The way people talk should tell something about them, November 26, 2004
Why are those Japanese bashers so ignorant and barbaric? And why are those critical of Iris Chang more frequently educated and civil? This should tell something about Iris Chang too.
Iris Chang was a mouthpiece for the Chinese Cummunist Party, November 25, 2004
Iris Chang's "The Rape of Nanking" is a re-writing of "The Nanking Capture by Japanese Army-Occupation and Massacre" published in 1995 under the supervision of Chi Peng-fei, former deputy premier and foreign minister of the Red China.
Iris Chang's claims are exactly same as the Chinese Cummunist Party's.
Although she might not be a communist, the articles she wrote are exactly what Chinese government would wish to propagate in the world, especially USA.
How accurate was her book? by: flatusm 11/11/04 04:05 pm Msg: 104 of 328 2 recommendations
To me, many of the examples read like fever dreams, examples of what would happen if purely evil people with purely evil intentions had full reign to try and outdo one another in atrocity.
Real atrocity is more mundane and less elaborate. The beheadings in Iraq, or the machine gunnings at Mai Lai, for example. Even the Nazi medical experiments and death camp horrors were just getting on with business.
Rape, I understand. Soldiers gang-raping, sure. But what kind of a demento cuts a woman's breast off? Did the entire Japanese army consist of Jeffrey Dahmer / John Wayne Gacy types? I doubt it.
Now, I can possibly see that press-ganged soldiers that had been in miserable, crazy-making conditions for months, fighting against an enemy they had been propagandized to despise since childhood might, MIGHT be goaded into some of these bizarre actions.
But now that this woman has proven herself degenerate enough to leave her two year old without a mother over selfish depression, I question her research. It seems to me more likely the demons she wrote about were in her own head.
>>8 ↑上記の書き込みに対する返事 Re: How accurate was her book? by: brandre (60/M/York PA) 11/11/04 04:33 pm Msg: 164 of 328 3 recommendations
It depends on what you call accurate. The horror that the Japanese heaped on the chinese paled the horror the germans heaped on Jews.
Over 25 million Chinese were killed. In Nanking they were driven into the river to drown. The Japs have no idea how many they killed. They didn't care. They were not worth counting. Japan was the super race. All others were not worth living...
部分 To anyone who insists that there ARE plenty of eyewitness evidences, I strongly recommend to read the book "Eyewitnesses to Massacre" by Zhang Kaiyuan. This book consists of diaries and letters of Americans who remained in Nanking at the time of the city's capture and claimed to have "witnessed" those "atrocities". But, if you really, carefully read this book with no prejudice you should notice that those so-called "eyewitnesses" are all HEARSAY from Chinese people.
To me, many of the examples read like fever dreams, examples of what would happen if purely evil people with purely evil intentions had full reign to try and outdo one another in atrocity. 私が読んだところ、ここで紹介されている例は熱病にうなされた夢のようだ。 例として出ている事例は純粋に悪意を持った悪魔のような人達が故意に他の人達に対して 残虐の限りを尽くし、悪魔の支配をしようとしたような描写をされている。
Real atrocity is more mundane and less elaborate. The beheadings in Iraq, or the machine gunnings at Mai Lai, for example. Even the Nazi medical experiments and death camp horrors were just getting on with business. 現実に起こりうる残虐とは行政支配による機械的なものでこのように手の込んだ細かいものではない。 (翻訳難しい)イラクの首切りやMai Lai による虐殺、またナチによる医学実験や強制収容所も どちらかといえばもっとビジネスのように行われていた。
Rape, I understand. Soldiers gang-raping, sure. But what kind of a demento cuts a woman's breast off? Did the entire Japanese army consist of Jeffrey Dahmer / John Wayne Gacy types? I doubt it. 強姦?わかるよ。兵士のギャングレイプ、勿論。しかし一体どんな人が女性の乳房を切断するのだろう? まさか全ての日本軍がJeffrey Dahmer / John Wayne Gacy のようなものだったのかな?疑うね。
Now, I can possibly see that press-ganged soldiers that had been in miserable, crazy-making conditions for months, fighting against an enemy they had been propagandized to despise since childhood might, MIGHT be goaded into some of these bizarre actions. 多分長い間戦場にいて惨めに虐げられて、敵と戦っているいれば、そして子供の頃から洗脳されていたら もしかしたらそんな精神状態になり、(ここに上げられているような)悪行をするかもしれない。
But now that this woman has proven herself degenerate enough to leave her two year old without a mother over selfish depression, I question her research. It seems to me more likely the demons she wrote about were in her own head. しかし、今ここでうつ病になった彼女が2歳の幼児を母無しとしてこの世に残して自殺したことを見ると、 彼女のしてきたリサーチとは彼女の頭の中にあったものを書いたのではないかと思えてしまう。
"Iris Chang killed herself, because she was ashamed of being, " November 27, 2004
She caused so much troubles with Japanese People, and she felt guilty for lying about Nanking. She felt so guilty about it that she had to kill herself and she wanted to vanish from this world. We accept her apology and we are ready to forgive her crime.
The Rape of Nanking: How to fabricate hate., November 12, 2004 She died today. I don't know if it's coincidental or not that she committed suicide after suffering some years of a deep depression.
To me, Iris Chang's book is probably on the same page as Hitler, if not worse. Did she kill several million Jews? No. But the hate that she incites from her books is astounding.
Her book describes the tragedy of how Japanese people treated the Chinese during their World War II invasion. How cruel the Japanese people were, etc. Were the Japanese evil? Yes. Are the Japanese evil? I don't know and I really don't care. And I gurantee you that there are a lot of Japanese youth that share my same opinion. Her book started some movement to demand reparations from Japan for Chinese families that suffered. Now is there anything wrong with that? I'll let you decide that.
But there are several things I would like to know: Where is the book that talk about how the Chinese treated their own people?
Where is the the reparation for that? THERE IS NONE.
While there may still be Japanese soldiers alive from WWII, today - WWII has very little to do with the current Japanese society. WWII isn't going to happen again.
We shouldn't forget what happened - but at the same time, we don't need to write books like this to incite hate towards the Japanese people. Do you honestly think that people are going to read this book or the freaking back cover of this book and not generalize? There will be at least one person that will generalize their hatred towards Japanese people from that.
Books like these are propaganda. Propaganda has nothing to do with facts. You can quote facts all day and it won't change propaganda. Propaganda is misusing facts for a cause.
China is raising up the number of the war dead., November 20, 2003
Why America's largest trading partners are not its close neighbors, Canada, Mexico or Cuba? Because they hate Americans? I do not think so. Did you know the first account of the war dead in the battle of Nanking by Chiang Kai-Shek's Chinese National Party after WW2 was 40,000? At the Tokyo Trial, the number was suddenly raised up to 200,000.
