minute before beginning to speak, the professor proved to be an interesting and intelligent speaker, proving that first impressions are sometimes not correct.
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すいませんが、どなたか和訳お願いします。 1 Alfred Bernhard Nobel is known to many people as the founder of the Nobel prizes.Before founding the Nobel prizes, he invented dynamite and other powerful explosives and made a lot of money from manufacturing these substances and other businesses. Nobel’s businesses made him well-known, but he was a quiet man who usually chose to be by himself. He never married, and he did not live long in one place. The headline in the newspaper announced the death of Alfred Nobel on April 13, 1888.The reporter called him a salesman of death, “The Dynamite King,” because he invented this powerful explosive. The newspaper story continued, giving Alfred Nobel’s age, nationality, and other information about his business. However, the words “The Dynamite King” were all that the 55-year-old Swedish man read. Alfred Nobel sadly put down the newspaper. No, he wasn’t dead – his brother Ludwig had died the day before, and the French newspaper made a mistake. All the same, Alfred Nobel was upset. Was this the way the world was going to remember him? He did not like that idea at all. He had spent his life working for peace in the world. He hated violence and war. He had invented dynamite to save lives – lives that were lost because other explosives were dangerous to use. He wanted people to remember him as a man of peace. The mistake the newspaper made had a lasting effect on Alfred Nobel, leading him to establish the Nobel prizes.
すいませんが、どなたか和訳お願いします。 2 Alfred Bernhard Nobel was born on October 21, 1833, in Stockholm, Sweden. He received schooling in Russia, where his father, an inventor and engineer, worked for a time. Nobel also spent two years studying in France and the United States. Later, in Sweden, he began to experiment with explosives. In 1867, Nobel received a patent for dynamite, and a few years later he produced an even more powerful explosive called blasting gelatin. In all, Nobel held more than 100 patents. Nobel’s invention of dynamite happened at a perfect moment in history. Many countries were beginning to build railroads and tunnels, and they needed a safe, powerful explosive to construct railroad tracks through mountains. People also needed explosives to blow up stone in order to construct buildings, dams, and roads. It was for these peaceful uses that Alfred Novel invented dynamite. Moreover, he believed that if all countries had the same powerful weapons, they would see how impossible war was, and wars would end. In fact, this was a popular idea of his day.
すいませんがお願いします。 3 Alfred Nobel’s dynamite business had made him a very rich man and brought him into the public eye. It was around this time that the French newspaper made the mistake of announcing Alfred’s death. Nobel was very upset about the image that the world had of him, as written in the newspaper. However, he did not know what to do about it. He thought about this problem for years and tired to think of the best way for people to use after his death the $9 million he had made and saved. Finally, in 1895, he came up with an idea. In that year, an adventurer named Salomon August Andree made plans to go to the North Pole. People all over the world were excited about Andree’s journey. When Nobel read about Andree’s plan, he finally knew what to do with his money. He wrote his last Will and Testament. In his will, he told people to use all of his money − more than $9 million − for an annual award to honor men and women of any nationality who help humankind in some outstanding way in five fields: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. Alfred Nobel died on December 10, 1896, at the age of 63, and the first Nobel prizes were awarded in 1901. And these prizes soon became the greatest honor that a person could receive in these fields. The amount of each prize was more than $40,000 at that time and is more than $1 million today. In addition to the prize money, each Nobel prize winner (called a Nobel laureate) receives a diploma and a gold medal.
すいませんがお願いします。 1 How oxygen was discovered If they must, animals can go for weeks without food. They can go for days without water. But without oxygen they die in a few minutes. Plants, too, need oxygen to keep living. Only a few bacteria can live without oxygen.
In the 1600’s an English scientist, Robert Boyle, found that “something” in the air is needed for life. He placed a mouse in a large jar. He closed the jar tightly so that no more air could get in. In a short time the mouse began to have difficulty breathing. Soon it was dead. In another jar Boyle placed a burning candle. Again, he sealed the jar tightly. In a few minute the flame went out. Burning as well as breathing seemed to use up “something” in the air. In 1774, Joseph Priestley, an English scientist, discovered that the “something” was oxygen. He found that things burned more brightly n oxygen than in plain air. And when he breathed some of this oxygen, his breath felt “light and easy.” He found that oxygen had no color, smell, or taste. Priestley reported his results to a French chemist, Antoine Lavoisier. Lavoisier tested these results with his own experiment. It was Lavoisier who named the newly discovered gas oxygen.
