My father's family name being Pirrip, and my Christian name Philip, my infant tongue could make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than Pip. So, I called myself Pip, and came to be called Pip.
Philip の冒頭の ph- は、もともと古典ギリシャ語では p という発音を強く発音して、 h という息の音(ハアッという音)をつけただけのものなので、単なる p という音に 限りなく近く聞こえる。だから、Philip を古典ギリシャ語式に発音すると、 「ピリップ」に近くなる。そうなると、Philip が Pip というふうに退化してもおかしくはないと 思います。
さらに、フィリピン人は自らのことを Pilipino(ピリピーノ)と呼んでいるはずです。 (うろ覚えなので、確かではありません。)フィリピン人たちの母国語である Tagalog などでは、f の発音がなく、それがすべて p に入れ替わっているようなのです。
さらには、韓国人に f の発音をさせようとすると、下手な人たちはそれをすべて p に 置き換えます。first は post と発音してしまいます。
このように、世界の諸言語と比べてみると、f がいかに p と混同されやすいかがわかります。 第一、音声学的に考えてみても、f の発音をしようとして、下唇をかむのを忘れると、 うっかりと p になってしまいますよね。このように、f と p はきわめて似ているようです。
だから、子供の Pip が Philip という発音を正確には発音できず、f を p にしてしまい、 さらには L を R にしてしまった結果として、 Pirrip になってしまったのは、自然なこと なんだと思います。
【My】 father's family name being 【Pirrip】, and 【my】 Christian name 【Philip】, 【my】 infant tongue could make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than 【Pip】. So, I 【called】 myself 【Pip】, and came to be 【called】 【Pip】.
(1) 全般的に、知的な大人の文体ではなく、わざと子供っぽい文体で書いているような 気がする。
(2) my を何度も繰り返しているところが、いかにも子供っぽい。少しばかり文章のうまい 大人なら、何度も my を繰り返すことはせず、なるべく言葉の調子に変化をつけるだろう。 しかし、Dickens はこのような、一見して稚拙に見える文体の中にも、詩的ともいえるほどリズミカルな いきいきした調子を与えていると思う。my を繰り返していながらも、だらだらした調子になることなく、 逆にリズミカルになっていて気持ちがよい。
(3) Philip や Pirrip や Pip のように、よく似た単語(名前)を何度も繰り返している 点も、上記の (2) と同じく、リズミカルだと感じさせる。
(4) 第一文にある and や、第二文にある so も、やはり子供らしい稚拙な言い回しなんだろう と思う。
課題 I give Pirrip as my father's family name, on the authority of his tombstone and my sister, Mrs. Joe Gargery, who married the blacksmith. As I never saw my father or my mother, and never saw any likeness of either of them (for their days were long before the days of photographs), my first fancies regarding what they were like were unreasonably derived from their tombstones.
>>8 の一行目 and my sister, Mrs. Joe Gargery, who married 【the】 blacksmith.
ここで、初出の blacksmith(鍛冶屋)という言葉に、いきなり the がついている。 通常ならここは "a blacksmith" になるはずだ。これをあえて "the blacksmith" にする ことにより、あたかもこの小説の冒頭が、本当の語り始めではなく、この小説の始まる前から この語り手が誰かに向かって話を続けていたかのような印象を与えているような気がする。
あるいは、小説によくある、初出なのに the をつけたがる傾向をそのまま踏襲しただけだとも 言える。たとえば有名な Orson Wells の映画 "The Third Man" でも、いきなり the をつけている。通常なら "A Third Man" と言ってもよさそうなところに the をつけることにより、読者に「えっ?どの third manなの?すでにそれについては みんな知ってるの?私は知らなかったんだけどな〜。どんな third man なの?」と 疑問を抱かしめる。
この "Great Expectations" の冒頭の数行目にいきなり出てくる "the blacksmith" も、 やはり、すでに語り手としては「例の、僕の父親がわりになってくれた、あの blacksmith」 と心に思いながら語っているものだから、ついつい "the blacksmith" というふうに the をつけてしまったとも言える。
この likeness という言葉を「肖像画、写真」という意味で使うのは、19世紀くらいまでであって、 現代では(つまり、たとえば30年前から今まででは)、そういう意味ではあまりこの言葉は 使わず、「肖像画」という意味でははっきりと "a picture, a painting, a portrait picture" などと言い、「写真」という意味でははっきりと "a photograph, a photo, a picture" などと言うのではないかと思う。(僕の思い込みかもしれないけど。)
Yes, good man!―thought Emma―but what has all that to do with taking 【likenesses】? You know nothing of drawing. Don't pretend to be in raptures about mine. Keep your raptures for Harriet's face. "Well, if you give me such kind encouragement, Mr. Elton, I believe I shall try what I can do. Harriet's features are very delicate, which makes 【a likeness】 difficult; and yet there is a peculiarity in the shape of the eye and the lines about the mouth which one ought to catch."