After Mao Tse-tung turned Chiang Kai-sek out to Taiwan, it was raised up again to 300,000. Also the number of eyewitnesses has been increasing. Unbelievable!
I was so disappointed in this book that I did not even finish it. (I have moved on to a far superior book, Rick Atkinson's "An Army at Dawn." I highly recommend that book, by the way). I found this book to be really lacking in detail and in background facts. There was little more than a cursory effort to explain why this event happened. A detailed analysis of the Japanese military itself and its background would have been enlightening and interesting, for example. Instead, this book seemed to be little more than a series of short horrific stories about what the military did in Nanking. In addition, I question the historical accuracy of a lot of what is in the book. Many, if not most, of the stories were unattributed and came across as hearsay or as probably apocryphal to me. Please don't get me wrong, I am not questioning that it happened. I am questioning the accuracy of a lot of the stories and the facts the book provided. The book also came across to me as overly opinionated and excessively driven by the author's agenda.
I also did not like the structure of the book. It is written in several sections that purport to present the entire story anew from different points of view. But to me, it just made the book redundant and served to emphasize its lack of detail within each section.
In short, if you are looking for a detailed, historically accurate account of the Rape of Nanking that tries to do anything more than recount a bunch of sad stories, this is not the book for you.
---------------------------------------------- The coming conflict with China, November 28, 2004 The beijing authorities view anti-Japanese sentiment as something to orchestrate primarily for its own international purposes to strengthen war guilt among Japanese and opposition to Japanese rearmament among the nations of the world.
Meanwhile, China's Communist Party shows no concern with any moral accounting for the atrocities that it perpetrated against its own people during the long years of mass imprisonment, labor camp, the politically induced famine of the early 1960's, or, for that matter, the massacre of pro-democracy protesters at Tiananmen.
-- Richard Bernstein and Ross H. Munro,
"The coming conflict with China"
---------------------------------------------- これは Richard Bernstein と Ross H. Munro が書いた "The coming conflict with China"という本の中からの引用なのかな?
Chang's book, from a historical perspective, is full of errors, which the revisionists have used to their delight to claim the atrocity is fake. It is not, but her book is a very mixed blessing and she did not do a good historical job. Her book is still important and deserves mention for 2 historiographical reasons: チャンの本は歴史的には間違いだらけであるため修正歴史家達は喜んで残虐なことが あったことは嘘であると主張する。それは違っている。しかし彼女の本は非常な恩恵も 与えている(訳?)そして歴史学的にはあまり良い仕事をしているわけではない。 それでも彼女の本は二つの理由で歴史学的に重要であると言える。
1) Her book single handedly gave the incident a new life in the eyes of the overseas Chinese community and the Western world at large. This has glavanized researchers and produced more work on the issue. 彼女はこの本一冊で海外に住む中国人社会と西洋社会全体に大きなインパクトを与え この事件に対してまた新しい視野を与えた。この本は研究家をこの事件について 考えさせ、多くの仕事をさせた。
2) Her book uses the Rabe diaries which has moved the research forward. Her effective use of the Rabe account, which I seem to recall her finding (?) is very important. 彼女の本は「Rabe の日記」を取り上げていたため研究をもっと深めさせた。 彼女の「Rabe の日記」の効果的に取り上げていたため彼女の発見は重要である。
Fifteen years have passed since the end of the Cold War,, November 29, 2004 冷戦が終わってから15年が過ぎた Reviewer: Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev - See all my reviews
and the world is now in the midst of turmoil and crisis. In order to keep the scarcely maintained world peace, the role of the continued Japan-U.S. friendship and alliance is unshakable. Throughout the Cold War era and up to the present day, there has been some serious friction recorded, especially in the area of trade relative to the export of textiles and steel, also in the area of discussions as to increasing Japan's defense capabilities, and to restructuring of Japan's economic system. However, these items of discussion have been, without exception, items of national interest. Both nations, Japan and U.S., have tried to mutually resolve the problems and to reach the satisfactory resolutions and these efforts and achievements are universally recognized. そして世界は混迷と危機の最中にある。やっと保っている世界の平和を継続するためには 日本とアメリカの友好と同盟を継続してゆくことは重要である。冷戦中から現在に至るまでは 特に貿易関係における繊維・鉄鋼の輸出、日本の防衛力の増強、日本経済の再構築など 何度かの深刻な軋轢があったことは記録されている。しかしながらこれらの事柄は例外なく (日米の)国益に関連したことであった。日米両国は問題を解決するべく双方から歩み寄り、 お互いに満足する結果を出すように努力してきたことは世界的い認識されている。
However, for the past few years, some peculiar anti-Japanese campaigns have been started in the U.S., and they have been escalated as the time passed. We are deeply concerned that the new serious friction between Japan and the U.S. has expanded as a result of these campaigns. The reason we express our concerns is that these anti-Japanese activities have been developed in the U.S., but aren't related directly to the national interests of either country. It is our assertion that there is someone of the third world trying to set them up from behind. しかしながら過去数年間特殊な反日キャンペーンがアメリカで始まってきている。そして それは年月を追うごとに激化して来ている。私達はこのキャンペーンの結果日米の軋轢が 増大するのではないかと異常な懸念を持っている。私達がこれに対して懸念している理由は これがアメリカで始まったことである、しかもこれは日米双方の国益のどちらにも関連して いないことである。私達はこれが(日米に関係ない)第三国が背後から画策しているものと 確信している。
Specifically, Chinese-American Iris Chang's The Rape of Nanking, which was published in July 1997 in the U.S., and the wave of anti-Japanese campaigns agitated by her claims are sitting at the center of this problem. The book's contents do not present verified facts, and furthermore, they represent the quite opposite. As a result, those Japanese who are shocked with such an injustice are not few. For this twisted representation of the historical facts of the 'Nanking Massacre', even a monthly Japanese magazine, called Sekai which has been a representative of the group which has admitted the 'Nanking Massacre', can't have helped but express its disagreement and published an unusual explanatory statement. 特に中国系アメリカ人アイリス・チャン氏が1997年の7月にアメリカで出版した「レイプ・オブ・ナンキン」と この本が反日キャンペーンの運動を煽動したことはこの問題の中心にある。この本は検証された 事実に基づくものでもなく、しかも全く正反対である。結果この本によって衝撃をを受けた日本人は多い。 この歪曲された歴史に基づく「南京の虐殺」について「南京事件」があったと認めている グループを代表する日本の月刊誌「世界」でさえも(アイリス・チャンの記述には)同意できないとして 異例の説明のための声明を発表した。
書き込み発見。 http://news.messages.yahoo.com/bbs?action=m&board=37138459&tid=afpjapanskoreawarcourt&sid=37138459&mid=2 ...at the time, Japanese were no better than the Nazis : - 20 millions Chinese died; the same amount in Russia, caused by the war with Germany 日本人に中国人が2000万人殺された - unknown, untold horrors : for instance 1 to 3 millions northern Indochinese died of hunger, due to lack of rice (all was for the Japanese troops) - even now, most Japanese either don't know or don't want to know their past crimes. And many are whitewashing their past (like Shintaro ISHIHARA, the mayor of Tokyo; or those cited)
...but the same goes for actual crimes and criminels : for instance, the Bushists perpetrating horrors in Iraq, in an illegal and horrendous neo-colonialist war : 100 000 innocent iraqi civilians slained so far by the US army !!!