すいませんがお願いします。 2 Oxygen is all around you. It makes up about one fifth of the air. (Most of the rest of the air is nitrogen.) Oxygen combines with almost all the other elements. In rocks it is combined with such elements as silicon and aluminum. It makes up one half the weight of all rocks on earth. In water it is combined with hydrogen and makes up nine tenths of water’s weight. In living creatures oxygen is combined with hydrogen, carbon, and other substances. In a human being it makes up two thirds of the body weight. At normal temperatures oxygen combines with other elements very slowly. When oxygen combines with other elements, new substances, called oxides, are formed. Energy is released, usually as heat. The combining process is called oxidation. There are two kinds of oxidation: slow oxidation and rapid oxidation. The rusting of iron is a common example of slow oxidation. As iron combines with oxygen, iron oxide is formed. (This is the brown rust that breaks off in thin pieces.) Heat is given off − but in such tiny amounts that it cannot be felt. This is because oxygen is combining so slowly with the iron. The burning of wood, coal, and other fuels is rapid oxidation. Energy is released in the form of heat and light. Fuel burns only when its temperature is increased in the first place. Take a candle as an example. A flaming match must be held to the wick. From then on, the heat given off by the burning candle allows the burning to continue until either the candle or most of the oxygen is used up.
すいませんがお願いします。 3 Respiration Oxidation goes on all the time in living creatures. Food is the fuel of living cells. As food is oxidized, energy is released. This energy is used for moving the body and for building new body substances. Some energy escapes as heat. The slow oxidation in living creatures is often called internal respiration. Land plants and animals get oxygen from the air. Most water plants and animal use the oxygen in the water where they live. Very small animals take in oxygen through their body surfaces. Larger animals take in oxygen through special groups of cells, such as gills or lungs. In people, for example, oxygen is breathed in through the lungs. From the lungs, oxygen passes into the bloodstream and is carried to all parts of the body. The breathing process supplies the cells with oxygen for respiration.
>>549 の続きです。お願いします。 The supply of oxygen Respiration and all other kinds of oxidation keep taking oxygen away from the air. Still, the supply of oxygen never seems to get used up. In his experiments Joseph Priestley discovered that plants have something to do with the earth’s supply of oxygen. Later, scientist discovered that green plants use light to make food from carbon dioxide and water. This process is called photosynthesis. As plants make food, only oxygen is given off. Plants give off oxygen when there is light; the process of photosynthesis does not happen in the dark. Scientist believe that when the earth first excited, there was no oxygen in the air. Slowly clouds of water vapor formed. Then ultraviolet radiations from the sun may have broken apart the water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen. (Water molecules are made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.) Without the green plants, however, this oxygen would have been used up.
It is worthwhile looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves toward her baby. The usual fondling,hugging and cleaning need little comment,but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting tells a lot. Careful American studies have shown that 80 percent of mothers hug their infants in their left arms,holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked to explain the signficance of this prefence,most people reply that clearly this is because there are more right-handed people in the population. By holding the babies in their left arms,the mothers keep their right arms free for use.
In other words, if possession-orientated comploments are experienced as more face-threatening than others −which seems feasible since they focus on things which are in theory transferable from complimenter to recipient−then men certainly use more potentially face-threatening compliments than women.
翻訳依頼箇所: India will have to compromise; but perhaps not much. America has told Mr Singh that its Congress would probably grant approval even if the deal had been undercut in India by costing the UPA its parliamentary majority. Congress might even swallow concerns about discrepancies with the Hyde Act, the law it passed in 2006 to limit some of the damage the deal would do to the non-proliferation regime.
1 I (had never talked) to an American student before I went to America last summer. 2 He (had just gone) out when I called him this afternoon. 3 I (will have seen) that movie five times if I watch it on TV tonight. 4 I found the key that I (had lost) the other day. 5 He (will have been) in London for three years next month.
1 The room is being painted green (by him). 2 His birthday cake was being made (by them) when we arrived. 3 All the tickets had been sold out before noon. 4 The new stadium will be completed b next month.
You will often find that the same story is reported differently in each one. Among the information in news reports,pictures have an important role. We tend to believe that what is presented in a photo is real. However,photos can be edited depending on the intention of the editor.