課題 From the character and turn of the inscription, "Also Georgiana Wife of the Above," I drew a childish conclusion that my mother was freckled and sickly. To five little stone lozenges, each about a foot and a half long, which were arranged in a neat row beside their grave, and were sacred to the memory of five little brothers of mine,ーwho gave up trying to get a living, exceedingly early in that universal struggle,ーI am indebted for a belief I religiously entertained that they had all been born on their backs with their hands in their trousers-pockets, and had never taken them out in this state of existence.
To five little stone lozenges, I am indebted for a belief I religiously entertained that they had all been born on their backs with their hands in their trousers-pockets, and had never taken them out in this state of existence.
課題 Ours was the marsh country, down by the river, within, as the river wound, twenty miles of the sea. My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things seems to me to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening. At such a time I found out for certain that this bleak place overgrown with nettles was the churchyard; and that Philip Pirrip, late of this parish, and also Georgiana wife of the above, were dead and buried; and that Alexander, Bartholomew, Abraham, Tobias, and Roger, infant children of the aforesaid, were also dead and buried;
課題続き and that the dark flat wilderness beyond the churchyard, intersected with dikes and mounds and gates, with scattered cattle feeding on it, was the marshes; and that the low leaden line beyond was the river; and that the distant savage lair from which the wind was rushing was the sea; and that the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry, was Pip.
課題 "Hold your noise!" cried a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church porch. "Keep still, you little devil, or I'll cut your throat!" A fearful man, all in coarse gray, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head. A man who had been soaked in water, and smothered in mud, and lamed by stones, and cut by flints, and stung by nettles, and torn by briars; who limped, and shivered, and glared, and growled; and whose teeth chattered in his head as he seized me by the chin. "Oh! Don't cut my throat, sir," I pleaded in terror. "Pray don't do it, sir." "Tell us your name!" said the man. "Quick!"
課題続き "Pip, sir." "Once more," said the man, staring at me. "Give it mouth!" "Pip. Pip, sir." "Show us where you live," said the man. "Pint out the place!" I pointed to where our village lay, on the flat in-shore among the alder-trees and pollards, a mile or more from the church. The man, after looking at me for a moment, turned me upside down, and emptied my pockets. There was nothing in them but a piece of bread.
続き When the church came to itself,―for he was so sudden and strong that he made it go head over heels before me, and I saw the steeple under my feet,―when the church came to itself, I say, I was seated on a high tombstone, trembling while he ate the bread ravenously. "You young dog," said the man, licking his lips, "what fat cheeks you ha' got." I believe they were fat, though I was at that time undersized for my years, and not strong. "Darn me if I couldn't eat em," said the man, with a threatening shake of his head, "and if I han't half a mind to't!"
課題 When the church came to itself,―for he was so sudden and strong that he made it go head over heels before me, and I saw the steeple under my feet,―when the church came to itself, I say, I was seated on a high tombstone, trembling while he ate the bread ravenously. "You young dog," said the man, licking his lips, "what fat cheeks you ha' got." I believe they were fat, though I was at that time undersized for my years, and not strong. "Darn me if I couldn't eat em," said the man, with a threatening shake of his head, "and if I han't half a mind to't!"
課題続き I earnestly expressed my hope that he wouldn't, and held tighter to the tombstone on which he had put me; partly, to keep myself upon it; partly, to keep myself from crying. "Now lookee here!" said the man. "Where's your mother?" "There, sir!" said I. He started, made a short run, and stopped and looked over his shoulder. "There, sir!" I timidly explained. "Also Georgiana. That's my mother." "Oh!" said he, coming back. "And is that your father alonger your mother?" "Yes, sir," said I; "him too; late of this parish."