Its amazing how the Japanese government and rightist citizens continue to whitewash their history and deny the war crimes perpetuated against ethnic Chinese and Koreans. 日本の政府と右翼市民がごまかしの歴史で取り繕い、中国と韓国国民に対して犯した 戦争犯罪についていつまでも否定を続けるのは驚くべきことだ。
They systematically fabricate history, an example so perfectly seen in "Nanking Problem"'s narrative below. But a fabrication remains one nonetheless in spite of the ingenuity of its art. What stark difference in comparison with the Germans. I just hope that this honest piece of work by the late Ms Chang will be able to withstand all the fabrications and onslaughts of Imperial Japan. 彼らは下に述べられているように南京問題を完璧にみえるように組織的に歴史の捏造を行う。 しかし完璧にみえるようにあっても捏造は間違いなく行われている。ドイツと比べてなんと違うことか。 私は故アイリス・チャンの誠実な仕事が日本帝国の全ての捏造と傲慢さを阻止しすることを希望する。
But in reality, the truth does not always prevail, as seen by the proliferation of people like "Nanking Problem", who continue to trumpet their own version of "history". しかしながら現実の世界ではここで自分達の視点の「南京問題」を述べている人達が いるように必ずしも真実が暴かれるということにはならない。
May God forgive them for their heinous beliefs! 神よ彼らの憎むべき信仰を許したまえ。
Japanese government (not japanese people) have always stirred the same sh*t with US in the Pacific. Furthermore, the jap. government don't pay a damn to what they did in the WW2, and they are changing how they teach history to children. 日本政府はアメリカと一緒にいつも太平洋岸の問題を起こす。その上日本政府は 第二次世界大戦でしたことについて全く補償をしていない。 そして子供に教える歴史を変えようとしている。
And then they stop financial aid to China, and at the same time, ask China to support t hem a permanent seat in UN Security Counsil? Yeah right. Don't let them fool you, China, they are gonna do you no good if they have veto. そして彼らは中国に対する援助を止めようとしているにも関わらず国連常任理事国の席確保で 中国に頼ろうとしている。そうだよ。 彼らに騙されるな、中国よ。もし日本が拒否権を得ることができたら何も良いことはない。
I want to defect to North Korea... by: eshommie 12/03/04 08:17 pm Msg: 68 of 103
Camping during youth, live in a college dorm / fraternity environment, play jokes on the RA. Marry a nice japanese cutie, have a couple of kids, settle in the country. Damn...lucky batsard. eshommie -------------------------------------------------- Lucky bastard by: warmutant (21/M/Colorado...oh god kill me) 12/03/04 08:15 pm Msg: 64 of 103 2 recommendations
Seriously, he does something wrong and ends up living in Japan? Yeesh. That's kind lame.
Hiromi shut the hell up, June 3, 2004 Reviewer: A reader You should shut the hell up hiromi. Your negative comments have plagued this entire system when the truth has comes out. Don't deny there was no rape. There is rape in every war even today, some being more cruel like the damn Japanese. If the damn Jap army was as you claim so "nice", the Chinese people would have supported them instead of Chiang or Mao. So shut up Hiromi, and accept the truth. How would you feel if you, your family and loved ones got raped and mutilated? SO SHUT UP.
HANGHAI, Dec. 5 - The history teacher maintained a blistering pace, clicking from one frame quickly to the next, during a lecture on China's relations with the world from 1929 to 1939 in one of this country's most selective high schools.
There was Hitler, shown on parade, his hand lifted in the Nazi salute. The teacher mimicked the gesture, to brief laughter, announcing the year the dictator came to power, with no pause for a discussion of fascism. Pushing ahead quickly, he said the United States was exploiting Canadian and Latin American resources, while Britain fed off India. Wherever it could, France, which was dismissed in barely a sentence, mostly followed Britain's example.
Getting to the meat of the lesson, the teacher said Japan decided to pursue its own longtime desire for a continental empire, and attacked China. The presentation lingered on a famous 1937 picture of a Chinese baby sitting in the middle of a Shanghai road amid the Japanese aerial bombing of China. Then, moments later, the teacher announced plainly, "America's attitude toward the Japanese invasion of China stopped at empty moral criticism."
This country has made a national pastime of wagging its finger at its neighbor, Japan, which it regularly scolds for not teaching the "correct history" about Japan's invasion of China in the 1930's, straining relations between Asia's biggest powers.
However, a visit to a Chinese high school classroom and an examination of several of the most widely used history textbooks here reveal a mishmash of historical details that many Chinese educational experts themselves say are highly selective and often provide a deeply distorted view of the recent past.
Most Chinese students finish high school convinced that their country has fought wars only in self-defense, never aggressively or in conquest, despite the People's Liberation Army's invasion of Tibet in 1950 and the ill-fated war with Vietnam in 1979, to take two examples.
Similarly, many believe that Japan was defeated largely as a result of Chinese resistance, not by the United States.
"The fundamental reason for the victory is that the Chinese Communist Party became the core power that united the nation," says one widely used textbook, referring to World War II.
No one learns that perhaps 30 million people died from famine because of catastrophic decisions made in the 1950's, during the Great Leap Forward, by the founder of Communist China, Mao Zedong.
Similar elisions occur in everything from the start of the Korean War, with an invasion of South Korea by China's ally, North Korea, to the history of Taiwan, which Beijing claims as an irrevocable part of China.
"The Anti-Japanese War finally succeeded, and Taiwan came back to the motherland," another leading textbook states, referring to Japan's defeat in World War II and the loss of its colonial hold on Taiwan.
"The closer history gets to the present, the more political it becomes," said Chen Minghua, a 12th grade history teacher at the No. 2 Secondary School in Shanghai. "So for things after the founding of the People's Republic, we only require students to know the basic facts, like what happened in what year, and we don't study why."