@Perhaos you have heard the expression "media literacy." AThis means the ability to look at the information in the media critically,and use it as a communication tool like language. BIn order to acquire media literacy,you must be careful not to become a passive receiver of information. CFor example,when you read the newspaper or watch TV news,try to think about and examine issues for yourself. DIt is also a good idea to communicate your own opinions to your family or friends. EYou can even express your ideas by using the Internet. FThe media have evolved a long way. GThey will always be evolving,becoming more vivid,convincing and powerful. HAs a result,they will have an even greater influence on people's minds and lives in the future. ISo it is getting more and more important to learn how to make use of the media in order to understand our world.
most op-amps are basically the same. they consist of a difference-amplifier input stage followed by one or more high-gain amplifier stages which in turn drive some form of output stage. in this chapter we shall analyze these individual circuits and explore the fundamental properties of the overall op-amps.
112 :おさかなくわえた名無しさん:2009/01/31(土) 03:14:44 ID:edUHid3o You have to provide a valid e-mail address, because a download link will arrive at this address. ↑ 誰かこれの和訳教えて下さい
The lowest temperature possible is minute 273 degrees Celsius(℃), or zero degrees Kelvin(K). Inthe early 20th century, a Dutch scientist, Heike Onnes, investigated the effect of the temperature of a metal wire on how it conducted electricity. He found that in a mercury wire at 4.1K (the same as minus 269℃), electricity flowed without losing any energy. In another experiment using a lead wire at 4K, he started an electric current, removed the source of the current, and found that the current was still flowing at the same strength a year later. This could be compared to a river that keeps flowing on a flat surface without the effect of gravity. Heike Onnes called this state superconductivity, and materials in this state are called superconductors. Onnes was awarded the Novel Prize in Physics in 1913.
Later,in 1991,he opened a clinic in Dara-e-Noor,an area with high mountains in Afghanistan.Until he came, people there did not have any access to medical services.
Deferred success, person who is hearing-impaired – are these phrases in any current dictionary? Where did they originate ? Does anyone actually use them ? While our media frequently charged with dumbing down and our teenagers with being inarticulate , and perhaps both accusations have merit , some of our leaders are busy creating a whole new vocabulary .
Listen to political speeches these days and you’ll find yourself having to spontaneously translate newly-combined words from your own language . It could be the Minister for Education finding reasons why our children are now leaving school without having mastered simple arithmetic [they’re motivationally-challenged] , or someone from the Department or Transportation explaining why the differently-abled are still denied access to numerous subway lines .
All politicians seem to be semi-fluent in double-speak.
@Patricia Moore loved drawing and painting when she was a child. AAfter she graduated from high school,she majored in art at university. BThere she decided to become an industrial designer because she thought she could make the most of her talent in this profession. CSo she got a job at a well-known design company in New York after graduation. DShe was the youngest person there,and she worked very hard every day. ESoon selected as a member of a big project,she was proud of her succes. FOne day,however,when Pat was designing the interior of a ship's cabin,she suddenly remembered her grandfather. GThen a thought came into her mind. H"All these designs are indeed stylish and beautiful. IBut would elderly people feel comfortable here?"
1. We should maintain a balance in our environment. We should learn how to use fertilizers and pesticides wisely, and keep our rivers, lakes, streams, and ponds clean.
2. One of the greatest advances in modern technology has been the invention of the computer. Computers can be used for various purposes. They have even made it possible to make tiny translating machines. These enable people who do not share a common language to talk to each other.
1.It is often said that science made great progress in the 20th century. 2.The poet's love of nature is known to a lot of people in the world. 3.This road leads to Oxford. 4.An hour's drive along the beach will bring you to a big harbor.
1. Helen was sure that she would be promoted to branch manager, but the boss chose one of her co-workers instead. All the other employees in the department told Helen that she was the one who really deserved the promotion, but that didn’t help her deal with the terrible disappointment.
2. The main lesson we learn in school is how to get along in the world. Different subjects are merely means to this end. In the old days, it was thought that a school had only to make children learn to read, write, and do arithmetic, and memorize a certain number of facts about the world.
Robert Costanza is a man of hope. As an ecologist at the University of Maryland, he knows that the human race continues to cause destruction to our environment. Instead of giving up, however, he and other scientists have taken a new practical approach to the fight to save the environment. They look honestly at the realities of economics and human needs and seach for new ways to keep the planet's biodiversity safe. Constanza's work focuses on understanding the economic value of ecological systems, such as filtering water and providing natural resources. Because these "ecosystem services" have no traditional market value, their protection is often ignored. To show the economic advantages of conservation, Constanza and others are attempting to calculate the worth of ecosystem services - their "dollar value." As one conservation biologist explains, "Assigning values, even if they are not exact, helps make it clear that losing this stuff will cost us a lot." This approach was successful in New York City. A study of "ecosystem services" calculated that building a water treatment plant would cost between six and eight billion dollars. Instead, the city will spend 1.5 billion dollars protecting land that has always filtered its water naturally. More and more, these scientists are finding that economic arguments work well in the fight to save the environment.