ところで最後の章の「友達」ってあれどういうことだろうな。 "And will continue friends apart," 読んでる途中の人に悪いから暈かすが、あの二人がこれから恋愛とか夫婦関係になる、と読んでる人も多いが、 あくまで離れても「友達」でいましょうね、ということと読み方も出来ると思うが。 末尾の"I saw no shadow of another parting from her." の読みも分かれるところだろうなあ。
課題 "Ha!" he muttered then, considering. "Who d'ye live with,—supposin' you're kindly let to live, which I han't made up my mind about?" "My sister, sir,—Mrs. Joe Gargery,—wife of Joe Gargery, the blacksmith, sir." "Blacksmith, eh?" said he. And looked down at his leg. After darkly looking at his leg and me several times, he came closer to my tombstone, took me by both arms, and tilted me back as far as he could hold me; so that his eyes looked most powerfully down into mine, and mine looked most helplessly up into his.
課題続き "Now lookee here," he said, "the question being whether you're to be let to live. You know what a file is?" "Yes, sir." "And you know what wittles is?" "Yes, sir." After each question he tilted me over a little more, so as to give me a greater sense of helplessness and danger. "You get me a file." He tilted me again. "And you get me wittles." He tilted me again. "You bring 'em both to me." He tilted me again. "Or I'll have your heart and liver out." He tilted me again.
>>30 >>"the question being whether you're to be let to live.
この囚人は、しゃべりっぷりから見て、たぶんスコットランド人だと僕は今のところ見ているけど、 それはともかく、このような非標準的な、あまり知的でないと思われるしゃべり方をしているのに、 being というような分詞構文を使っているところが面白いと思う。もしかしたら、19世紀の イギリスでは会話の中で分詞構文を使うのはごく普通だったのかもしれないし、スコットランド人の 話し言葉では特にそうだったのかもしれない。その点については、僕はよく知らない。
それはともかく、19世紀の小説を読んでると、話し言葉の中でもよく分詞構文が使われているように思う。 少なくとも、Thomas Hardy, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen をちらちら読んでいると、 そんなふうに思える。この点についても、僕はまださほどたくさんは読んでないし、注意深く 検討しているわけでもないので、今のところは断言はできない。
>>52 Who d'ye live with? は現在形だと思われるけど、もしも今から囚人が Pip を殺すと 決めた上で言う言葉だとしたら、"Who did you live with?" とはっきり過去形にするかもしれない。 ただしスコットランド人だと思われる彼の方言では、did がどのように発音されるかは知らないけど。
"We are 【friends】," said I, rising and bending over her, as she rose from the bench. "And 【will continue friends apart】," said Estella. I took her hand in mine, and we went out of the ruined place; and, as the morning mists had risen long ago when I first left the forge, so the evening mists were rising now, and in all the broad expanse of tranquil light they showed to me, 【I saw no shadow of another parting from her】.
friends という言葉や、それに相当するヨーロッパの諸言語での言葉は、たぶん lovers とは はっきりと区別されていて、肉体関係や恋愛感情を伴わない関係を意味するものだと思う。 だからここで "(We) will continue (= remain) friends apart." と言っているのは、 「肉体関係は持たず、恋愛感情も持たないように努力しながら、あくまで友達ということにしましょ」 と言っているのだと僕は思う。もしここで肉体関係を持ってしまうと、大変なことになる。 それから、friends のあとに apart を付けているのは、"even if we may be apart" と かいう意味ではなく、friends を後ろから修飾したような意味合いじゃないかと思う。 つまり、「私たちは(常に一緒にいる恋人というようなものではなく)"距離を置いた友達" で いましょう」という意味ではないかと思う。違うかな?これについてよく知っている人がいたら、 ぜひ教えてほしい。
課題 I was dreadfully frightened, and so giddy that I clung to him with both hands, and said, "If you would kindly please to let me keep upright, sir, perhaps I shouldn't be sick, and perhaps I could attend more." He gave me a most tremendous dip and roll, so that the church jumped over its own weathercock. Then, he held me by the arms, in an upright position on the top of the stone, and went on in these fearful terms:—
このビデオの 23'00" から 25'30" において、若き Dickens にとっていとこの Mary Hogarth がいかに大切な存在であったかをいろんな学者が述べている。Dickens と Mary はお互いに 深く理解しあってたが、Mary が17歳のとき、突然に病気に倒れて死んでしまう。23'40" あたりで、 あるディケンズ専門の学者が次のように言っている。(僕の聴き取りと書き取りなので、間違って たらすまん。)
My hypothesis is that Dickens fell in love with Mary Hogarth after she died and built her up as an ideal partner. And of course, once people die, they don't change. There she was; charming, beautiful, sympathetic, 17-year-old, supportive and helping in every possible way. It was none of the, uh, difficulties that arise when people are actually physical lovers.