Although some defend the curriculum, many academics say the way history is taught in China forces even the best teachers to bob and weave around anything deemed delicate by the country's leaders and leaves students confused about their own country's place in the world.
Asked what they made of the discussion of the 1930's, one student at the Shanghai high school eagerly volunteered that China had prevented Japan from taking over much of the world. Another said war was inevitable. And a third, who approached the teacher after class to pursue the discussion, said the war had not been a bad thing, since it had prevented Japan from becoming a world power.
Defenders of China's curriculum say that whatever its shortcomings, history education has vastly improved in recent years. There is more choice among textbooks, even if all textbooks are carefully screened by the government, and once taboo subjects, like the Chinese Nationalists' contribution during the war against Japan and even the Cultural Revolution are being mentioned, if only cursorily, in more and more textbooks.
Asked why Chinese textbooks do not mention such matters as Tibet's claim to independence at the time Communist troops invaded, Ren Penjie, editor of a history education magazine in Xian, said: "These are still matters of controversy. What we present to children are less controversial facts, which are easier to explain."
Others said such events were too recent to be seen with objectivity, or that the facts were still coming in, both of which are common explanations offered by Japanese historians who defend the lack of candor about Japanese atrocities in World War II.
For his part, Mr. Ren, who took part in the 1989 protests in Tiananmen Square, which ended in a military crackdown that left hundreds of civilians dead, counted that event as being far too recent to touch upon.
One 1998 textbook that alludes to the demonstrations calls them a "storm" created by the failure of leaders to stop the spread of "bourgeois liberalism," adding vaguely that "the Central Committee took action in time and restored calm." The most recent edition of the same textbook is vaguer still, speaking only of thoughts fanned by a small number of people whose aim was to overthrow the Communist Party, with no mention of the lethal aftermath.
Some Chinese history specialists were less inclined to make excuses for the evasions, however.
"Quite frankly, in China there are some areas, very sensitive subjects, where it is impossible to tell people the truth," said Ge Jianxiong, director of the Institute of Chinese Historical Geography at Fudan University in Shanghai and a veteran of official history textbook advisory committees. "Going very deeply into the history of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and some features of the Liberation" - as the Communist victory is called - "is forbidden. In China, history is still used as a political tool, and at the high school level, we still must follow the doctrine."
Taking the long view, though, Mr. Ge, 59, who taught high school during the 1966-76 Cultural Revolution, when teachers were beaten and education became hyper-politicized, said things were gradually getting better.
Su Zheliang, a historian at Shanghai Normal University, who is himself the author of a new textbook, agreed.
"Sometimes I want to write the truth, but I must take a practical approach," he said. "I want my students to learn, and I've put out the best book that I can. In 10 years, perhaps, China will be a much more open country."
To those criticize the bias of the author. I would say this book isn't just a list of facts. I have never read a book with absolute objectivity. A good history book is to combine authentic materials with feelings (and that emotion is what make us as human being!) 著者の考え方の傾向について批判する人に言いたい。この本は事実を述べているだけではない。 私は本を読む時絶対的な客観性を持って読むことはできないと思っている。良い歴史の本とは 根拠のある事実と感情を併せ持ったものであると思う(そしてその感情こそ人間性である)
To one of the reviewer who he said that the rape count is not realistic because there are not that many babies born, I personally felt deeply hurt and shivered with disbelief. How, I would ask, a woman could ever have a baby if she's killed right after she was raped?!!! ここで感想を述べている人は強姦は真実とは思えないなぜならその後にたくさんの赤ちゃんが 産まれるはずだと言っているが、この意見に私は非常に傷ついた。どうして強姦された後に すぐ殺された女性が子供を持つことができるのだろうか。
It's a book about something we shouldn't forget, that people can produce such unbelievable tragedy (it's so unbelievable that I understand quite a few people just don't believe it) given certain context and we all as human being have the responsibility to prevent similar things to happen again!!!!! この本は人類がこのような悲劇を引き起こすことを記録している私達が忘れてはいけない本だ。 (あまりにも信じられないようなことなのでいくらかの人達は全く信じることすらできないのだと思う) 私達人類はこのようなことが二度と起こらないようにくい止める責任があると思う。
With all that technology and money thats in Japan...and with movie technology the way it is...it amazes me that "man in rubber suit" movies are still being made. 日本のあの技術力と金がありながらいまだにゴム人形のゴジラ映画を製作していることに驚く。
I try to compare the so-called 'Nanking Massacre' with a murder case (including the looting and rape associated to it). Under the assumption that the Prosecution is responsible for the burden of proof, I am going to examine the evidences from various aspects through procedures of criminal codes, to determine whether the Prosecution has been able to prove the 'Nanking Massacre' as a crime.
I think that History of the War against Japan can be comparable to the indictment. This book claims that the Japanese Army killed more than 300,000 Chinese captives and civilians from December 1937 through February 1938 with a variety of arguments. Although I can argue against each point, here in this chapter, I will categorize them into the following 'four points of advocacy' and 'ten points of argument.'
The whole view of the indictment - The number of casualties, 300,000 - - After the Japanese occupation, did the population of Nanking decrease by more than 300,000? - - Did the 'Chinese postwar investigation' have probative value and admissibility? - - - Chinese testimonies of eleven cases to verify the murder of 190,000 people. - - - Burial records of 150,000 corpses by the Advance Benevolence Society and the Red Swastika Society. - - Did westerners witness the massacre? - - Were Japanese high officials aware of the massacre? - Systematic massacre - - Did the Japanese Army plan a systematic murder? - - Was the mopping-up operation a systematic murder? - - Did the Japanese Army have a policy of killing POWs? - Systematic large scale looting and rape - - Did the Japanese Army practice systematic looting? - - Did the Japanese Army commit systematic rape? - Cruel Atrocities - - Did Japanese officers perform the 'Murder Race'?