At the Royal Botanic Gardens in London, scientists have set themselves an impressive challenge: collecting and storing seeds from all the flowering plants of Great Britain. According to Roger Smith, director of the Millennium Seed Bank, it's possible; indeed the seeds from 60 percent are already in hand. "In part, that's because these are small islands with relatively few species, but it also shows what can be done." In a building nearby are the Seed Bank's cold rooms, where the temperature is minus 20℃. The seeds are kept cold and dry, which will preserve them for at least 200 years. "That buys us some time to understand the effects of worldwide plant loss - and the time, I hope, to restore or ssave them," says Smith. Now the Seed Bank scientists have set their sights still higher: collecting 10 percent of the world's plants by the year 2010. "We're losing ecosystems worldwide at a phenomenal rate - and when they go, the plants go. This gives us the possibility of restoring them at some future date." No one knows, of course, when that date might be. That's why a key part of the Seed Bank is storing seeds. "the goal," he adds, "is not to have seeds sitting in the cold in little foil packets. It's to see the plants again in the wild."
The challenge you are facing now -- tackling this new school -- is a crossroad in your life, and if you cannot even try testing your footing on this new, statistically proven surer road to success because it might be too demanding, then you have already -- at a very young age -- started the pattern that twenty or thirty years from now will lead you to say "life passed me by."・・・
Much other matters far more : confiding, relying ,sharing, giving, getting, enjoying ; a sympathetic ear always there ; criticism when it can help; praise -- even if only because it would help.
The nasal stops are pronounced as separate syllables when they appear before a plosive, and prenasalized stops are decomposed into two syllables when the word would otherwise have one.
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@"My grandfather could not use this latest-style bathroom,"she thought. A"And that she began to ask herself at her workplace,"Is this designed for everybody? BHave we thought enough about the needs of elderly or physically callenged people? CPat finally decided to go back to university,this time to study more about the needs of elderly people? DBut the more she studied,the more she realized how much she did not know. E"However hard I study in the classroom,there is a limit to my knowledge.[ FI must become 85years old myself!"she concluded. GSo Pat visited her friend Barbara Kelly,who was a make-up artist. HShe asked Barbara to make her look like an 85-years-old woman. IBarbara was surprised at her request at first but soon understood what her friend wanted to do. JAfter the make-up was completed,Barbara said,"Look at yourself,Pat". KIn the mirrow Pat saw a complete stranger,an old woman looking back at her!
In the FIN_WAIT_2 state we have sent our FIN and other end has acknowledged it. Unless we have done a half-close, we are waiting for the application on the other end to recognize that it has received an end-of-file notification and close its end of the connection, which sends us a FIN. Only when the process at the other end does this close will our end move from the FIN_WAIT_2 to the TIME_WAIT state. This means our end of the conneciton can remain in this state forever. The other end is still in the CLOSE_WAIT state, and can remain there forever, until the application decides to issue its close.
many berkeley-derived implementations prevent this infinite wait in the FIN_WAIT_2 state as follows. If the application that does the active close does a complete close, not a half-close indicating that it expects to receive data, then timer is set. if the connection is idle for 10 minutes plus 75 seconds, TCP moves the connection into the CLOSED state. A comment in the code acknowledges that this implementation feature violates the protocol specification.
The World trade organisation estimates that there is currently excess demand in the trade finance maket of up to $23 billion. It has convened meetings of export credit agencies and banks to try and get the market going again , and the World Bank's private-sector wing ,the International Finance Corporation , will double the ceiling on trade guarantees available under its trade facilitation programme to $3 billion.
Others are stepping in , too : The Reserve Bank of India has more than doubled the funds it makes available for banks to refinance export credit at favourable interest rates to $4.5 billion. Still Pascal Lamy , who heads the WTO, says that he expects the situation to deteriorate further. The Japanese and German export figures , grim as they are , may just offer a taste of the broader slowdown in trade is under way.
