Chemists actually use many different systems of nomenclature. We will introduce the systematic method of IUPAC nomenclature here because it provides a logical approach to designating and drawing organic compounds. Common names and other systems for naming organic substances will be introduced in subsequent parts of the textbook.
The fundamental criterion for naming a structure by the IUPAC system is the choice of a parent name.
The longest continuous sequence of carbon atoms in the molecule is the basis of the parent name for aliphatic hydrocarbons.
The parent name is derived from a root word, typically of Greek origin, which indicates the number of atoms in the longest continuous chain. For example, a sequence of five atoms is named by using the root pent- while one of ten atoms is named by using the root dec-.
The ending -ane is added to the root word to complete the parent name for an alkane.
*nomenclature 命名法 IUPAC system IUPAC方式 aliphatic hydrocarbon 脂肪族炭化水素 criterion 基準 subsequent 続いている,続く parent name 主鎖の名称 continuous sequence of carbon atoms 一続きの直鎖状の炭素原子
Today might mark a milestone for you in the form of public recognition of some kind. Your clear, quick thinking and powers of observation have impressed others, sayaka, and today you may reap the benefits of all your hard work. These events might encourage you to seek other methods of advancing yourself - perhaps taking a few courses, or maybe even moving to a place where there are more opportunities in your field.
i thought it miight be the Japanese way anyway and i am more than prepared to honor that with you. along with any other customs. I think you are worth all of that.
I have felt dizzy for the people who can answer in the affirmative to the question "Do you have a dream?", because I know I am a powerless being. I have been thinking on the meaning of my life, after long inquiry how to live my life, I got a final solution, namely the answer is I should live for other people. Then new question has arisen. How should I live to live for others. I have been at a loss with this endless problem. Reality is that I can do nothing with the great hope to live for others. I am thinking of getting a job in the field where I can support the people fighting against poverty, segregation, and fear of war, so I can change the present situations.
As service and information sectors grow in the advanced economies, as manufacturing itself is computerized, the nature of wealth necessarily changes. While investors in backward sectors of industry still regard the traditional “hard assets” ―plant, equipment, and inventories―as critical, investors in the fastest growing, most advanced sectors rely on radically different factors to back their investments. No one buys a share of Apple Computer or IBM stock because of the firm's material assets. What counts are not the company's buildings or machines, but the contacts and power of its marketing and sales force, the organizational capacity of its management, and the ideas crackling inside the heads of its employees. The same is of course true throughout the Third Wave sectors of the economy ―in companies like Fujitsu or NEC in Japan, Siemens of West Germany, France's Groupe Bull, in firms like Digital Equipment, Genentech, or Federal Express. The symbolic share of stock represents, to a startling degree, nothing more than other symbols.
Beside one such letter Annie had written in a shaky arid somehow pathetic script entirely unlike her usual firm hard: Sticks stones will break my bones words will never hurt me. He fled to that well now, like a thirsty animal finding a waterhole at dusk, and he drank from it; which is to say he found the hole in the paper and fell thankfully through it.Beside one such letter Annie had written in a shaky arid somehow pathetic script entirely unlike her usual firm hard: Sticks stones will break my bones words will never hurt me. He fled to that well now, like a thirsty animal finding a waterhole at dusk, and he drank from it; which is to say he found the hole in the paper and fell thankfully through it.
"Brazilians claim cat gave birth to three puppies" というタイトルの新聞記事から一部抜粋しました。
She holds her cat Mimi together with "what she claims are Mimi's own offspring born with dog traits," three months after reportedly mating with a neighbor's dog, in the southern Brazilian city of Passo Fundo.
この文章の和訳と "what she claims are Mimi's own offspring born with dog traits," の部分の構造の説明をして頂けないでしょうか。 よろしくお願いいたします。
Organic chemistry deals with many compounds that are formed by a few elements, namely, carbon in sp, sp2, or sp3, hybridization states, along with H, O, N, S and the halogens, and less commonly B, Si, Se, P, Hg, and so on.The chemistry is mainly one of molecular compounds that are liquids or solids commonly soluble in nonpolar solvents, distillable, or crystallizable and normally stable to, though combustible in, air or oxygen.
We must not allow ourselves and our children to go soft in the middle,to lose their sense of direction and purpose.
The main reason kids are striking out in all sorts of inappropriate directions is that they are being confronted with too many choices too early in life.
Organic chemistry deals with many compounds that are formed by a few elements, namely, carbon in sp, sp2, or sp3, hybridization states, along with H, O, N, S and the halogens, and less commonly B, Si, Se, P, Hg, and so on. The chemistry is mainly one of molecular compounds that are liquids or solids commonly soluble in nonpolar solvents, distillable, or crystallizable and normally stable to, though combustible in, air or oxygen.
We must not allow ourselves and our children to go soft in the middle, to lose their sense of direction and purpose.
The main reason kids are striking out in all sorts of inappropriate directions is that they are being confronted with too many choices too early in life.
Recall that these propositions are assembled into a set denoted Prop = {P1,P2,...} and that a proposition P is ( defined as ) true in a state q if and only if P ∈ l(q).
The name of a normal alkane is identical with its parent name. The roots and corresponding names of normal alkanes are listed in table 2-2. The name of the normal hydrocarbon derived from the longest chain of carbonatoms is the parent name upon which further nomenclature is based.
The primary prefix cyclo- is placed immediately before the parent name to designate that the structure is cyclic.
For example, a parent C6 ring alkane is named as a cyclohexane.
A secondary prefix is employed to designate the structure of side-chain groups attached to the parent chain. Hydrocarbon side-chain structures are named by using the appropriate root name with a -yl ending.
A CH3 group attached to the parent chain is designated as methyl; a CH2CH3 group as ethyl; and so on. Alkyl is the general term used for an attached hydrocarbon group.
prefix 接頭辞 Ch3 group メチル基 CH3CH2 group メチレン基 side-chain groups 側鎖基 cyclic 環式 C6 ring alkane C6環状アルカン
Recall that these propositions are assembled into a set denoted Prop = {P1, P2,...} and that a proposition P is ( defined as ) true in a state q if and only if P ∈ l(q).
Recall that these propositions are assembled into a set denoted Prop = {P1, P2,...} and that a proposition P is (defined as) true in a state q if and only if P ∈ l(q).