Excellent and a solemn duty for everyone to recognize., December 15, 2004 Reviewer: "riley555" (Canada) - See all my reviews 秀作、全ての人が認識するべき価値のある (5星)
The rape of Nanking in 1937 is the very definition of barbarity. Just as it is a crime against humanity to perpetrate such an inhumane act it is also a crime against humanity for the rest of the world not to recognize it. 1937年に起きた南京大虐殺は残虐性というものを教えてくれる。人間性に対する犯罪であり、 このようなことをすることにようって人間性を冒涜することだけでなく、これは世界中の 人間全体に対しての人間性を冒涜することになることを認識するべきである。
However it is also important to remember that the Japanese people in general are not bad. They were brain washed and trained to be totally devoid of pity for enemy or for self. しかしながら一般の日本人が悪いわけではないことも認識しなければならない。 これは洗脳されてそのことがわからないことが悪いことなのである。
As imperialism and fascism, any nation and any human being can become brain washed and be the perpetrator of such crimes. It is NOT just a certain race or people. In turn it is our duty as human beings to learn from this atrocity so that no nation or people will ever be subjected to commit such a brutal crime or become victims of this behaviour. 帝国主義とファシズムで洗脳されればどの国の国民もこのようなことを行ってしまうのである。 これは特定の人種や人々にかぎられたことではない。したがってこの残虐行為がどのようなもので あるかを学ぶことは人類が今後このような行為を行うことを防ぎ、犠牲者になることを防ぐことにもなる。
This book is not based loosely. There are literally thousands of eye witness accounts, diaries and pictures to support that the massacre took place. However some authors and historians differ on the actual number of people who were murdered, some say 200,000 while others say up to 600,000 were killed. この本は不正確な事実に基づいているのではない。実際に何千人もの目撃者がおり、 このことを証明する日記や写真もたくさん残されている。しかしながら歴史家や本の著者に よって何人が殺されたかの数は違っている。犠牲者の数が20万人という人もいるし、 60万人が殺されたという人もいる。 -----------------------------------------------------
While the Kirkus reviewer may overstate "his" case, essentially the review is on target. Chang's book deserves credit for being an earnest effort to direct world attention to an overlooked part of collective history. However it disappoints in its lack of depth and fustrates readers with its stylistic structure.
Perhaps in concession to current opinion that footnotes intimidate non-academic readers, Chang does not use them. To check sources for basic assertions within the text one must search the endnotes by page number to match the statement made with a source citation. Often there are none. This ultimately undermines the credibility of the entire enterprise.
Chang also repeatedly inserts herself into the context of the massacre by noting how her interest in the incident triggered important historical action (the saving of documents etc).
Lacking adequate inclusion of primary material, Chang's style blunts the impact and intrinsic drama of the event by repeatedly "summing up" events without providing detail. The result is a story of an American journalist's response to the discovery of a piece of underexplored history not an exposure of the historical event itself. Typos abound in this expensive hardback so while I recomend reading it (a short, interesting read), I would suggest using the library.
新5星書きこみでつ http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/customer-reviews/0140277447/ref=cm_cr_dp_2_1/002-8727666-2812002?%5Fencoding=UTF8&customer-reviews.sort%5Fby=-SubmissionDate&n=283155 Spot Light on Hidden Tragedy, December 20, 2004 "The Rape of Nanking" is a master work, the first book in English to set down the story of the senseless slaughter and rapine that took place in Nanking in 1937 and 1938. More than 300,000 civilians were massacred by the Japanese Army. Tens of thousands of women were subjected to torture and rape in a spree of madness that lasted 7 weeks. Chang chronicles the Japanese mindset that led to the atrocity, the Chinese Army's abandonment of Nanking, the suffering and courage of the city's residents and the heroic efforts of two dozen Europeans and Americans to devise and defend and international safety zone that saved the lives of a quarter million (!) innocent Chinese. Chief among these saviors was John Rabe, ironically a German Nazi, who became known as a living Buddha for his humanitarian work.
Most poignant is the story of what happened after the war, as both Americans and Chinese helped paper over the massacre in order to defend against a newly aggressive USSR. Infuriatingly, many Japanese continue to deny that this well-documented event even took place. Top ranking members of the Japanese War Ministry and royal family were never called to account for their crimes, including those in Nanking.
I found "The Rape of Nanking" inspiring, in the sense that even in the midst of mindless evil, good men and women can rise to stand against evil, managing sometimes to carve tiny victories from a megalith of death and destruction.
Interesting but excessive exaggeration, December 20, 2004 Reviewer: Junqi Ding The intent of this book is clear and compelling. The bottom line is, the Empire of Japan SHOULD HAVE ADMITTED what her did during WWII in China. However, this book critically lacks credibility of the facts. I have to regret many of the facts stated in the book are untrue or incorrect from the perspective of the fact-oriented international populace (e.g., the pictures of Chinese-self-acted Japanese solders, beheaded Chinese criminals executed by their own government, and the number of victims of 300,000 despite 10,000-30,000 revealed by the international investigation body right after the war). It was certainly a tragedy, but we need the FACTS to consider, not her emotional urban folklore. Iris Chang makes it a point to manipulate some facts to make effectively and systematically the entire plot plausible. Japanese government must apologize and Iris Chang must have written the book, both based exclusively on the HARD FACTS. Both are impostors!
新一星書き込みでつ History is not polemics - Geraldo does Nanking,, December 21, 2004 #583 Reviewer: jheinin As a professional historian of East Asia, I appreciate Chang bringing the events of Japan's invasion of Nanking to a broader audience, but Chang let her personal bias and her youth/inexperience adversely affect the telling of her tale. The events are horrific enough that the reader does not need to be hit over the head with Chang's inflammatory rhetoric. Moreover, this is not a forgotten event--I learned about it in 10th grade world history in 1967.
Chang's best contribution is bringing to light the diaries of John Rabe, which with other eye-witness accounts are perfectly valid historical sources. However, Chang's insertion of herself into the narrative and her inflammatory rhetoric seriously undermine her book on an important and neglected -- but not unknown -- event. I am at a loss to understand why this book has been lauded by a number of prominent historians. Had she been my student (or I her editor), I would have required her to write with objectivity so the credibility of her account would not be subjected to the kind of criticism I see in many of these reviews.
This was truly eye-opening b/c of the lack of awareness that this event ever occured. That is the point and the double-tragedy of what happened. Much like the Nazi atrocities of WW2, it is hard to believe that man could act in such a way to others. The book is informative yet somewhat repetitive. A couple of times I swear I was reading word for word what I had already read. Otherwise, it was very interesting.
Religion is the Root Cause of the Massacres, January 15, 2005 Reviewer: Chaconnesque "chaconnesque" (Singapore, Singapore Singapore) A Japanese reviewer had justified the Nanking massacre by referring the Chinese massacre of the Tibetans. A strange way of justifying indeed. Thus the Jewish treatment of the Palestinians also justify their prior (worse!) treatment by the Nazis? At any rate, while I abhor the massacre of the Tibetans which occurred during the cultural revolution, the Red Guards massacred many people of different ethnicity, including a large majority of Chinese themselves. It wasn't as racially motivated as the Nanking massacre.