課題 I was dreadfully frightened, and so giddy that I clung to him with both hands, and said, "If you would kindly please to let me keep upright, sir, perhaps I shouldn't be sick, and perhaps I could attend more." He gave me a most tremendous dip and roll, so that the church jumped over its own weathercock. Then, he held me by the arms, in an upright position on the top of the stone, and went on in these fearful terms:—
>>63 He remembers (forever) the man's face as so attentive, from that momentary glance, that he couldn't have remembered it as more attentive if the man had looked at him for a full day.
...But if (= even if) he had looked at me for an hour or for a day, しかし、仮に彼が僕を一時間とか一日中ぼくを見つめたとしても、
I could not have remembered his face ever afterwards as having been more attentive. 僕は彼の顔を、このときよりもさらに attentive(じっくりと僕を見つめている雰囲気のもの)として あとになっても忘れないでいるということはなかったろう。
課題 "You bring me, to-morrow morning early, that file and them wittles. You bring the lot to me, at that old Battery over yonder. You do it, and you never dare to say a word or dare to make a sign concerning your having seen such a person as me, or any person sumever, and you shall be let to live. You fail, or you go from my words in any partickler, no matter how small it is, and your heart and your liver shall be tore out, roasted, and ate.
課題続き Now, I ain't alone, as you may think I am. There's a young man hid with me, in comparison with which young man I am a Angel. That young man hears the words I speak. That young man has a secret way pecooliar to himself, of getting at a boy, and at his heart, and at his liver. It is in wain for a boy to attempt to hide himself from that young man.
課題続き A boy may lock his door, may be warm in bed, may tuck himself up, may draw the clothes over his head, may think himself comfortable and safe, but that young man will softly creep and creep his way to him and tear him open. I am a keeping that young man from harming of you at the present moment, with great difficulty. I find it wery hard to hold that young man off of your inside. Now, what do you say?"
>>69 (1) A boy 【may】 lock his door,【may】 be warm in bed, 【may】 tuck himself up, 【may】 draw the clothes over his head, may think himself comfortable and safe,
may が4回も繰り返されていて、通常なら稚拙ということになるけど、Dickens はそれを承知の上で このように書き、逆にリズム感を持たせている。
(2) I am 【a keeping】 that young man from harming of you at the present moment, with great difficulty.
"a keeping" は、もともとは確か "on keeping" ということであり、結局は keeping だけに するのと同じような意味になるけど、古い英語にはよく出てくるけど、現代に近い時代でも、方言として このような言い回しはしょっちゅう出てくる。
少年 Pip を脅かしていた囚人が警察につかまり、Pip の親代わりになっている Joe に 対して「あんたの pie を食っちまってすまねえ」と言ったら、Joe は囚人に対して、次の ような優しい言葉をかけている。
"God knows you're welcome to it,―so far as it was ever mine," returned Joe, with a saving remembrance of Mrs. Joe. "We don't know what you have done, but we wouldn't have you starved to death for it, poor miserable fellow-creatur.―Would us, Pip?"
She was dressed in rich materials,―satins, and lace, and silks, ―all of white. Her shoes were white. And she had a long white veil dependent from her hair, and she had bridal flowers in her hair, but her hair was white. (中略)
But I saw that everything within my view which ought to be white, had been white long ago, and had lost its lustre and was faded and yellow. I saw that the bride within the bridal dress had withered like the dress, and like the flowers, and had no brightness left but the brightness of her sunken eyes. I saw that the dress had been put upon the rounded figure of a young woman, and that the figure upon which it now hung loose had shrunk to skin and bone.