Users of SPM equipment learned early on that many of the same supplies and other items needed for mounting and manipulating samples for electron microscopy were also the ideal solution for similar problems involving samples being examined by one of the scanning probe methods.
Question: The Japanese Finance Minister, Mr Shoichi Nakagawa, has resigned yesterday because he was apparently drunk at the G7 meeting. What do you make of his miserable behaviour and what do you make of the miserable Japanese economy now?
Prime Minister: Well I am looking forward to meeting the Japanese Prime Minister and whoever is the Finance Minister when it comes to the G20 meeting. We will be meeting all the time, I don’t think there will be time off for many of the events that you are talking about that happened in Rome.
Your Finance Minister has actually been very ambitious in some of the things he has recommended, as has your Prime Minister to the world community and I do look forward to working with Japan, particularly its proposals to strengthen the international financial system.
それと最後の方 Question: My question is again regarding to the Japanese Finance Minister – I am sorry. In terms of responsibility do you think it is natural for him to step down and if Mr Alistair Darling did the same thing, what is your action for that?
Prime Minister: This was obviously one of the more interesting of Finance Ministers meetings. I certainly never experienced such publicity of a meeting when I was Chancellor of the Exchequer. But you wouldn’t expect me to comment on the Japanese Finance Minister’s personal decision to offer his resignation, that is a matter for him.
Invented in the latter part of the 19th century, automobiles were originally produced at a great cost to the individuals buying them, which created a wealth gap separating those who could afford a car and those who could not. In the days when the average American worker was making only $2.50 a day, it was inconceivable to think that the lower class of working Americans could even dream of owning a car that cost several thousand dollars.
Your so amazing baby 君の酷いわがままも The hot summer blazing 夏の日差しのみたいだよ Why don't we run in to the shady しょうがないからつきあう Can I get you a drink and lay on the beach ジュースはここに置いとくからちょっと横になってもいいかな
This is far away from concrete streets, だいぶ調子のいいこと書いたけど Go ahead and kick your feet in to the sand and let me hold your hand いい加減素直になれよ いいからその手に触れさせてくれ
Back in the days あのころは thing used to be so simple あんなやり取りも平気だった just you and me now gentle だけど今は君も俺もいい大人だ
タイトルは「you now what time is it?」です。 とんでもない勘違いかもしれませんけど 手直しよろしくお願いします。
1.Rubber doesn't break when it's hit because it's extremely resilient. 2.Neither copper nor zinc nor tin are alloys of other metals. 3.Nitrogen is essential or life, since it's needed in the formation of proteins. 4.Harogens occur at halide. 5.A white precipitate appeared. 6.Oxygen will freeze provided it's cooled to a low enough temperature.
A child discovers before he is a year old that an object which he sees and which is then taken away continues to exist,and in time will return. This is the first great step of human development, when out-of-sight ceases to be out-of-mind. Several years later in this life,the child takes the second and greater step. He now makes an image of the absent thing,and is able to use the image to think himself into unknown situation.At that moment,he enters the gateway to all imaginative thought and this includes the processes of thought which we use in reasoning.
At the venue, Fukuhara, who is widely recognized even in China, received a big ovation from the crowd during player introductions prior to the competition. The crowed also cheered her on during her match, shouting “Go Fukuhara Ai!” After handling a local TV interview in fluent hinese, Fukuhara’s excitement was evident. “I’m so happy,” she said. About her dream pairing with Wang Nan, she commented, “Wang did eighty percent of the work today. In the world championship I represented Japan and she represented China, so it felt a little strange to be playing together as a doubles pairing.” Fukuhara is quite familiar with China. For the past six year, Liaoning has been her practice base, and she considers it a second home. She is fluent in Chinese, and has developed her skills by practicing with top local players, which has made her a popular figure in China.
At the World Table Tennis Championships in Shanghai held in April and May 2005, aithough she failed to get beyond the best 16, the local media followed her progress every day. And prior to the start of the championships, she played a role in fostering goodwill between the two nations, she was appointed a “people’s ambassador” by the Chinese ambassador to Japan. For Fukuhara, who will be trying for a medal at the Beijing Olympics, her participation in the Chinese Super League provides her with a place to develop her skills. “Politics and sports are different. China is the place that has helped me develop since I was little,” she said. And while Fukuhara may view herself first as a table tennis player, many others have high hopes that she will serve a role as a bridge between China and Japan.