A good point to note that most Japanese who denied the truth of the Nanking massacre are Shinto believers. Most Buddhist Japanese are able to come to terms with this horrendous deed of their forefathers, and have participated prominently annually in commemorative events.
Shinto believers have this problem because the root lies in the fact that the religion preaches the infallibility of the Japanese race and particularly of the imperial family. A believer would certainly be unable to accept that their own people could commit such atrocious crime, and would strenuously, furiously deny it.
Indeed it is this very belief in their infallability that led them progressively into aggressive behaviour towards their neighbours, whom they view as racially impure and inferior. In this aspect this is very similar to Nazism, only more muted, and sadly, more enduring.
Incidentally, Nanking was by no means the only massacre though it was the largest by the Japanese. In Singapore and Malaysia, tens of thousands of Chinese men were murdered during the nearly 4 years of Japanese occupation. These men were rounded up and brought in trucks to remote locations, forced to dig trenches and then gunned down by the Japanese soldiers, who then buried them in these very trenches. Numerous such places have been recovered. My parents personally know of people whom have been rounded-up and disappeared, and also of survivors who made it to tell the truth. My university room-mate's family still do not buy Japanese goods because his maternal grandmother lost all her sons this way.
But the British did not pursue the Japanese for compensation they way they did with the Germans since we're just colonies, and the succeeding governments needed Japanese investments so did not see fit to offend. It is now dim memory for most of the young people, but it does not mean that the massacres did not occur.
I had only heard about Japanese atrocities in China during WWII in general, yet had never read a detailed account (unlike the massive amounts of material you are exposed to in school about the Holocaust). The Rape of Nanking taught me much about the politics, motivations, and tragedies associated with Japan's occupation of parts of mainland China in the late 30's. While the book is fast paced, informative, and well written, do prepare yourself to be exposed to descriptions of the most horrific acts that your imagination can muster.
I felt the book could have been edited down a bit as certain sections get repetitive, but this is my only complaint about an otherwise amazing book on a little covered chapter in history. One that everyone should read. Not learning about The Rape is like being clueless about the Holocaust, and it's truly a tragedy that this event has been lost on most of the western world. It's fantastic that Iris Chang has brought it to light, yet tragic that she took her own life last year. Bottom line, if you can stomach some of the most gut wrenching horrors of The Rape being described in brutal detail (and some being pictured), then you owe it to yourself to read this book.
新四つ星リビュー #589 http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/customer-reviews/0140277447/ref=cm_cr_dp_2_1/103-8580269-3356601?%5Fencoding=UTF8&customer-reviews.sort%5Fby=-SubmissionDate&n=283155 What an amazing young scholar!, January 20, 2005 Reviewer: jen2005 "jen2005" (Texas, USA) The Nanjing Massacre has been witnessed by hundreds of thousands despite the clear attempt by Japanese soldiers to kill all those in view. It's sick that the Japanese are not taught the truth regarding the past. Clearly, young Japanese today are not at fault at what happened back in World War II, but we should all recognize our past mistakes. As Chang shrewdly highlights, Germany is a better country today because they recognized their dark past and the South are better today because they now recognize that slavery is unethical and simply disgusting. Shame on those who refuse to admit that the Nanjing Massacre occurred. I wonder if they even read Chang's book, not to mention the now many documentaries and texts regarding this subject matter.
I have never seen a good, solid-based counter-argument to those denial theories of so-called Rape of Nanking was made not only by ignorant amateur people but by the supposedly-decent scholars alike.
It is matter of course that they never be able to do so considering the fact that this story of the Rape of Nanking is mere propaganda. They should well know that they have no evidence that supports the massacre really happened in Nanking in December 1937. Because, on the contrary, many circumstantial evidences from the neutral foreigners in the city, which, most crucially, have been used as the very evidences for the massacre, point that soon after the capture of Nanking peace was in fact restored by the Japanese Army and genuine Chinese civilians (apart from those civilian-disguised Chinese soldiers, of course) gave them welcome rather eagerly. Anyone can read can see this from contemporary documents like "The Documents of the Nanking Safety Zone" and letters and diaries of those foreigners who remained in Nanking at the period in question which anyone can obtain anytime from Amazon.com book store most of the time.
So, naturally, instead of trying to make a counter-argument on what exactly the denial theories say, what they always do is to distort and deride those denials or to make a forced analogy between the Rape of Nanking denials and the Nazi Holocaust denials so that other uninformed people think that those deniers are all evil fascists and ultra-nationalists, therefore, they should never be listened to. They need to keep people out of those good resources because, once people read those contemporary documents by themselves, they will certainly know what really happened in Nanking and, more exactly, what really not happened in Nanking.
With those aggressive words, some people really are imbuing people's mind with false assumptions on those Rape of Nanking denials that can lead to prejudice to the Japanese culture itself. I cannot help thinking that, although we should be living in a democratic society in which people should have a right to speak freely, somehow we are under a covert speech control. It seems that once you are labelled as an ultra-nationalist or a neo-Nazi, you can never refute anything. I feel as if I am being told that: the left is right and the right is ALWAYS, PROFOUNDLY and INDEFINITELY wrong. Does this not sound like fascism/totalism? Incidentally, Amnesty International Report in 1978 says that in Communist China at that time history teachers were assigned to the post not by their achievement in history study but by fine understanding of the ideology of communism. I just wonder if it is still true to this day.
(By the way, the reviewer below called chaconnesque"chaconnesque", the Chinese who were killed in the South East Asian countries in the WW2 by the Japanese Army were mostly guerrillas in civilian clothes which is supposed to be illegal worldwide and, therefore, the commanders who ordered the executions of those guerrillas were acquitted in the war crimes courts by the Allied powers after the war.)
Cannibal is Chinese culture., February 3, 2005 Reviewer: pink daruma
I contribute for the first time. Various informations about Nanking Massacre are flowing, to tell the truth, I also can't understand which one is the true information. But, I want to say only one point. They say, Japanese soldiers ate Chinese's internal organs with pan. It's nonsense story. Japanese began eating pig or beef about 140 years ago. All samurais were vegetarians. I swear we don't have that kind of culture. Cannibal is Chinese culture. You can easily understand if you read Chinese history book. Obviously, it's a propaganda made by Chinese. Though there are Japanese slaughter events committed by Chinese, too. \ If those are not seen, it is not impartial.
Ding, who heads the Cupertino-based Global Alliance for Preserving the History of World War II in Asia, said he did not know what kind of problem Chang might have encountered or whether it was a factor in her death.
In a day and age when Japan's Prime Minister still annually makes pilgrimages to "honor" Japan's "war heros", books like this provide some insight into the cultural underpinnings of racism and utter brutality.