そこまで読んでみて、いろんな感想を持ったけど、そのうちの一つとして思うことは、 主人公の Pip の父親代わりになっている Joe Gargery(ジョー・ガーガリー)って、 すごくいい人だね。
Joe 自身が、暴力をふるう父親から育てられ、家庭環境が不安定すぎて学校には通えず、 そのため文字が読めない。そういう Joe は、心だけは清らか。職業は鍛冶屋。 典型的な労働者階級の家庭に預けられている孤児(みなしご)Pip は、彼自身も学校に 通えないけれども、独学で少しだけ字が書けるようになる。その成果を見せると、父親代わりの Joe は大変に喜ぶ。
(その2) Joe は叱らないが、「正直な生き方で偉くなれないんだったら、曲がった生き方でも偉くはなれないんだよ」 と優しくさとす。今回に限らず、いつも Joe は幼い Pip を大人の友達であるかのように 対等に接してくれるのだが、ますます Pip は Joe を心から慕うようになる。
Estella などの上流階級の人たちからは Joe は文字も読めないただの鍛冶屋かもしれない。 でも Pip は、心から Joe を本当の意味で偉い人だと再認識するのだ。
Charles Dickens は、12歳のときに父親が借金のせいで投獄され、その父親と一緒に暮らすため、 母親や兄弟たちはみんなその牢獄で、父親と共に暮らせたのだけど、12歳の長男である Charles だけは、一家の稼ぎ手として、まったく一人で工場に送り込まれ、そこで労働者階級の男の 子供や大人たちと共に寝泊りし、毎日、靴墨を作り続けた。
一年後、父親は借金を何とか返せたので、父親と残りの一家は牢獄から釈放された。そして 父親は、もう長男の Charles を工場から救い出してやろうと言うが、母親は「お金が必要だから、 あの子は工場で働いてもらいましょ」と言う。それで Charles は、そのあとも工場で働き続ける。
And sometimes, when her [Estella's] moods were so many and so contradictory of one another that I was puzzled what to say or do, Miss Havisham would embrace her with lavish fondness, murmuring something in her ear that sounded like "Break their hearts my pride and hope, break their hearts and have no mercy!"
Chapter XII では、主人公 Pip の父親代わりの Joe の職業である鍛冶屋 (blacksmith) の守護聖人(patron saint)である Pope Clement I を題材にした歌が出てくる。 この守護聖人を Old Clem と呼んでいる。
Hammer boys round―Old Clem! With a thump and a sound―Old Clem! Beat it out, beat it out―Old Clem! With a clink for the stout―Old Clem! Blow the fire, blow the fire―Old Clem! Roaring dryer, soaring higher―Old Clem! http://www.gutenberg.org/files/1400/1400-h/1400-h.htm
"Great Expectations"(大いなる遺産)という言葉は、この作品のタイトル以外の本文には、 8回、出てくる。最初は、Chapter 18 に4回だけ出てくる。匿名の財産家から依頼を受けた Mr. Jaggers という法律家が Joe Gargery と Pip のところに現れて、Pip が 「大いなる遺産」を受け継ぐ見込みであり、これからすぐに今の家と職業を離れて、大いなる 遺産を受け継ぐ見込みの gentleman としての教育を受けることになると伝えてくる。
(1) And the communication I [= Mr. Jaggers] have got to make is, that he [= Pip] has 【Great Expectations】.
(2) I am instructed to communicate to him (中略) that he will come into a handsome property. Further, that it is the desire of the present possessor of that property, that he be immediately removed from his present sphere of life and from this place, and be brought up as a gentleman,―in a word, as a young fellow of 【great expectations】.
(3) You will have no objection, I dare say, to your 【great expectations】 being encumbered with that easy condition.
(4) It would all come out in good time, I observed, and in the meanwhile nothing was to be said, save that I had come into 【great expectations】 from a mysterious patron.
I put out my hand, and Mr. Wemmick at first looked at it as if he thought I wanted something. Then he looked at me, and said, correcting himself,― "To be sure! Yes. You're in the habit of shaking hands?" I was rather confused, thinking it must be out of the London fashion, but said yes. "I have got so out of it!" said Mr. Wemmick,―"except at last. Very glad, I'm sure, to make your acquaintance. Good day!"
ロンドンを舞台にした Chapter 20 では、s や z の発音をすべて th に変えてしまう言語障害 の人が出てきて、まくしたてる。
"Mithter Jaggerth! Half a moment! My hown cuthen'th gone to Mithter Wemmick at thith prethent minute, to hoffer him hany termth. Mithter Jaggerth! Half a quarter of a moment! If you'd have the condethenthun to be bought off from the t'other thide―at hany thuperior prithe!―money no object!―Mithter Jaggerth―Mithter―!"
She drew an arm round my neck, and drew my head close down to hers as she sat in the chair. "Love her, love her, love her! How does she use you?" Before I could answer (if I could have answered so difficult a question at all) she repeated, "Love her, love her, love her! If she favors you, love her. If she wounds you, love her. If she tears your heart to pieces,―and as it gets older and stronger it will tear deeper,―love her, love her, love her!" Never had I seen such passionate eagerness as was joined to her utterance of these words. I could feel the muscles of the thin arm round my neck swell with the vehemence that possessed her. "Hear me, Pip! I adopted her, to be loved. I bred her and educated her, to be loved. I developed her into what she is, that she might be loved. Love her!"