和訳お願いします。 Please send the 02 venue the following request. You can use your own words, or use this actual email. Do not ask anyone on the forums and internet to do the same, because there might be a number of fans that actually WANT a seated show and then they might send emails requesting the opposite of what we want.
If you know fans that you KNOW also want a standing floor section, ask them to send an email to the 02 aswell.
和訳お願いします。 your success as a researcher thus depends not just on how well you gather and analyze data, but on how clearly you report your reasoning so that your readers can test and judge it before making your claims part of their knowledge and understanding.
A:no asian B;whats ur problem australia is in asia u are asian too.
A:no im not asian i hate asians
B:haha u hate urself because u too a asian.australia=Asia =Asians.
C:astralia is not in asia u retard
B:australia is in asia noob ....go check wiki noob...n australia is not white at the 1st place. have u forgeten white in aust are which decendent of?i dun need to say it . u already know it a shameful fact.what is the problem being asian...?? do u want talk about civilization i bet u dont challenge the fact.good day. stop the racist nonesense u can comment else where is u want to talk racist.
B:plus u are not white y u care....i don need to say about urs afro came from... it more worst fact then australia history..lucky i am asian i know my manners. i can write an essay if i wan too about ur history origin.
Kawai Yuki is an 18-year-old volleyball player. She was chosen as a member of Japan's national team for the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup 2007 when she was still a high school student. She is a setter. The role of a setter is not only to set the ball up for the spikers. As a setter, she was to lead the team and control the game. At first, she was nervous to play on the national team. But soon, she got used to it and could play as usual. Pressure doesn't seem to bother her. Yuki has several strong points. Yuki sets balls up softly like floating balloons. They are easy for spikers to hit. She also can set a ball quickly. She can set balls up in different ways for different spikers. However, she has another strong point. Her former coach says, "She does not get upset. She is calm even on the world stage." Now her goal is to become like Takeshita Yoshie, the captain and setter of the national team. Yoshie played in the Athens Olympic Games. She watches the game and team members carefully, and sets a ball quickly. Yuki has a lot to learn from her. "I used to watch Olympic volleyball games on TV. Now I play in the games as a member of the national team. I hope I can impress people with my play," said Yuki. She is looking forward to playing in the Olympic Games.
This might seem to be a strange letter , but once you see what I'm trying to do , maybe it will not sound so strange. First off , I have a 16-year-old son who is fairly bright. No genius you understand , but a lot smarter than I am in math and such.
和訳お願いします。 He's trying to grow up and figure out himself and his world a little. A bit overweight , a little shy , without a lot of self-confidence. He's going to be a junior this coming fall , so college is not far away. He'd love to get into some good school , but with his grades the way they are that could be a problem. Whatever he wants to do is fine with me , as long as he does it to the best of his ability.
和訳お願いします。 Martin ,that's his name , sees the basic stuff as too easy for him and hence it's beneath him to hand in the routine day -to-day assignments. He'd rather be doing the neat , fun stuff that the rest of the class never gets to do. The trouble is that grades come from doing the routine stuff , not the exotic stuff , so his grades are down.
They were dreaming of golden beaches as the gray, cold spring of New York vanished behind them.
"I said, `Martha, I understand if you can't stay married to me.` I said i was going to be away a long time, and that if she couldn't stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, if it hurt her too much, well, she could just forget me.
Part1 Today, there are thousands of dying languages in the world. As for 426 of them, only a small number of elderly people speak them. As for 52 of the dying languages, just one native speaker is alive. Eyak is one of them. Eyak comes from an old language spoken near the Yukon and Tanana rivers in Alaska 3000 yeas ago. The Eyak, a Native American people, lived by fishing salmon and hunting seals. In the middle of the 19th century, they numbered a few hundred and spoke a language of their own. Now the Eyak language is likely to die out in an apartment building in Anchorage, Alaska. Marie Smith Jones, a white-haired Eyak woman, lives in the apartment. Aged 81, she is hard of hearing. Since 1993, when her sister died, Marie has been the last Eyak that can speak Eyak fluently.
Part2 Is the death of languages a thing to care about? Some people believe that diversity in languages has done a lot of harm to human beings. In the Congo, for instance, where more than 200 languages are spoken, people have often suffered from civil wars. Imagine all of the Congo’s 50 million people speaking the same language. There might be no war. Other people are opposed to that opinion. They say speaking different languages doesn’t cause wars. If people are ready to accept other peoples’ ways of living and thinking, there might de no war. The death of languages is not good for the health and happiness of human beings. When a languages dies, useful information about local plants and animals dies with it. Many modern medicines have come from such information.