Japan's forced enslavement, torture, and rape of Koreans, Chinese, Taiwanese, and others in WW2 has been well-documented; and yet, curiously, it takes explosive books like this to bring this documentation out of stale academia and into modern light.
Even today, those who were borne and live in Japan from those Koreans forcibly kidnapped and raped by Japanese are not Japanese citizens... despite the fact that they are now 3rd generation Japanese, speak no Korean, and have never been to Korea. As this book amply demonstrates, Japan breeds into its people a robotic disregard for human life and suffering, and a racism that, to this day, is remarkably disturbing. In the US, we tend to focus on occidental sins... it's time we also cast our eyes eastward.
Powerful look at Tragedy & Brutality, February 19, 2005 Reviewer: K.A.Goldberg (Chicago)
This gripping expose' of Japan's brutality in China is not for the faint of heart. Author Iris Chang used official documents and interviews with aged survivors to narrate one of the most overlooked chapters of 20th Century genocide. When Japan's imperial army captured the Chinese city of Nanking in 1937, their soldiers exacted a blood-thirsty revenge. As this book shows, no Chinese were exempt from the seven-week (...) of murder and rape that followed. Japanese soldiers used Chinese prisoners for bayonet practice, shot entire families, and raped women by the thousands (usually killing their victims afterwards). Recoiling in horror, a handful of western officials, missionaries, and others (led ironically by (...) diplomat John Rabe) worked to establish an international safe zone that saved thousands of Chinese. Still this powerful narrative shows that Japan's army murdered an estimated 300,000 Chinese citizens in the space of less than two months.
I recently a television interview where an aged ex-soldier from Japan admitted to having participated in these brutalities and to having felt no remorse until years later. Gee. Author Iris Chang (1968-2004) was a talented journalist who unfortunately took her own life - one wonders if this powerful narrative may have contributed to her burdens.
Forgotten, February 23, 2005 Reviewer: J.D. Nguyen "Jon" (Canada) I will admit that I am only a Grade 12 student reading this book as part of a English project, however while reading the reviews of this book on Amazon.com I came across somebody saying that this is not forgotten history. When I presented my report to a class of average Canadian high school students many of whom were in my History 12 class were totally oblivious to such acts of violence and sadistic rape, murder and degredgation of the Chinese.
I believe that however bias Chang's writing maybe at certain points it is only because any decent human being cannot or would have a hard time writing of such atrocities without providing a hint of anger and frustration as to the events of Nanking.
I DO NOT RECOMMEND THIS BOOK TO EVERYBODY, it is very much a book that is important and informative, but at the same time it is written with graphic detail as the reader is bombarded with constant stories and depictions of rape,murder and mutilation. -------------------------------------------------------------------
Canadian high school students many of whom were in my History 12 class were totally oblivious to such acts of violence and sadistic rape, murder and degredgation of the Chinese.
新一つ星リビュー #593 (どこかで一つリビューが削除されている) Everyone! Please Read "Eyewitnesses to Massacre"!!, March 6, 2005 Reviewer: Yamata-no-Orochi I have never seen a good, solid-based counter-argument to those denial theories of so-called Rape of Nanking was made not only by ignorant amateur people but by the supposedly-decent scholars alike.
It is matter of course that they never be able to do so considering the fact that this story of the Rape of Nanking is mere propaganda. They should well know that they have no evidence that supports the massacre really happened in Nanking in December 1937. Because, on the contrary, many circumstantial evidences from the neutral foreigners in the city, which, most crucially, have been used as the very evidences for the massacre, point that soon after the capture of Nanking peace was in fact restored by the Japanese Army and genuine Chinese civilians (apart from those civilian-disguised Chinese soldiers, of course) gave them welcome rather eagerly. Anyone can read can see this from contemporary documents like "The Documents of the Nanking Safety Zone" and letters and diaries of those foreigners who remained in Nanking at the period in question which anyone can obtain anytime from Amazon.com book store most of the time.
So, naturally, instead of trying to make a counter-argument on what exactly the denial theories say, what they always do is to distort and deride those denials or to make a forced analogy between the Rape of Nanking denials and the Nazi Holocaust denials so that other uninformed people think that those deniers are all evil fascists and ultra-nationalists, therefore, they should never be listened to. They need to keep people out of those good resources because, once people read those contemporary documents by themselves, they will certainly know what really happened in Nanking and, more exactly, what really not happened in Nanking.
With those aggressive words, some people really are imbuing people's mind with false assumptions on those Rape of Nanking denials that can lead to prejudice to the Japanese culture itself. I cannot help thinking that, although we should be living in a democratic society in which people should have a right to speak freely, somehow we are under a covert speech control. It seems that once you are labelled as an ultra-nationalist or a neo-Nazi, you can never refute anything. I feel as if I am being told that: the left is right and the right is ALWAYS, PROFOUNDLY and INDEFINITELY wrong. Does this not sound like fascism/totalism? Incidentally, Amnesty International Report in 1978 says that in Communist China at that time history teachers were assigned to the post not by their achievement in history study but by fine understanding of the ideology of communism. I just wonder if it is still true to this day.
(By the way, the Chinese who were killed in the South East Asian countries in the WW2 by the Japanese Army were mostly guerrillas in civilian clothes which is supposed to be illegal worldwide and, therefore, the commanders who ordered the executions of those guerrillas were acquitted in the war crimes courts by the Allied powers after the war.)
新四星リビュー #593 http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/customer-reviews/0140277447/ref=cm_cr_dp_2_1/002-3449031-9789664?%5Fencoding=UTF8&customer-reviews.sort%5Fby=-SubmissionDate&n=283155 STUNNING, March 13, 2005 It is a very stunning book and stomach churning in which Iris Chang tells the story of many, in a respective manner dividing the stories into three seperate sections, Japanese, Chinese witnesses, and Foreigners. In The Rape of Nanking, she briefly describes the tragedy of many Chinese people who endured rape, murder, and cruel treatment from Japanese soldiers. Although many Japanese people deny the fact that this ever happened, this book really shows the true colors of this tragedy that will never be forgotten.
Iris Chang's The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War II examines one of history's atrocities under the microscope. By looking at the cover of the book, one may not be able to decipher what the cover depicts if one hasn't studied or read about the Chinese holocaust that occurred before World War II was officially declared in 1939. One can only think that the picture depicts dead fish along the ground. However, that is not the case, and it is the gruesome reality of what can happen in times of conflict. The Japanese proceeded in creating havoc in Manchuria in December 1937 in order to attain territorial and imperialistic power over the Chinese.