"Oh!" she said. "Did you wish to see Miss Havisham?" "If Miss Havisham wished to see me," returned Mr. Pumblechook, discomfited. "Ah!" said the girl; "but you see she don't."
"There's one thing you may be sure of, Pip," said Joe, after some rumination, "namely, that lies is lies. Howsever they come, they didn't ought to come, and they come from the father of lies, and work round to the same...."
フランスから帰ってきた美しき Estella と待ち合わせて、Pip と話をしている場面。Estella は 実は、赤ん坊のときから Miss Havisham の養女として育ち、その家に近づく様々な奇妙な 人々の、上品さを装った悪徳を嫌というほど見せつけられてきた。Estella は、養母 Miss Havisham を "that imposter of a woman" (あの詐欺師女)とさえ呼ぶ。
"It is not easy for even you." said Estella, "to know what satisfaction it gives me to see those people thwarted, or what an enjoyable sense of the ridiculous I have when they are made ridiculous. For you were not brought up in that strange house from a mere baby. I was. You had not your little wits sharpened by their intriguing against you, suppressed and defenceless, under the mask of sympathy and pity and what not that is soft and soothing. I had. You did not gradually open your round childish eyes wider and wider to the discovery of 【that impostor of a woman】 who calculates her stores of peace of mind for when she wakes up in the night. I did."
"There is no doubt you do," said I, something hurriedly, "for I have seen you give him looks and smiles this very night, such as you never give to―me." "Do you want me then," said Estella, turning suddenly with a fixed and serious, if not angry, look, "to deceive and entrap you?" "Do you deceive and entrap him, Estella?" "Yes, and many others,―all of them but you."
("Great Expectations," Charles Dickens, Chapter 38, 1861)
chapter12 ミセス・ジョーの悔しがりかたが酷い。 罵詈雑言としての「黒人女奴隷」。 ここでもジョーはナイス。 Joe offered no answer, poor fellow, but stood feeling his whisker and looking dejectedly at me, as if he thought it really might have been a better speculation.
chapter14 “a strong sense of the virtue of industry” 真面目に精一杯働くこと。 贅沢するためでも威張るためでも復讐のためでもなく、 生きるに値する生を支え、実践し、それを証しするために。 おのずと自分の限界、至らなさも見えてくる。 生活するには知恵や我慢や喜びが必要だ。 仕事の厳しさは人に謙虚であることを教え、ときに自信を与える。 一国の盛時にはやはり説得的なテーゼがある。
"There was a conwict off last night," said Joe, aloud, "after 【sunset-gun】. And they fired warning of him. And now it appears they're firing warning of another."
このような無冠詞の Convict は、無冠詞の材料名詞とよく似た使われ方をしている、という ような説明を文法家はしているはずだ。たとえば The desk is made of wood. という場合の wood とよく似た使い方だ。このような "There was Convict. . . ." という 言い回しによく似た例として、他にはたとえば、次のようなものがある。
There was cat all over in the room. (部屋じゅう、猫の気配がたちこめていた)
O dear good faithful tender Joe, I feel the loving tremble of your hand upon my arm, as solemnly this day as if it had been the rustle of an angel's wing!
vol.2のchapter1、2−1 ピップ、ロンドンに到着。 I think I might have had some faint doubts whether it was not rather ugly, crooked, narrow, and dirty. 大きいだけでなく禍々しい首都。 ジャガーズはこの巨大な見世物小屋の座長だ。
2−6 ウェミックの都市近在ホワイトカラーとしての身の処し方が好きだ。 年老いた父親への温かい眼差しと職業人としてベストを尽くす姿勢。 公私のけじめ、切り替えは、それぞれを大切にするということだ。 By degrees, Wemmick got dryer and harder as we went along, and his mouth tightened into a post-office again. ちょっと変わり者かもしれないが、優しく誠実な人である。
2−7 優しいとか意地悪とかいった属人的な評言を超えているのがジャガーズ。 彼はdeepなのだ。 “Molly,”said Mr. Jaggers, not looking at her, but obstinately looking at the opposite side of the room, “let them see both your wrists. Show them. Come!” ドラムルへの興味も同様。
2−7 ...life is made of ever so many partings welded together, as I may say, and one man's a blacksmith, and one's a whitesmith, and one's a goldsmith, and one's a coppersmith. Diwisions among such must come, and must be met as they come. If there's been any fault at all to-day, it's mine....