Part3 Globalization is probably helping to cause the death of languages. English, especially, is becoming increasingly important all over the world, while languages of small minorities are likely to die. But languages, unlike people, can be brought back to life. The last fluent speaker of Miami died in the 1960s, but Daryl Baldwin has revived the language. In the early twenties, when he was a university student, he came across his ancestral language. He taught himself the vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation of Miami, and then he brought the language into his home. Now the Baldwins have a rule. Whenever possible, they speak only Miami among themselves. About 80 percent of the vocabulary his 3-yea-old daughter has is Miami. Other Miami people are joining Baldwin’s effort, doing things like producing a CD-ROM to teach Miami to children.
Part4 It is, however, very difficult for a few individuals to fully a language. Governments need to help them. The Coptic language was used by the Copts, native Egyptians, till the Arabs came to Egypt in the 7th century. Some Coptic Christians in Egypt have been trying to revive its use in their homes for many years. However, it is difficult for them to spread it because Arabic is now Egypt’s official language. Kamal Farid Ishaq speaks Coptic at home. He also has a group of people to speak the language with. “When the Jews founded their own country again in 1948, they revived the Hebrew language. It was because the government helped,” Ishaq says. “If the government feels Coptic is the identity of Egypt and help to teach it at school and universities, the language will spread.”
Part5 In the past, some Western government helped to silence hundreds of languages. The Australian government, for example, attempted to “civilize” the Aborigines by giving them Western schooling and forcing them to use English. Likewise, in the United States, Native Americans were forced to use nothing but English. In the years, however, the trend has been reversed. In Australia, the government is now helping to revive Aboriginal languages. Kaurna, a language that died out in 1927, is now taught in university, and 50 people can speak it fluently. But for such success stories, many languages are inn danger. Marie Smith Jones has come to accept the fact that she is the last speaker of Eyak. Still, she refuses to give Eyak up. She says, “I have this strong feeling: Eyak may come back. You may laugh at my dream, but I feel it will come true.”
Tuvalu is now in a critical stage of its long history. The people will lose their homeland if global warming continues. This means that a unique culture that took thousands of years to build will not be passed on to future generations. Can you imagine losing your homeland forever? Such a tragedy may happen to us in the future, if we do not act quickly. The future of Tuvalu and the earth is in hands.
Part1 At the begining of her career as a professional musician , Abbie Conantwas in Italy , playing for the Royal Opera of Turin . This was in 1980. That summer , she applied for eleven openings for various orchestra jobs thoughout Europe . She got one reponse : The Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. "Dear Herr Abbie Conant ," the letter began . In retrospect , that mistake should have set off an alarm in Conant 's mind. The audition was held in the Deutsches Museum in Munich . There were thirty-three candidates and each played behind a screen , which made them invisible to the selection committee. Screened auditions were rare in Europe at that time , But one of the applicans was the son of sometims in one of the Munich orchestras , so , for the sake of fairness , the Philharmonic decided to make the audition blind . Conant was number sixteen.She played Ferdinand David's Konzertino for Tromborn , which is the usual audition piece in Germany , and missed one note (she cracked a G). She said to herself , That 's it , and went backstage and started packing up her belongings to go home.
But the commitee thought otherwise . They were amazed . Trained cjassical musicians say they can tell whether a player is good almost instantly - sometimes in just the first few bars - and with Conant they knew. After she left the audition room , the Philharmonic's music director , Sergiu Celibidache , cried out , "That 's who we want !" Somebody went backstage to find Conant . She came back into the audition room , and when she stopped out from behind the screen , she heard someone shout , "Was ist'n des? Meine Goetter!" They were expecting Herr Conant . This was Frau Conant . It was an awkard situation , to say the least . Celibidache was a conductor from the old school , a proud and strong -willed man with very definite ideas about how music ought to be played - and about who ought to play the music. What's more , this was Germany , the land where classical music was born. To Gelibidance , a woman could not play the trombone. The Munich Philharmonic had one or two women on the violin and the oboe. But those were "feminine" instruments. The trombone was masculine. It was the instrument that men played in military marching bands.