Chang's well-documented narrative of the Rape of Nanking is a powerful book that can either move you or make you think about history that has already passed. The Rape of Nanking is one of those events in history that has been debated and challenged by Japanese historians in telling the truth about Nanking by non-Japanese researchers or even those who actually lived through the experience. Through Chang's narrative, she pleads to her readers that this event indeed happened and revisionists working to debunk the facts are working on a thin red line when they taint history in order to paint a "pretty" picture of their own history. History is not complete unless the entire big picture is presented.
The Rape of Nanking is indeed another piece of the puzzle in telling the history of World War II. As more evidence is presented to what occurred before Pearl Harbor, there will be a better understanding to what eventually occurred on August 9, 1945 and after. Those who read the book should be forewarned of the graphic narrative as well as the photographs. Nonetheless, this is a highly recommended book.
She is connected with the China of Communist Party. People's Republic of China is the most violative country in the world. This country is always violates human rights and has been bitterly criticised by Internationai Society.
It's so amazing that many reviewers of this book accept everything they read in the book as truth. Then, when you realize the so many of the reviewers are also of Chinese origin or descendants, it's no surprise. The history in general sometimes will not reveal a full true story of any events for a long time; 10, 30, 50, 100 years or even centuries. Recently, there was a finding that, out of the Soviet Communist Archived documents, the Soviet had issued an order to Mao Zedong to instigate the Japanese army to invade and break out a war against China in order to rear-guard the soviet which was at war against German and was worried about another front in Asia against Japan. This is quite contrary to the general notion that Japan invaded China out of territorial aggression. Those reviewers of this book whose one of the favourite comments is 'Well documented' or 'Well researched' really makes me wonder what they mean by those comments or how they figured whether or not the author has, indeed, conducted good fact findings and researches. When it comes to the history books, one must counter balance by reading the both sides of its story in question if there are more than one party involved in the event. (以下省略)
I am DEEPLY embarassed by some of the Japanese and Chinese reviewers who basically blast at each other. The Japanese who flat out deny the existence of this atrocity are ridiculous beyond words. The Chinese who curse at the Japanese with horrible names and some even swore on having a "Rape of Tokyo" is also just embarassing!
As a Chinese I've always been interested in the Japanese language, culture, and food for pure enjoyment. I believe the Japanese have a very interesting and unique societal view on their own race and their own lifestyle, they have very disciplined views, for good and for bad. I have many Japanese friends and feel that there are always good and bad people everywhere.
There are many genocides that occurred around the world throughout ages, the rape of Nanjing, Turkish slaughter of Armenians, slaughter of Muslims in the Balkans, and the current genocide that is OCCURING right now in Sudan and Rhwanda are, in a sense, all the same. They are all denounced, and even the ones occuring right now, we're all ignoring them. Out of the hundreds of genocides and mass/gruesome murders that happened in the world, only the holocause is recognized.
War is a dirty and dark magical power that sucks out people's souls and makes us inhumane and out of our minds. When a country is in war, its soldiers are fooled by the leader into committing acts they never imagine they could commit. When a city is invaded, it is almost always the case that inhumane slaughterings will occur. I am not here to excuse the Japanese but to say that many atrocious events happened and the Japanese invasion of China is one in thousands.
I feel horrible that the Japanese is denying the rape of Nanjing. My grandmother's brothers and sisters and their families were burned alive by the Japanese while herself narrowly escaped, I grew up listening to her tales, and to hear so many people on this page denying MY FAMILY's death is very painful, and it makes me very, very angry.
Frankly, after reading the Rape of Nanking I dropped studying Japanese at my college, because I simply cannot get myself to come to terms with not this atrocity, but the simple denial of this atrocity by the culture I am interested in.
I'd say that both Chinese and Japanese are deeply racist toward each other, while the Chinese claim that they have a reason to hate the Japanese for the crimes they've done, the Japanese looks down upon the Chinese as if we're inferior to them. In both cases, it is not justified.
I hope there are people (both Japanese and Chinese) out there who are a little more civilized than some of the people on this web, to not look past our past, but to recognize our past, accept our past, and move beyond are past knowing that war is unfortunate, it brings out the worst in people, and to move on.
It is stupid to think that two great Asian countries cannot work together and to let the US take advantage of hatred.
If you don't believe me, that's fine, but please read "Eyewitnesses to Massacre" edited by proper Chinese scholar Zhang Kaiyuan. You can see those "objective" foreigners of the Nanking Safety Zone International Committee and other American missionaries, who stayed in Nanking at the very moment of the Japanese capture and occupation of Nanking December 1937 to spring of 1938, said themselves clearly that they saw NO actual killings (outside of the legitimate executions) by themselves at all!
They said that they believe all of those atrocities of Japanese Army that they heard from their Chinese friends were true, but also said that they had not verified them at all. (以下省略)
Does it really matter if the number of Chinese civilians that are killed is 50,000 or 500,000? An atrocity is an atrocity, regardless of the number! Many innocent civilians are mass murdered and that is the fact! Smaller number doesn't automatically make the massacre a "small thing". Smaller number doesn't mean Japanese government is not guilty about the massacre. The smaller number doesn't mean Japanese government don't need to apologize!!!
The number of Jews that are killed in the concentration camps also varies, how come I don't see anyone arguing about the numbers? The Japanese government should stop trying to find excuses and face the true history! People's voice cannot be wrong! Where do you think those victims that accuses Japanese government come from? Victims cannot be fabricated. It doesn't really matter if China is under communism or not. Even if China is a democratic country, Chinese people will still remember the atrocities the Japanese had done to them!
I have Japanese friends and Chinese friends and they are all very nice people until you start talking about the Rape of Nanking.
Basically, the Chinese go ballistic, the Japanese get miserable. The Chinese utterly insist that EVERY Japanese is a "war atrocity denier" and God help the guy who says otherwise. The Japanese basically regret Nanking as a big mistake, but tend to think they are being ostracized for something they are not responsible for.
Neither side is entirely right. On one hand, there are plenty of Japanese who are indignant that other Japanese people are trying to forget the Rape of Nanking. In fact, I have met more such Japanese than otherwise. On the other hand, Japanese people were not informed about the Rape of Nanking until well after the war, but they have to be accountable for the government they supported, even if it is about an event that happened long before they were born. (In the same way that our grandchildren will be held accountable for the actions of George W. Bush later on in history when the truth finally comes to light.)
Iris Chiang's book is not the best on the subject. It is just too sensationalistic and indignant. For an even-handed tretise on wartime Japan, I suggest you read "The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945" by Peter Duus. --------------------------------------- この話になると中国人は怒り狂い、日本人は惨めに。 惨めになる日本人はよく知らないからだよね。教育が悪い。