Yes, it is all my fault. Joe’s moving utterance quoted in >128 should be from Vol.2 Chapter8. Correction in chapter numbering: >128 2-7→>128 2-8
2−9 かつて2ポンドを渡して去っていった男と馬車で乗り合わせる。 男は囚人である。 “Good by, Handel!”Herbert called out as we started. I thought what a blessed fortune it was, that he had found another name for me than Pip.
2−10 Miss Havisham had seen him as soon as I, and was (like everybody else) afraid of him. She made a strong attempt to compose herself, and stammered that he was as punctual as ever. ミス・ハヴィシャムのstammerに比べれば、 ピップのエステラ関連のそれは純でかわいいものだ。 もちろんその是非はまた別のことだけれども・・・。
2−11 仕立屋の小僧、再登場。 精彩を放つとはこういうことだ。 He wore the blue bag in the manner of my great-coat, and was strutting along the pavement towards me on the opposite side of the street, attended by a company of delighted young friends to whom he from time to time exclaimed, with a wave of his hand, “Don't know yah!”
2−12 いっぺんでいいからこんなハムレット観劇をしてみたい。 木戸銭を払った以上は楽しみ倒さずにはおかないガラの悪い客として。 ...on the question whether 'twas nobler in the mind to suffer, some roared yes, and some no, and some inclining to both opinions said “Toss up for it;”and quite a Debating Society arose. ウォプスルさんは役者として名前が変わっている。 なんだかんだで午前二時まで管を巻く。
2−14 エステラはリッチモンドで暮らすことに。 お茶をしているインがエンターテイメント(笑) ピップにチクリの件を話すエステラ。 ポケットさんのところの赤ちゃんは大丈夫か? ...And more needles were missing than it could be regarded as quite wholesome for a patient of such tender years either to apply externally or to take as a tonic.
2−16 姉の葬式。 パンブルチュックの厭らしい振る舞い。 黙々と立ち働くビディ。 彼女を不当に扱うピップ。 This really is a very bad side of human nature! それでもベッドサイドからのビディの善き眼と健やかな耳は、 今際の際のミセス・ジョーの愛らしい仕草と言葉を記録してあげている。
2−17 ピップ、21歳になったがパトロンについては明かされず。 500ポンド、ゲット。 ピップはこの金をハーバート支援に回したいと考える。 ウェミックさんはここでもいいことを言う。 "Choose your bridge, Mr. Pip," returned Wemmick, "and take a walk upon your bridge, and pitch your money into the Thames over the centre arch of your bridge, and you know the end of it. Serve a friend with it, and you may know the end of it too, —but it's a less pleasant and profitable end." 橋尽くし。
2−18 ウォールワース城は楽しい。 奇矯さも含め、ここでの暮らしの愉快さ、 穏やかさ、相互信頼(ミス・スキッフィンズへのお触り付き)、 そうした人間らしいものにあふれた日曜日のために働いているのだ。 爺さんはなかなかの人。 Curious to know how the old gentleman stood informed concerning the reputation of Mr. Jaggers, I roared that name at him. He threw me into the greatest confusion by laughing heartily and replying in a very sprightly manner, “No, to be sure; you're right.” And to this hour I have not the faintest notion what he meant, or what joke he thought I had made. ポカンとした馬鹿が幸せになれるほど世の中は甘くない。
2−19 エステラとピップはSatis Houseへ。 ミス・ハヴィシャムに反抗するエステラ。 …“mother by adoption, I have said that I owe everything to you. All I possess is freely yours. All that you have given me, is at your command to have again. Beyond that, I have nothing. And if you ask me to give you, what you never gave me, my gratitude and duty cannot do impossibilities.” もっともであるというより、やっぱり物凄く悲しい。
The Finches of the Groveでドラムルとエステラを巡る諍い。 バカバカしいのが紳士同盟だ。 The Tale of Genji、じゃなくてTales of the Genii。
2−20 ピップ23歳。 陰鬱な雨風の夜に、ついにあの方の登場。 ピップのほうは彼の顔などちっとも覚えてはいなかった。 がしかし、記憶は甦るのだ。 Even yet I could not recall a single feature, but I knew him! If the wind and the rain had driven away the intervening years, had scattered all the intervening objects, had swept us to the churchyard where we first stood face to face on such different levels, I could not have known my convict more distinctly than I knew him now as he sat in the chair before the fire. それはともかく、お金を燃やすのはやめてもらいたい。 もったいない。 執念というか妄執の産物という意味でピップとエステラは同型。 海、船、あらし。
3−2 ピップはマグウィッチをどうするか、ハーバートと相談。 遺産相続は放棄するとしても、彼の命は守らなければということになる。 ピップは兵役も考えるが親友は自分のいる会社への就職も選択肢だ、と。 ここでちょっと恩着せがましい内心をチラ見せするのは微妙な所作だ。 Poor fellow! He little suspected with whose money. そりゃそうだろうが、ハーバートに落ち度はないと思う。
3−3 マグウィッチの因縁話。 “Low”であることの苛烈さ。 これは最近の日本でもじわじわと理解されやすいものになっている。 つまりはNo chanceということ。 コンピソンみたいなブラック企業家に使い捨てされるわけだ。 悲しかな、“戦後”という時空はゲームオーヴァーになり、 久しぶりに?Class societyという黒雲が日本全土を覆っている・・・。 それはともかく、ここでの話の筋としてはハーバート・メモが重要だ。 “Young Havisham's name was Arthur. Compeyson is the man who professed to be Miss Havisham's lover.”