Conant joined the orchestra , and Celibidache was extremely upset. A year passed. In May of 1981 , Cmant was called to a meeting. She was told that she might be demoted to second trombone. No reason was given. Conant went on probation for a year , to prove herself again. It made nf difference. At the end of the year , she was demoted. "You know the problem ," Celibidache told her. "We need a man for the solotrombone." Conant had no choice but to take the case to cour. The orchestra argued , "Conant does not possess the necessary physical strength to be a leader of the trombone section." Conant was sent to a medicical clinic for extensive testing . Her lungs were extremely strong. The nurse even asked if she was an athlete. The case dragge oo. The orchestra claimed that Conant's "shortness of breath was clearly obvious " in her performance of the famous trombone solo in Mozart's Requiem , even though the guest conductor of those performamces had singled out Conant for praise. A special audition in front of a trombone expert was set up. Coant played seven of the nost difficult passages in classical music. The expert said she was incredible. The orchertra claimed that she was unreliable and unprofessional. It was a lie. It was a lie. After eight years , she was reinstated as first trombone.
The world of classical music - particularly in its European home - was until fairly recently only for white men. Women , it was believed , simply could not play like men. They didn't have the strength , the character , or the ability for certain kinds of pieces. Their lips were different. Their lungs were less powerful. Their hands were smaller. But over the past few decades , the classial music world has undergone a revolution. In the United States , orchestra musicians began to organize themselves. They formed a union and fought for proper contracts , health benefits , and along with that came a push for fairness in hiring . An official audition committee was established instead of a conductor making the decision all by himself. Screens were erected between the committee and the auditioner. As these new rules were put in place around the country , an extraordinary thinghappened :orchestras began to hire women. In the past years , screens have become commonplace , and the number of women in the top U.S. orchestras has increased fivefold. In Europe , too ,more and more women have been hired in major orchestras. The efforts and struggles of pioneer women like Abbie Conant have paid off at last.
On the way back, Maggie suggested that the have their photo taken on their wedding day. Hugh only had one pound, but he wanted to make Maggie happy. Hugh knocked on the door of a photo studio. They explained their situation to the shop owner. The owner kindly told them that he could take a photo for them and would keep it until they came back with five pounds. Maggie and Hugh promised that they would come back, and had their photo taken.
和訳と違って恐縮ですが、 The owner kindly told them that he could take a photo for them and would keep it until they came back with five pounds. もしかしてこのwouldとcouldは単に時制の一致として(作者に合わせるんでしたっけ)過去形になってるだけで、 仮定法とは縁もゆかりもない表現なのでしょうか?
Today I'm not a child any more, and I'm worriedbabout our are responsible for their environment.Butare we facing up to our responsibility? I'm afraid we aren't.In my country, the number of salling,but we don't stop fishing for them.
コージ:There may be some problems with cloning animals, but you'd allow the clonig with cloning animals, but you'd allow the clonig of plants, wouldn't you? キャロル:Actually,I'm against it. Cloning destroys the natural environment. コージ:Are you serious? I think human beings are animals that change the environment. キャロル:I think so, too. But we must use cloning thechnology with care. You certainly don't agree with human cloning, do you? コージ:I'm definitely against that. But I think it would be OK to allow cloning of other animals and plants. How about cloning animals that are about to become extinct? キャロル:That's ridiculous. It's almost always human beings' fault that those animals are disappearing. It would be better to make efforts to restore their original environment for them. コージ:You're absolutely right. But what about cloning livestock, for example? It may be possible to solve food shortages by cloning lost of cattle. I think there are various ways cloning technology can be used.
I remember a summer night whensuch a thought came home to me. It was a clear night without a moon With a friend, Iwent out on a flat part of the island, being all but surrounded by the waters of the day. There the horizons were distant rims on the edge of space. We la and looked up at the sky and the millions of stars blazing in darkness. The night was so still that we could hear the buoys trembling beyond the mounth of the day. Once or twice, a word spoken by someone on the far shore was carried across on the clear air. a few lights burned in cottages. Otherwise ther was no reminder of other human life; my companion and i were alone with the stars. I have never sees them so beautifu: the misty river of the Milky Way flowing across the sky, the patterns of the consellstions standing out bright and clear, a blazing planet low on the horizon. Once or twice a meteor burned its way into the earth's atmosphere. It occurred to me then that if we knew this was one of the sights never to be seen again, or maybe only in a century, or even once in a human lifetimes, this littl, flat island would certainly be filled with curious spectators. However, assuming meteors could be seen many scores of nights in any year, the inhabitants probably would not give a thought to the irreplaceable beauty existing overhead. Thinking you could see it any time wil deprive you of the real chance to appreciate its beauty for what it's worth.