3−4 Satis House への途中立ち寄ったブルーボアでドラムルと鉢合わせ。 難題を抱え天気も冴えない中、最悪の人間と同じ空気を吸う不快感。 読むふりをする故郷の古新聞は、そんなピップの有り様であり心模様だ。 Pretending to read a smeary newspaper long out of date, which had nothing half so legible in its local news, as the foreign matter of coffee, pickles, fish sauces, gravy, melted butter, and wine with which it was sprinkled all over, as if it had taken the measles in a highly irregular form...
3−5 勝手にパトロンだと思い込んでいたのはピップの責任。 ミス・ハヴィシャムはたしかに悪い人だけど仕方ない。 エステラの心と体のチグハグさ、言表に対する不信、不感、不全感が、 ピップの思いが熱いだけにより浮き彫りになっている。 When you say you love me, I know what you mean, as a form of words; but nothing more. You address nothing in my breast, you touch nothing there.
3−10 炎を上げるミス・ハヴィシャム。 ...I saw her running at me, shrieking, with a whirl of fire blazing all about her, and soaring at least as many feet above her head as she was high. 彼女は一体なにをしたのか・・・。
3−12 はじめてジャガーズが感情らしきものを見せるのだが、 その見せ方とひっこめ方が良い。 やはりウェミックとのコンビネーションが良いのだ。 "Now look here my man," said Mr. Jaggers, advancing a step, and pointing to the door. “Get out of this office. I'll have no feelings here. Get out.” “It serves you right,” said Wemmick, “Get out.”
3−13 ウェミックの手紙はミッション・インポッシブル(笑) 謎の手紙はどう考えても怪しげなのだが、 そこはちゃんと状況もピップの心理状態も丁寧に処理されている。 久々にパンブルチュックの名を聞く。 相変わらずムカつかせてくれるクズ野郎だ。 だが世間の評判などというのはそんなものなのだ。 “It would turn a man's blood to white wine winegar to hear him tell of it, sir,” said the landlord.
3−14 ついに僕の大好きな仕立て屋の小僧がやってくれました! といっても単に案内役で、主力はハーバートとスタートップなのだけれど。 ...and told him that I was sorry ever to have had an ill opinion of him (which made no impression on him at all). 善悪の彼岸というよりアナーキーな、ほとんど即物的な興味本位性。 見世物としての小説の楽しさと凄味。
3−15 テムズ川。 Again among the tiers of shipping, in and out, avoiding rusty chain-cables frayed hempen hawsers and bobbing buoys, sinking for the moment floating broken baskets, scattering floating chips of wood and shaving, cleaving floating scum of coal, in and out, under the figure-head of the John of Sunderland making a speech to the winds (as is done by many Johns), and the Betsy of Yarmouth with a firm formality of bosom and her knobby eyes starting two inches out of her head, in and out, hammers going in ship-builders' yards, saws going at timber, clashing engines going at things unknown, pumps going in leaky ships, capstans going, ships going out to sea, and unintelligible sea-creatures roaring curses over the bulwarks at respondent lightermen, in and out -- out at last upon the clearer river, where the ships' boys might take their fenders in, no longer fishing in troubled waters with them over the side, and where the festooned sails might fly out to the wind.
3−16 クレラのところの親父さんの言われ方。 “Not to say an unfeeling thing,”said I,“he cannot do better than go.” “I am afraid that must be admitted,”said Herbert... 対照的なのがウェミックのところの爺さん。 それにしてもミセス・ウェミックの堂々たるvioloncelloぶりはステキ。 イングランドのご馳走はなんといっても朝食(笑)